Design and Implementation of Ultra-Wide Band Antenna for Partial Discharge Detection in High Voltage Power Equipment (original) (raw)
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Application of Ultra-Wideband Double Layer Printed Antenna for Partial Discharge Detection
Proceeding of the Electrical Engineering Computer Science and Informatics
Partial discharge (PD) is a local electrification phenomenon that partially connects insulation between the conductors and occurs either on the surface of the conductor or inside the insulation (void). During the PD there are several phenomena that accompany the occurrence of PD, such as impulse currents, heat radiation, electromagnetic waves, mechanical waves and chemical processes. This phenomenon is detected and measured to know the existence of PD. One of the PD measurements is ultra high frequency (UHF) method, by measuring the waves generated by PD using antenna. One of antenna having good characteristics is UWB double layer printed antenna. In this paper the application of ultra-wideband double layer printed antenna for partial discharge detection is reported. The application of antenna on PD measurement, shows that the antenna is able to detect PD. The characteristics of PD: PDIV, PDEV, PD waveform are measured using this antenna. Ultra-wideband (UWB) double layer printed antenna is an antenna developed from a square microstrip antenna with symmetrical Tshaped tethering. The proposed antenna is implemented on Epoxy FR-4 substrate with permittivity of 4.3, thickness of 1.6mm, and 72.8mm x 60.0mm in size. The VNA testing of the antenna shows that the antenna bandwidth is from 50MHz to 2.30GHz. The measured results of PD wave are PDIV, PD waveform and PDEV.
IEEE Access
This article presents a design of ultra-high frequency (UHF), ultra-wide band (UWB) antenna used for partial discharge (PD) detection on high voltage and medium voltage power system equipment. The proposed UHF antenna has a working frequency band of 1.2GHz-4.5GHz, covering a total bandwidth of 3.3GHz with a return loss of less than-10dB in the entire antenna's operating frequency. The computer simulation technology (CST) Microwave Studio software was used to design, simulate and optimize the proposed antenna. Upon simulation and optimization process, the antenna prototype was fabricated on the FR-4 substrate of 1.6 mm thickness and dielectric permittivity of 4.4. This antenna has a compact size of 100mm × 100mm.The radiating patch and the ground plane of this antenna are made of annealed copper whose thickness is 0.035mm. The simulations and measurement results for the proposed antenna are in a good agreement, and the return loss of this antenna is less than −10dB with voltage standing wave ratio, VSWR, < 2 within the frequency range of interest. The proposed antenna performance in PD sensing is compared with a commercial high-frequency current transformer, HFCT. To validate the sensitivity performance of the designed antenna, experimental PD measurements were carried out by using an epoxy slab inserted between two parallel plates electrode model, in order to generate surface discharge on the insulator, and using a needle-plate electrode configuration to generate corona discharge in transformer oil. Based on PD measurement results, it was shown that the designed antenna has a high sensitivity, which make it a suitable candidate for UHF partial discharge monitoring on high voltage and medium voltage power assets. INDEX TERMS Surface discharge, corona discharge, UHF antenna, HFCT, UHF PD monitoring.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2015
Detecting partial discharge (PD) is an effective way to evaluate the condition of high-voltage electrical equipment insulation. The UHF detection method has attracted attention due to its high sensitivity, strong interference resistance, and ability to locate PDs. In this paper, a miniaturized equiangular spiral antenna (ESA) for UHF detection that uses a printed circuit board is proposed. I-shaped, L-shaped, and C-shaped microstrip baluns were designed to match the impedance between the ESA and coaxial cable and were verified by a vector network analyzer. For comparison, three other types of UHF antenna were also designed: A microstrip patch antenna, a microstrip slot antenna, and a printed dipole antenna. Their antenna factors were calibrated in a uniform electric field of different frequencies modulated in a gigahertz transverse electromagnetic cell. We performed comparison experiments on PD signal detection using an artificial defect model based on the international IEC 60270 st...
