Body Mass Index and Breast Cancer Risk among Thai Premenopausal Women: a Case-Control Study (original) (raw)
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Association between body mass index and risk of breast cancer among females of north India
South Asian Journal of Cancer, 2013
Background: Worldwide, breast cancer is most common cancer among women. In India and other developing countries, breast carcinoma ranks second only to cervical carcinoma among women. Although studies have been done globally, to find association between BMI and breast cancer, very few studies in India document any such association. Purpose: To find out the association between BMI and breast cancer. Materials and Methods: A Case-control study was done from August 2009-July 2010 in the wards of General Surgery and Oncosurgery at Pt.B.D.Sharma, PGIMS Rohtak, Haryana. A total of 128 histopathologically confirmed new cases of breast cancer during the study period were taken as cases. Equal number of controls was selected by simple random sampling. Controls were matched for age with range of ±2 years. Subjects were interviewed using a pretested questionnaire after obtaining written informed consent. Data were analyzed by applying appropriate statistical tests using SPSS version 17. Results: Age group of the cases was 25-78 years, while that of the controls was 24-79 years. Proportion of cases and controls living in rural areas were more than those living in urban areas. A significant association of breast cancer cases was found with high BMI and high fat intake Conclusion: Obesity and high fat intake are the significant risk factors, which are modifiable. So women should be encouraged to take care of all these factors. Maximum cases presented in late stages so public awareness of this fatal disease must be developed.
BMI and breast cancer Sohaib BMC women health
Body mass index and altered lipid profile as major risk markers for breast cancer progression: a cross-sectional study of postmenopausal women in Pakistan, 2024
Abstract Background In Pakistan, the death rate for post-menopausal women with breast cancer is significant due to late detection and delayed referral to proper facilities. There are a few reports on Pakistan’s epidemiology and breast cancer risk factors. There are modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors associated with the development of breast carcinoma; of which body mass index (BMI), central obesity, and lipid profile are considered as major risk markers. Methods This was a cross-sectional analytical study. A total of 384 women constituted the present study sample. Purposive sampling was used to collect 192 confirmed new breast cancer cases throughout the study. By using basic random sampling, an equal number of controls were chosen. Studied parameters included age, fasting blood sugar, cholesterol, triglyceride, serum high-density lipoprotein, cholesterol, serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, weight, height, BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio. The inclusion criteria of this study were post-menopausal women (45–65 years) in Pakistan. The confirmation of breast carcinoma was done through histopathology. Breast cancer occurrence was taken as a dependent variable, whereas BMI, central obesity, and lipid profile were taken as independent variables. Results Studied risk factors (cholesterol, BMI, and central obesity) significantly correlated with breast cancer. Cholesterol has a significantly high positive correlation (0.646) with breast cancer. BMI has a positive significant correlation (0.491) with breast cancer, and central obesity has a low but positive significant correlation (0.266) with breast cancer. Moreover, the binary logistic regression model also showed a significant association between biochemical factors and breast cancer occurrence. Regression analysis depicted a linear relationship between a dependent variable (breast cancer occurrence) and independent variables (central obesity, cholesterol, BMI). Conclusion Postmenopausal overweight (central obesity), increased BMI and high cholesterol levels are major risk factors for breast cancer. Moreover, high total cholesterol proved to be the most significant risk marker for the occurrence of breast cancer in post-menopausal women of Pakistan.
Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2022
Obesity is a major health hazard not only for developed countries but also for Bangladesh and it is an established risk factor of breast cancer. In our country there is a scarcity of studies on the associations of BMI and different features of breast tumour. This study was aimed to evaluate the associations of BMI with molecular sub-types, clinical and pathological characteristics of breast cancer in Bangladeshi women. This cross sectional descriptive type of observational study was conducted in National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital (NICRH), Mohakhali, Dhaka from September, 2019 to August, 2020. A total of 90 patients with breast cancer were selected purposively according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. An informed consent was sought from the patient to take part is this study. Detail history taking thorough physical examination was done along with relevant investigations. Data were collected by semi structured questionnaire and analysis was done with the help of Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), version 21.0. Mean age of the respondents was 41.17 years with a standard deviation of ±8.79 and a range of 24-65 years. Of all, ninety percent patients were housewives and 52.2% belonged to upper middle socio-economic class. About 66.7% patients were pre-menopausal and 33.3% were post-menopausal. The mean BMI of respondents was 25.89(±4.67) kg/m2 and among them 51.1% were obese, 23.3% were overweight and 20.0% had normal weight. No association between BMI and vii molecular subtypes of breast cancer were noted (p>0.05). No association between BMI and hormone receptor status of breast cancer was found. Association with tumor size, axillary lymph nodes, tumor grade and lymphovascular space invasion were also not significant (p>0.05). No association between BMI and molecular subtypes, clinical and pathological features of breast cancer were noted both in pre and post-menopausal groups. This study found no association between BMI and different features of tumor, which could be attributed to small sample size, absence of control and a single centered study. However, further extensive study is recommended. Keywords: Body mass index, Molecular sub-types, Clinical and pathological features, Breast cancer, Bangladeshi women.
Body Mass Index and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in Iran
International Journal of Cancer Management, 2017
Background: Various studies in Iran on the role of BMI higher than normal (BMI ≥25) on breast cancer have reported different results. Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to estimate the odds ratio of overweightness and obesity as risk factors of breast cancer in studies conducted in Iran. Evidence Acquisition: The following main databases were searched from 2004 to 2014 to find related articles: PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus and Iranian databases (SID and Magiran), breast cancer conferences held in Iran, key journals, and the references of the selected articles. Keywords were: Cancer, Tumor, Neoplasm, Neoplasia, Carcinoma, Malignancy, Malignant, Benign. The combination with OR and added it to search field with AND to words such as Iran and breast was used as the search strategy. The observational studies (cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional) in Iran that had reported the relation between BMI and breast cancer in Persian and English were searched. There were no limitations in terms of age, race, ethnicity, and marital status for women. The exposure was BMI ≥ 25 (overweight and obese) and the outcome was breast cancer with pathological confirmation. Two reviewers separately used the STROBE checklist for quality assessment, critically appraised papers and extract the data. The overall estimate was the odds ratio. Results: Of 4396 studies, after evaluation of heterogeneity, 7 case-control studies with a sample size of 33552 were included in the meta-analysis. A significant relation was observed between obesity (OR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.24-2.64) and odds of breast cancer. A significant relation was also observed between overweightness and odds of breast cancer (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.13-1.89). Conclusions: Meta-analysis results showed a significant relation between obesity and overweight with risk of breast cancer in Iranian women. We recommended Iranian women to be aware of the effect of weight on breast cancer and encouraged them to decrease their weight via physical activity and diet control.
Association between Weight, Body Mass Index, and Breast Cancer Stage in Iranian Women
Introduction: Breast cancer is a type of cancer developed in the breast organ. Breast cancer occurs when breast tissue cells get out of the control of the cell cycle checkpoints and proliferate abnormally. Breast cancer rates are rising in developing Asian countries, especially Iran. Identifying people with early-stage breast cancer is of great importance, as it can prevent death. Materials & Methods: Data were extracted on the variables of height, weight, breast cancer stage, and body mass index (BMI) related to 109 female patients under treatment for breast cancer who had visited Namazi hospital, Shiraz, during the early stages of the symptoms between the years 2017-2019. In this study, the ANOVA test was used to compare the mean BMI scores at different breast cancer stages. Results: Our results showed a significant difference between mean BMI and breast cancer stage. As the stage of breast cancer in patients increased, the BMI increased as well. Entering advanced stages of breast cancer greatly increased the BMI. Age had no effect on the increase or decrease of BMI. Individuals with BMIs above 30 had stages 3 and 4 of breast cancer (P≤0.5). Discussion: Increased BMI and obesity are prognostic factors for advanced breast cancer stages and the mortality resulting from it. Therefore, early detection of the disease is an essential factor for prevention.
