Effect of Adding Industrial Wastes on the Mechanical Properties of Gypsum (original) (raw)
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Gypsum, due to its unique property and pleasing appearance has made it the material of choice in the construction industry. Gypsum products hold a predominant position in the construction space due to their excellent insulation property both thermal and acoustic and effective fire protection. When used precisely with the innovative materials gypsum can develop the ability against moisture penetration and stability towards impact. Several research works have been done on the mechanical property and durability of gypsum under various circumstances. This paper gives an outline of the process of hydration, dehydration and setting of gypsum of the various admixtures on gypsum. This paper is also concerned with the effect of different types of fibres on gypsum products. Moreover, this paper tries to glean out the previous experimental and analytical studies on gypsum that will serve as a tool for future research works. Efforts have been made to summarize all the information available on the topics related to gypsum and suggestions for future work are also presented.
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The sustainable world's economic growth and people's life improvement greatly depend on the use of alternative products in the architecture and construction, such as industrial wastes. These materials conventionally have been referred to as "green materials". Cork (bark of the plant Quercus Suber L), a substance largely produced in Portugal, is a material whose characteristics are of considerable interest for the construction industry. It is regarded as a strategic material with enormous potential due to its reduced density, elasticity, compressibility, waterproofing, vibration absorption, thermal and acoustic insulation efficiency (Gil 2005 & Hernández-Olivares, 1999). Currently the world's annual paper consumption is in the order of 370 million tonnes (www.walesenvtrust.org.uk, 2007). Recycling of paper is generally considered to be the priority and best practicable environmental option. The cellulose is a self agglutinant material, when saturated and pressed link together its own particles. This material can provide a good binding agent for the used materials. Tyres are produced at 250 million units each year in Europe (www.specialchem4polymers.com, 2004) and nowadays, there are recycling companies that proceed to shredding of used tyres, obtaining separated materials such as crumbed rubber particles, steel fibres and textile fibres from the tyre beads and reinforcement. The textile fibres have applications for use in insulation materials or as fibre reinforcing in concrete products (www.wastebook.org, 2007). In this research work the recycled used tyres textile fibres were used with the objective of providing reinforcement for gypsum composites. The gypsum is a large used material in building construction by its diverse applications. However it is up till now a material with a lack of know-how, mainly at research level. The European production of extracted gypsum attained 21milions in 1996. The European industry
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Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019
Perlite and vermiculite are commonly used aggregates for lightweight gypsums, but they cause negative environmental impacts due to the high energy demand needed during their manufacture. Therefore, this paper studies the physical and mechanical behavior of lightweight gypsums using incorporating mixes of polystyrene wastes, both extruded (XPS) and expanded (EPS) polystyrene, in order to substitute perlite and vermiculite and achieve new materials complying with circular economy criteria. For this, and experimental plan was designed and 33 series of gypsums were prepared containing different percentages of EPS and XPS waste and also reference samples (with no additions). These samples were tested in the laboratory and the following tests were developed: dry density, superficial hardness, mechanical strengths and thermal behavior. A comparative analysis evidenced that it is viable to obtain lightweight gypsum when adding mixes of XPS and EPS waste. These gypsums containing polystyrenes comply with the current standards and have lower density than currently used lightweight gypsums and similar mechanical strengths.
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Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences, 2015
Aim: To evaluate if gypsum mixed with different water types, with their different compositions influence the dimensional change, surface roughness and compressive strength of type IV and V gypsum specimens. Methods: Sixty specimens were fabricated from metal matrices and divided into six groups (n=10) according to the used type of gypsum and water: G1, G2 and G3-type IV gypsum and tap, mineral and distilled water, respectively; G4, G5 and G6-type V gypsum and tap, mineral and distilled water, respectively. Water/powder ratio followed the manufacturer's recommendations (19 mL/100 g) in all groups. The same specimens were used for all tests. A micrometer dial evaluated the dimensional change. The surface roughness of three random points was determined with a rugosimeter; a universal testing machine performed the compressive strength test. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: There was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) between the three types of water in the studied variables. There was statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between the gypsum mixes for the dimensional change variable. Conclusions: The different water types, with their different compositions, did not influence the analyzed physical and mechanical properties.
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Gypsum is a mineral belonging to the group of sulfates, i.e., sulfuric acid, which is often found in Earth's crust. In this paper, two main types of gypsum, gypsum α and gypsum β, with different water content were prepared. Samples with and without polypropylene fibers, with different fiber content and different fiber lengths during preparation, produced in a gypsum factory located in the Debar region, North Macedonia, were studied. Physical properties such as density, porosity, water absorption capability and their kinetics, packing factor, hardening and others were examined using different methods. The main goal of this paper was the determination of mechanical properties of gypsum such as the compressive and flexure strength and the module of elasticity of the gypsum prisms. For the determination of elastic properties, the nondestructive method of ultrasound testing was used. In this test, the strength and quality of a prism is assessed by measuring the velocity of an ultraso...