Water Stress Affects the Some Morpho-Physiological Traits of Twenty Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes under Field Condition (original) (raw)
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Response of Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to Induced Water Stress at Critical Growth Stages
Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 2015
Th extent of yield reduction with water defiit depends not only on the magnitude of water defiit but also on the stage of plant growth at which it develops. A pot study was conducted during 2011-12 at College of Agriculture, Dera Ghazi Khan, to assess the effct of induced water stress on performance of diffrent wheat varieties at critical growth stages. Thee wheat varieties viz. Faisalabad-2008, Lasani-2008 and Kohistan-97 were manually sown in polythene lined pots. Five water stress treatments were created by withholding the irrigation for specifid time at critical growth stages viz. tillering, booting, anthesis and milking (grain filing), whereas a well-watered treatment was also included during whole plant growth and development period. Th results showed that water stress signifiantly reduced plant height, number of total tillers per plant, number of fertile tillers per plant, number of nodes per plant, spikelet per spike, number of grains per spike, 100-grain weight and dry matter per plant as compared with control. Wheat genotype Faisal-2008 exhibited comparatively more drought tolerance with less decrease in growth rate (18.70%); total dry matter (26.94%), 100-grain weight (23.45%) and grain yield (21.50%) as compared with all other treatments. It was concluded that water stress induced at grain filing stage showed a signifiant impact on wheat growth as compared with other growth stage stresses. Regarding genotypes, Faisal-2008 was least affcted by water stress than other varieties.
Influence of Water Stress on Some Physiological Traits of Five Wheat (Triticum spp.) Cultivars.
This study was conducted in the plastic house of Grdarasha to investigate the effect of five levels of water stress (15%, 25%, 45%, 65%, 85%) depletion from field capacity on some physiological traits of five wheat cultivars (Rizgari, Aras, Adana, and Cham6) bread wheat while CIMMYT cultivar as durum wheat with three replications in a completely randomized factorial design. Results indicated significant effect of water stress levels, wheat cultivars and the combination of both factors on plant height, flag leaf area, number of spikelets.spike-1, spike length, number of seeds.spike-1, yield.plant-1, biological yield, harvest index, and thousand seeds weight. Meanwhile soluble carbohydrates and proline where increased significantly with increasing water stress levels, also it caused significant effect on nitrogen, phosphor and potassium. Using drought indices it was elucidated that studied cultivars could be arranged form most drought resistant to less drought resistant as cultivars of Aras, Rizgari, Cham6, Adana and CIMMYT which could be sown in Kurdistan region under drought environments.
2021
(2021). Morpho-physiological responses in wheat (Triticum aestivum L) influenced by normal and water stress conditions. Abstract Drought is a disaster around the world accumulating salt and erosion in lands. Presently, a research was conducted to determine the mor-pho-physiological response in bread wheat under normal and stress irrigations. This experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Hyderabad, Pakistan, for two consecutive years during the Rabi season of the year 2011-12 and 2012-13. Stress was imposed by withholding irrigations at three different growth stages of the plant, i.e. T1: normal irrigations applied, T2: stress at tillering stage, and T3: stress at the booting stage. The progenies Sarsabz x Khirman and Sarsabz x TD-1 contributed the highest heritability% (81.0% and 85.5%) for osmotic potential (-MPa) at stress at booting stage. For grain yield spike-1 (g), the progeny Kiran-95 x Khirman showed maximum heritability as 84.37 in T3. However, the progeny TD-1 x Imdad proved to be the best combiner progeny indicating highest heritability percentage (91.0%) among the progenies for grain yield at booting stress.
Growth and Yield Performance of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to under Water Stress Conditions
Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal
Background: Drought is one of the most important abiotic factors that limit the growth and development of plants all over the world. In Ethiopia, wheat is the second most important crop and occupies third in total production in the African countries. Low productivity as compared to the national production scale is due to water stress. The present work aimed to study the effect of water stress on the growth and yield performance of wheat.Methods: The experiment was conducted in an exceeding greenhouse at East Gojjam Zone, Debre Markos University in 2017-2018 to assess the effects of wheat to water stress applied at different growth stages. The experiment comprised of two water stress treatments, maintained by withholding water at tillering, anthesis and at each stage. Different growth and yield performance data were collected and analyzed by SAS software.Result: Water stress caused a reduction in leaf relative water contents, water potential, osmotic potential, turgor potential, grow...
Different Degree of Drought Stress Affects Morpho-Reproductive Growth in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L)
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2019
Experiment was carried out to study the impact of induced water stress at different crop developmental stages for morpho-reproductive growth characters in two wheat cultivars at experimental area of Division of Bio chemistry and Physiology SKUAST J, in 2013. The experiment was laid out with two wheat varieties i.e., PBW-343 and RSP-81 with 04 water stress levels. T1 (without withholding of water), T2 (10 days withholding of water [WOW]), T3 (15 days WOW) and T4 (20 days WOW) were applied. Increased water stress significantly reduced the plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area per plant, fresh and dry weight of leaves, stem and roots per plant, number of tillers per plant, number of fertile tillers per plant and number of unfertile tillers per plant in both wheat varieties. About 39.86 and 26.19% reduction in plant height was noticed at 20 days withholding of water in variety PBW-343 and RSP-81, respectively as compared to control. Number of leaves per plant was reduced by 50 and 14.28% at highest drought condition in variety PBW-343 and RSP-81 respectively in comparison to control. Likewise, leaf area also reduced by 22.11 and 21.33% in variety PBW-343 and RSP-81, respectively. Fresh weight of leaf decreased by 75 and 76.15 % in variety PBW-343 and RSP-81, respectively in comparison to control at 20 days WOW. Same trend was noticed in fresh weight of stem and roots per plants. Dry weight of leaves per plant significantly decreased by 67.24 and 63.88% at highest duration of drought stress in variety PBW-343 and RSP-81 respectively in comparison to control. Likewise dry weight of stem per plant also reduced by (53.69 and 72.18%) and roots per plant (29.41 and 15.38%) in comparison to control. Number of unproductive tillers increased by 50% in variety PBW-343 and number increased in drought resistant variety RSP-81 with regard to control whereas number of productive tillers is reduced by 71.42 and 33.33% in variety PBW-343 and RSP-81, respectively in comparison to control at 20 days WOW. Besides reduction in these parameters, RSP-81 showed some resistance to water stress as compared to PBW-343. Besides reduction in these parameters, RSP-81 showed some resistance to water limiting condition as compared to PBW-343.
Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 1999
Physiological response of six wheat genotypes to Water defibit conditions was studied. Leaf water potential (LWP) and relative leaf water content (RLWC) were used to asses the influence of water stress at four leaf, heading, anthesis and senescence stages. Different stages of plant appeared to be negatively correlated with LWP because with growing age, LWP became more negative. The treatment effects dr, LWP at different stages of plant were significantly different, maximum value was recorded for full irrigation folloWed by gradual decrease in one-half and one-fourth irrigation. Genotypes appeared to differ significantly at anthesis only Unlike LWP, treatments as well as genotypic differences for RLWC at heading and anthesis were significan i Among the genotypes, Barani-83 and Khushal-69 maintained higher LWP at anthesis, may be due to having drought avoidance potential, as their yield was comparatively less affected by external water stress. Sonalika and PR-33 appeared to tolerate lower LWP to produce reasonable yield hence can be regarded drought tolerant.
The present studies were carried out at the experimental farm of Nuclear Institute of Agriculture (NIA), Tando Jam, Pakistan during wheat growing season 2012-13, to determine the effects of water stress on various Phenological and morphological traits associated with the grain and biomass yield. Twenty newly evolved wheat genotypes developed through conventional breeding at Nuclear Institute of Agriculture Tando Jam were evaluated along with four local varieties (Sarsabz, Khirman, TD-1 and Chakwal-86) under various water stress regimes in field conditions. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. Results revealed highly significant differences among genotypes, treatments and genotype x treatment interaction for different traits viz., days to 75% booting, grain filling period, days to 75% maturity, tillers plant-1, plant height and peduncle length. Furthermore, significant decrease was observed in days to booting, days to 75% maturity, tillers plant-1 at T1 (66.8, 45.2, 123.4) as compared toT2 (67.5, 48.1, 126.1) respectively. The maximum number of tillers.m-2 and plant height were exhibited by line IBWSN-078- 1174. Cultivar Khirman produced longer peduncle (30.9 cm), while TD-1 and Chakwal-86 took minimum number of days for 75% booting and grain filling (59.6 and 36.8) respectively. The genotype IBWSN-078-1078 matured earlier among all genotypes in 118.11 days.
Interactive effect of sowing and water stress on rate of LAI and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2021
Understanding the behavior of crops under interactive effect of different abiotic stresses is the need of hour. Present study aimed to examine the interactive effect of late planting and deficit irrigation on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and development in semi-arid environment. The field experimentation with two planting dates and three levels of irrigation was conducted during rabi 2015-16 and 2016-17. The results showed that response of water stress on wheat growth and development behaved in similar manner as of that in late planting. The reduction in LAI, biomass, yield and yield attributes was observed under independent effect of water stress as well as late planting with varied magnitude. Noticeably, late sowing had large influence on rate of LAI change in the order of 20% and 47% in greening and senescence phase, respectively than deficit irrigation. The slowdown of LAI change in greening phase is also associated with faster senescence in late phase of crop growth. However, the additive effect was observed under combined water deficit and late planting conditions. It may be concluded that the coexistence of limited water availability and late planting is most detrimental to wheat growth and development ultimately on crop yields in semiarid environment. Therefore, suitable agronomic and breeding strategies must be devised to mitigate the hampering effect of combined reduced water availability and late planting conditions.
2014
Drought is one of the crucial factors simultaneously deteriorating the wheat yield. To determine the effects of stress,inheritance studiesrevealed a predominant role in screening out drought tolerant genotypes. Presently, six F2 segregating progenies were exposed to instant drought by withholding irrigations at different growth stages (tillering and booting) of wheat. Significant reduction was observed in different traits during stress. However, some of the progeniesperformed well in such circumstances. The progenies TD-1 x Imdad, TJ-83 ×Khirman, Sarsabz× TJ-83 and Sarsabz× Khirman for the traits plant height (cm), number of tillersm -2 , spike length (cm), grains spike -1 , grain yield kg ha -1 elaborated high heritability during tilleringstress. While at booting stress the hybrids TD-1 × Imdad, Sarsabz× TD-1, and Sarsabz× TJ-83 contributed maximum heritability for plant height, number of tillers m -2 , spikelets spike -1 , grain spike -1 and spike length (cm).
As water deficit is the major constrained for agriculture crop production, germination potentials of twenty six wheat genotypes were assessed under various drought stress levels while six genotypes were evaluated for drought tolerance potential through growth and physiological studies at early seedling stage. The experimental layout was comprised of three drought treatments in completely randomized pattern with three replicates under controlled conditions. Drought stress was induced through polyethylene glycol-6000 solutions by maintaining three osmotic potentials (-0.5MPa,-0.75MPa and-1.0MPa) in water culture medium while 1/4 th Hoagland's solution with zero osmotic potential was applied as control. Germination rate, seedling's growth and photosynthesis were declined with increased levels of water deficiency. Seedling length, fresh and dry biomasses of root and shoot, and photosynthetic pigments executed more reduction at higher water deficit conditions. However, genotype TD-1 followed by ESW-9525 and IBWSN-1010 showed better performance with minimum reduction in seedling's length and biomasses at-0.75MPa and-1.0MPa osmotic stress. TD-1 exhibited least reduction (15.26%) in chlorophyll pigments and enhanced accumulation of K + ions at highest osmotic stress level. Maximum K + /Ca 2+ ratio was determined in ESW-9525 and TD-1 which is the tolerance trait. Hence, TD-1 and ESW-9525 have more drought stress tolerance capacity as compare to other genotypes.