BMC women's health, 2024
Background In Pakistan, the death rate for post-menopausal women with breast cancer is significant due to late detection and delayed referral to proper facilities. There are a few reports on Pakistan's epidemiology and breast cancer risk factors. There are modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors associated with the development of breast carcinoma; of which body mass index (BMI), central obesity, and lipid profile are considered as major risk markers. Methods This was a cross-sectional analytical study. A total of 384 women constituted the present study sample. Purposive sampling was used to collect 192 confirmed new breast cancer cases throughout the study. By using basic random sampling, an equal number of controls were chosen. Studied parameters included age, fasting blood sugar, cholesterol, triglyceride, serum high-density lipoprotein, cholesterol, serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, weight, height, BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio. The inclusion criteria of this study were post-menopausal women (45-65 years) in Pakistan. The confirmation of breast carcinoma was done through histopathology. Breast cancer occurrence was taken as a dependent variable, whereas BMI, central obesity, and lipid profile were taken as independent variables. Results Studied risk factors (cholesterol, BMI, and central obesity) significantly correlated with breast cancer. Cholesterol has a significantly high positive correlation (0.646) with breast cancer. BMI has a positive significant correlation (0.491) with breast cancer, and central obesity has a low but positive significant correlation (0.266) with breast cancer. Moreover, the binary logistic regression model also showed a significant association between biochemical factors and breast cancer occurrence. Regression analysis depicted a linear relationship between a dependent variable (breast cancer occurrence) and independent variables (central obesity, cholesterol, BMI). Conclusion Postmenopausal overweight (central obesity), increased BMI and high cholesterol levels are major risk factors for breast cancer. Moreover, high total cholesterol proved to be the most significant risk marker for the occurrence of breast cancer in post-menopausal women of Pakistan.
Breast Cancer, 2015
Objective-Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality among women in the developed world. This study assessed the association between occurrence of breast cancer and Body Mass Index (BMI) change from age 25 to age closest to breast cancer diagnosis while exploring the modifying effects of demographic variables. Methods-The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data were used. Women included were ≥50 years, not pregnant and without a diagnosis of any cancer but breast. The total sample included 2,895 women (172 with breast cancer and 2,723 controls with no breast cancer diagnosis). Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the OR and 95% CI's and interaction evaluated by including an interaction term in the model. Results-Women whose BMI increased from normal or overweight to obese compared to those who remained at a normal BMI were found to have a 2 times higher odds (OR=2.1; 95% CI: 1.11-3.79) of developing breast cancer. No significant association was observed for women who increased to overweight. However, a more pronounced association was observed in non-Hispanic black women (OR=6.6; 95% CI: 1.68-25.86) and a significant association observed when they increased from normal to overweight (OR=4.2; 95% CI: 1.02-17.75). Conclusions-Becoming obese after age 25 is associated with increased risk of breast cancer in women over 50 years old, with non-Hispanic black women being at greatest risk.
Correlation Between Body Mass Index and Breast Cancer Case in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital
World Journal Of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2023
Data of World Health Organization (WHO) 2014 stated that breast cancer ranks first in terms of the highest number of cancer incidence in Indonesia and is one of the leading causes of cancer death. Factors commonly associated with increased rates of breast cancer in general include gender, genetics, age, medical history, family history, unhealthy lifestyles such as obesity and smoking. If modifiable risk factors are corrected, the situation can be improved. This study focuses on the relation between body mass index (BMI) and breast cancer case in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital. The objective of this study is to determine the correlation between body mass index and breast cancer case in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital. This study uses case control design with secondary data from medical records. The sampling was calculated using Open-Epi website. The research sample used was 118 subjects, consisting of 59 breast cancer patients and 59 of normal people. As a result, out of a total of 59 respondents with breast cancer, there were 4 people (6.8%) had underweight BMI, 18 people (30.5%) had normal weight BMI, 30 people (50.8%) had overweight BMI, and 7 people (11.9%) had obese BMI. Meanwhile in normal people respondents there were 1 person (1.7%) had underweight BMI, 33 people (55.9.5) had normal weight BMI, 19 people (32.2%) had overweight BMI, and 6 people (10.2%) had obese BMI. This research concluded that there was a correlation between body mass index (BMI) and breast cancer case in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital.