Biorational insecticides in pest management (original) (raw)
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Biorational Pesticides: An alternate Alternative to Pest Control
Indian Farmer Magazine, 2020
Global agriculture is currently challenged to provide increasing supplies of food for a growing population due to the changing trends of insect attacks and climatic conditions. There is overwhelming evidence that the use of chemical pesticides have created many other serious problems like ecological backlashes in pest species, environmental pollution and degradation, threat to biodiversity conservation, loss of beneficial fauna (predators, parasites, pollinators etc) and human beings in particular. Keeping in view, the new generation of pesticides have attracted attention in pest management in recent years, Biorational pesticides as “third-generation pesticides” are derived from some natural source and impose minimum or no adversarial threats on the environment or beneficial organisms. Some examples of biorational pesticides are the microbial pesticide Bacillus thuringiensis (Kurstaki), neonicotinoids, avermectins, phenlpyrazoles, spinosyns, pyrroles, oxadiazines and various groups of insect growth regulators. With a narrower target range of pests, they also tend to have a more specific mode of action. This new class of pesticides are often designed to control a pest population to a manageable level rather than completely eradicate a target pest. These products have great potential for replacing the persistent conventional insecticides, confirming effective cost-benefit ratio, tackling ecological backlashes and ensuring food security with safe environment. The field of biorational pesticides is deep; consequently they are a source of both optimism and concern. However, these bio-products are not only winning the reliability of the market and end user; but also demonstrating their worth and potential in sustainable integrated pest management (IPM) program.
Biorational Pesticides: An Envirosafe Alternative to Pest Control
Indian Farmer Magazine ( 2394-1227), 2020
Global agriculture is currently challenged to provide increasing supplies of food for a growing population due to the changing trends of insect attacks and climatic conditions. There is overwhelming evidence that the use of chemical pesticides have created many other serious problems like ecological backlashes in pest species, environmental pollution and degradation, threat to biodiversity conservation, loss of beneficial fauna (predators, parasites, pollinators etc) and human beings in particular. Keeping in view, the new generation of pesticides have attracted attention in pest management in recent years, Biorational pesticides as “third-generation pesticides” are derived from some natural source and impose minimum or no adversarial threats on the environment or beneficial organisms. Some examples of biorational pesticides are the microbial pesticide Bacillus thuringiensis (Kurstaki), neonicotinoids, avermectins, phenlpyrazoles, spinosyns, pyrroles, oxadiazines and various groups of insect growth regulators. With a narrower target range of pests, they also tend to have a more specific mode of action. This new class of pesticides are often designed to control a pest population to a manageable level rather than completely eradicate a target pest. These products have great potential for replacing the persistent conventional insecticides, confirming effective cost-benefit ratio, tackling ecological backlashes and ensuring food security with safe environment. The field of biorational pesticides is deep; consequently they are a source of both optimism and concern. However, these bio-products are not only winning the reliability of the market and end user; but also demonstrating their worth and potential in sustainable integrated pest management (IPM) program.
Biopesticides and Biological Control Methods: Natural Allies in Pest Management
Kripa-Drishti Publications, 2024
Crops are mostly associated with one or more insect pest. Plants can tolerate them up to a certain point, beyond which intervention of management methods is necessary. Management strategies could be many but as chemical methods proved to be the most promising one because of their quick action, also accounts for several undesirable sideeffects along with it. In a developing country like India, where a vast diversity of crop is being grown has become a centre for insecticides residues problems. The conventional chemicals account for about one third to one half of the total mean of the input costs required for growing various crops. After realizing this, as an alternative the bio-pesticides and the biological control methods were adopted which proved to be natural allies for pest management in an unconventional way with their multiple mode of actions. Possessing huge positive characteristics and potential against exotic pests, have made these two methods more acceptable. In IPM integration of biopesticides along with biocontrol agents has led a sustainable way for management of some major insect pest which has been discussed here.