Wideband UHF Antenna for Partial Discharge Detection
Applied Sciences, 2020
This paper presents a ultra-high frequency (UHF) antenna for partial discharge (PD) detection and the antenna sensor can be used near a conducting ground wire. The proposed UHF antenna has advantages of easy setup and higher-frequency detection over the high-frequency current transformer (HFCT) sensor. First, a variety of loop-shaped antennas are designed to compare each near field coupling capability. Then, a new UHF antenna is designed based on the loop-shaped antenna, which has the best near field coupling capability. Finally, the proposed UHF antenna is fabricated and measured. It provides a wide impedance bandwidth of 760 MHz (740–1500 MHz). Its simple setup configuration and wide bandwidth frequency response in the UHF band can provide a more efficient means for PD detection.
Partial discharge (PD) can be detected using ultra high frequency (UHF) method to increase the detection threshold and to improve the performance of on-line measurement of PD in noise environment. The PD emitted energy as electromagnetic emission, acoustic emission and ozone and nitrous oxide gases. We can use this emitted energy to detected PD signal. The best method to detect PD in gas insulate substation, power cable and transformer is by using UHF electromagnetic wave. UHF method have advantages such as high sensitivity, a good signal –to- noise ratio (SNR). On the other hand, there are still some issues to be solved in the UHF methods, such as a clear understanding of the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves arising from the structure of the equipment, optimization of antenna design and calibration of charge. Furthermore, in on-site measurements and laboratory experiments it has been that UHF method gives avery moderate signal attenuations. In this paper, a review on UHF PD sensor connected at extra high voltage-termination of cables, UHF PD signals in a 132 kV gas insulated substation (GIS) transformer are described. Results from the measurement show that this method can give the precise value of PD signal
Enhanced bowtie UHF antenna for detecting partial discharge in gas insulated substation
2013 48th International Universities' Power Engineering Conference (UPEC), 2013
UHF method to detect partial discharge (PD) phenomenon has been proven to be an effective way. Many types of UHF antenna have been developed in order to achieve a better sensitivity and accuracy in certain bandwidth (300 MHz -3.0 GHz) for detecting the ultra-high frequencies generated by partial discharge. Bowtie antenna is proven to be sensitive, accurate and easily designed and fabricated. This paper focuses on the enhancement of bowtie antenna to achieve better performance in detecting partial discharge using UHF method.
Development of Loop Antennas for Partial Discharge Detection
International Journal on Electrical Engineering and Informatics, 2015
This paper discusses the development of loop antenna to detect partial discharge (PD). The loop antenna is designed to measure PD induced EM wave in the frequency up to 100 MHz. The form, the circumference, the number of rounds of loop antenna affect the frequency response of the antenna. In the design, the circumference of a loop antenna is set to be a tenth of a wavelength of PD induced EM wave. The conductor wire length of loop antenna is set to be 30 cm to achieve 100 MHz bandwidth. Various forms of the loop antenna: circle, square, and triangle have been designed and implemented. The designed loop antennas were applied to measure PD in high voltage laboratory. The needle-plate electrodes in air is used as a PD source. The test results showed that the new designed loop antennas were able to detect and measure PD. PD induced EM wave waveform and pattern were measured. The effect of distance between PD source and the antennas was observed. The sensitivity of the circle loop antenna is the best among the new designed loop antennas.
A t-shaped partial ground microstrip patch antenna based UHF sensor for partial discharge detection
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2020
Continuous partial discharge (PD) monitoring and early PD detection is important in making sure the necessary preventative measures can be taken accordingly. This paper proposed a T-shaped partial ground microstrip patch antenna that is able to detect PD signal within the UHF range. The antenna was designed and simulated using CST Microwave Studio. The antenna was then fabricated using FR4 substrate material and tested for reception test. The simulation results and the analysis from the fabricated antenna confirmed that the proposed antenna able to detect PD signal at UHF range (specifically at about 500 MHz) and fulfilled the design requirements in terms of the return loss, VSWR, bandwidth and gain. Reception test had confirmed that the proposed antenna was able to detect PD signals that are located at maximum distance, ranges from 37 cm to 70 cm (depending on the PD signal strength). The proposed antenna also had succesfully detected PD occurances at 300 MHz to 700 MHz. In conclus...