Isolation of microsatellite markers from the Adonis blue butterfly (Lysandra bellargus) (original) (raw)
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Conservation Genetics Resources, 2012
We characterized 19 polymorphic microsatellite loci in the Neotropical butterfly Dione moneta. Based on the genotypes of 20 individuals from one population, we detected one to 13 alleles per locus, observed heterozygosities ranging from 0.00 to 0.80, and expected heterozygosities ranging from 0.23 to 0.88. Levels of variation were high, although heterozygosity deficiencies were found at most loci. The loci showed broad amplification success in a second population of D. m. moneta, in D. m. butleri, other species of the genus (D. juno juno and D. glycera) and the related species, Agraulis vanillae maculosa. These polymorphic markers should provide efficient tools to study population genetic structure of D. moneta and other closely related butterflies.
Characterization of 28 microsatellite loci for the butterfly Bicyclus anynana
Molecular Ecology Notes, 2005
We present 28 polymorphic microsatellite loci, including a sex-linked W-chromosome marker, for the Afrotropical butterfly, Bicyclus anynana . Our primary motivation to develop these markers was to apply them in quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping studies. A technique is also proposed that may be useful in avoiding redundant sequences which are common in lepidopteran-enriched libraries. Pedigree analysis was performed to test Mendelian segregation of the markers and to address the issue of null alleles.
2003
Five microsatellite DNA markers were isolated and used to quantify population genetic structure among a subset of UK populations of the Adonis blue (Polyommatus bellargus Rottemburg). Specifically, whether population size, degree of isolation or history of bottlenecking in 1976-1978 can explain current patterns of genetic variation. The butterfly is at its northern range limit in the UK, where it exists as a highly fragmented metapopulation on isolated pockets of calcareous grassland. Most populations were affected by a severe bottleneck in the late 1970s, when a drought caused the host plant (Hippocrepis comosa) to wilt. Mantel tests and spatial autocorrelation analysis indicated a significant effect of isolation by distance among the UK populations, a relationship that broke down at greater geographical scales (> 23.85 km), probably because of large areas of unsuitable habitat presenting barriers to gene flow. Similarly, AMOVA revealed that variation among geographical regions was almost double that observed within regions. Larger populations were found to support significantly higher levels of genetic diversity, suggesting that small populations may lose genetic diversity through drift. If, as in other butterfly species, low genetic diversity increases the probability of population extinction, then these populations are likely to be under threat. Neither isolation nor a history of bottlenecks appeared to influence genetic diversity. The results indicate that adequate population size a crucial factor in the conservation of genetic diversity in P. bellargus in the UK.
Characterization of microsatellite loci in neotropical Heliconius butterflies
Molecular Ecology Notes, 2002
The Heliconius butterflies offer exceptional opportunities for the study of the ecology and evolution of mimicry. Despite previous reports of difficulties in the development of microsatellite loci in Lepidoptera, we characterize 15 polymorphic loci in H. erato that show promise for genetic mapping and population studies in this and other species. Levels of variation were high, in both numbers and size ranges of alleles. The loci showed broad amplification success across the genus and in two other genera. All loci that amplified in a population of H. melpomene were polymorphic.
Conservation genetics of a threatened butterfly: comparison of allozymes, RAPDs and microsatellites
BMC Genetics, 2014
Background: Addressing genetic issues in the management of fragmented wild populations of threatened species is one of the most important challenges in conservation biology. Nowadays, a diverse array of molecular methods exists to assess genetic diversity and differentiation of wild populations such as allozymes, dominant markers and co-dominant markers. However it remains worthwhile i) to compare the genetic estimates obtained using those several markers in order to ii) test their relative utility, reliability and relevance and iii) the impact of these results for the design of species-specific conservation measures. Results: Following the successful isolation of 15 microsatellites loci for the cranberry fritillary butterfly, Boloria aquilonaris, we analyzed the genetic diversity and structure of eight populations located in four different landscapes, at both the regional and the landscape scales. We confront results based on microsatellites to those obtained using allozymes and RAPDs on the same samples. Genetic population analyses using different molecular markers indicate that the B. aquilonaris populations are characterized by a weak genetic variation, likely due to low effective population size and low dispersal at the regional scale. This results in inbreeding in some populations, which may have detrimental consequences on their long term viability. However, gene flow within landscape is limited but not inexistent, with some long range movements resulting in low or no isolation by distance. Spatial structuring was detected among the most isolated populations.
Molecular Ecology, 2004
Microsatellite flanking regions have been compared in two butterfly species. Several microsatellite flanking regions showed high similarity to one another among different microsatellites within a same species, but very few similarities were found between species. This can be the consequence of either duplication /multiplication events involving large regions containing microsatellites or of microsatellites imbedded in minisatellite regions. The multiplication of microsatellites might also be linked to mobile elements. Furthermore, crossing over between nonhomologous microsatellites can lead to the exchange of the flanking regions between microsatellites. The same phenomenon was observed in both studied butterfly species but not in Aphis fabae (Hemiptera), which was screened at the same time using the same protocol. These findings might explain, at least partially, why microsatellite isolation in Lepidoptera has been relatively unsuccessful so far.
The swamp metalmark, a riodinid butterfly of the Midwestern United States, is declining over most of its range. This paper describes microsatellite primers that can be used in this species to compare structure in native and restored populations. Primers for 9 polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed to compare population structure in native and restored populations. Primers were tested on 64 individuals. Allelic variation ranged between 2 and 9 alleles. Cross-species amplification was tested in 4 other species in the genus Calephelis.