Plant Science Today (PST; eISSN: 2348-1900), 2023
Biological pesticides are pesticides derived from natural materials such as bacteria, plants, and minerals that are applied to crops to kill pests. Biopesticides are targeted, inexpensive, eco-friendly, sustainable, leave no trace, and are not associated with the production of greenhouse gases. It contributes significantly to the agricultural bio-economy's sustainability. The advantages to the ecosystem provided by many significant biological resources justify the incorporation of biopesticides in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs. Through advancements in research and development, the use of biopesticides has significantly reduced environmental contamination. The development of biopesticides promotes agricultural modernization and will surely result in a gradual phase-out of chemical pesticides. Although synthetic pesticides have positive effects on crop yield and productivity, they also have some negative impacts on soil biodiversity, animals, aquatic life, and humans. In general, synthetic pesticides make the soil brittle, decrease soil respiration, and reduce the activity of some soil microorganisms, such as earthworms. Pesticide buildup in bodies of water can spread from aquatic life to animals including people, as their biomagnification can cause fatal diseases like cancer, kidney disease, rashes on the skin, diabetes, etc. Biopesticides, on the other hand, have surfaced and have proven to be quite beneficial in the management of pests and are safe for the environment and hence have emerged as very useful in the control of pests with a lot of merits. The present review provides a broad perspective on the different kinds of pesticides. We analyzed suitable and environmentally friendly ways to improve the acceptance and industrial application of microbial herbicides, phytopesticides, and nano biopesticides for plant nutrition, crop protection/ yield, animal/human health promotion, as well as their potential integration into the integrated pest management system.
Microbial Bio-Pesticides and Their Use in Integrated Pest Management
Crop pest management in agriculture is important to safeguard crop yield and increase productivity. The need for sustainable and eco-friendly pest management practices is strongly felt with the increasing awareness of the harmful effects of the synthetic insecticides on the non-target organisms, humans and the environment. The demand for bio-pesticides is rising steadily in all parts of the world. Therefore, the current study was carried out with the objectives to review, note and have the know-how all about microbial bio-pesticides and their use in pest management program. When used in integrated pest management systems, bio-pesticides efficacy can be equal to or better than conventional products, especially for crops like fruits, vegetables, nuts and flowers. Microbial bio-pesticides can be smart inputs and components in integrated pest management program. By combining performance and safety, they perform efficaciously while providing the flexibility of minimum application restrictions, superior residue and resistance management potential, and human and environmental safety benefits. It is very likely that in future their role will be more significant in agriculture and forestry. Bio-pesticides clearly have a potential role to play in development of future integrated pest management strategies hopefully, more rational approach will be gradually adopted towards bio-pesticides including microbial bio-pesticides in the near future and short-term profits from chemical pesticides will not determine the fate of bio-pesticides.
The development, regulation and use of biopesticides for integrated pest management
Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences
Over the past 50 years, crop protection has relied heavily on synthetic chemical pesticides, but their availability is now declining as a result of new legislation and the evolution of resistance in pest populations. Therefore, alternative pest management tactics are needed. Biopesticides are pest management agents based on living micro-organisms or natural products. They have proven potential for pest management and they are being used across the world. However, they are regulated by systems designed originally for chemical pesticides that have created market entry barriers by imposing burdensome costs on the biopesticide industry. There are also significant technical barriers to making biopesticides more effective. In the European Union, a greater emphasis on Integrated Pest Management (IPM) as part of agricultural policy may lead to innovations in the way that biopesticides are regulated. There are also new opportunities for developing biopesticides in IPM by combining ecological...
Current Status and Recent Developments in Biopesticide Use
Agriculture
Biopesticides have attracted attention in pest management in recent decades, and have long been promoted as prospective alternatives to synthetic pesticides. Biopesticides have also attracted great interest in the international research community, with a significant increase in the number of publications devoted to the subject. Recently, new substances, like strains of the fungus Talaromyces flavus SAY-Y-94-01, extracts of the plant Clitoria ternatea (butterfly pea), products of the fungus Trichoderma harzianum, products of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionis strain Xd3 (Btt-Xd3), the alkaloid compound oxymatrine, fermentation products of the bacterium Lactobacillus casei strain LPT-111, stilbenes accumulated in grape canes, and olive mill wastes, have been reported in the literature as promising compounds for use as biopesticides, but more field research is required to assess the effects on specific pest problems under diverse cropping systems. Nevertheless, biope...
Biopesticides and their mode of action against insect pests: A review
International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2020
Biopesticides including entomopathogenic viruses, bacteria, fungi, nematodes, and plant secondary metabolites, are gaining increasing importance as they are alternatives to chemical pesticides and are a major component of many pest control programs. The virulence of various biopesticides such as nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV), bacteria, and plant product were tested under laboratory conditions very successfully and the selected ones were also evaluated under field conditions with major success. Biopesticide products (including beneficial insects) are now available commercially for the control of pest and diseases. The overall aim of biopesticide research is to make these biopesticide products available at farm level at an affordable price, and this would become a possible tool in the integrated pest management strategy. Moreover, biopesticide research is still going on and further research is needed in many aspects including bioformulation and areas such as commercialization. There has been a substantial renewal of commercial interest in biopesticides as demonstrated by the considerable number of agreements between pesticide companies and bioproduct companies which allow the development of effective biopesticides in the market. This paper has reviewed the important and basic defection of major biopesticides in the past. The future prospects for the development of new biopesticides are also discussed.