Pharmacogostic Profiles of Leaves of Azadirachta Idica A.JUSS (original) (raw)
Related papers
The quality assurance of Neem (Azadirachta indica A.Juss.), a traditional herbal drug of global importance used for the treatment of different ailments, was studied. At global, regional, national and local levels, the end users of this drug face the problem of adulteration. Two different species are commercially marketed in the Indo-Pak Subcontinent under the same trade name of Neem. One is Azadirachta indica and the other is Melia azedarach L., both belonging to Meliaceae. In this study, a commercially available drug sample of Neem was authenticated by using basic and advanced Taxonomic and pharmacognostic analysis. Authentication, quality and standardization of this drug were achieved using morphology, organoleptography, pharmacogonistic markers, UV and IR analyses, SEM of pollen and anatomical investigations. This study contributes towards the global recognition and international acceptance of Neem as an herbal drug.
Pharmacognosy Research
Background: Azadirachta indica L., commonly known as 'neem' is a member of the Mahagony family, widely available in Indian sub-continents. Neem tree is popularly known for its vast therapeutic properties such as antimicrobial, antiparasitic, antidiabetic, insecticides and pesticides. The plant leaves are commonly used in several Ayurvedic formulations such as 'kwath' and 'churna. ' Due to its high therapeutic value, it is important to standardize and document the quality parameters of the plant leaves. The A. indica leaves were collected, shade dried and pharmacognostic parameters were performed using techniques such as microscopy, physicochemical tests, viz., extractive values, total ash, acid insoluble ash. Apart from this, pharmacological assays for antioxidant, antidiabetic and antimicrobial activities were performed. Based on the assays and preliminary phytochemical analysis, best extract was selected for further compound(s) detection by HPLC and HPTLC. Results: Neem methanolic extract was found to possess various phytochemicals compared to hexane extract, the methanolic extract of neem leaves also exhibited excellent antioxidant and antidiabetic activity along with good antimicrobial against gram-positive bacteria and fungi. Through HPLC and HPTLC analysis, presence of rutin hydrate, ellagic acid, and quercetin was observed in the neem leaf methanolic extract. The pharmacognostic tests values were found similar to that of stated in IP-2022. Conclusion: This is one of the first kind of research to provide a comprehensive pharmacognostic profile of leaves of A. indica L. as well as its pharmacological evaluation along with compounds detection by high throughput analysis.
A Review on Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activity of Azadirachta indica (Neem)
2020
The plant Azadirachta indica is mainly cultivated in India belonging to family meliaceae. It is extensively used by human for the treatment of various disease. According to the who survey our 80% of the population living in the developing countries are depend on this neem tree which is used as medicine for the health care. This medicinal plant use to treat various disease in ayurvedic system of medicine that is homeopathic system of medicine and unani system of medicine. The scientific name of this plant neem (azadirachta indica) is derived from Persian which means the free tree of India. This review mainly give the different biological activities like antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic , hepatoprotective, insecticidal, wound healing, anticancer, antibacterial antimalarial, in dentistry, cvs, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal, hepatoprotective etc. .This review article was put forward with an aim to show the medicinal property of azadirachta indica.
Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2018
Plant chemicals abound in different parts of plants, in different compositions. Thus, the comparative screening of the leaf, stem-bark and root of Azadirachta Indica becomes imperative. The presence of nine phytochemicals which include; Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Saponins, Glycosides, Phenols, Steroids, Tannins, Reducing sugars and Anthraquinones, and the quantity of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and glycoside in the leaf, stem-bark and root of Azadirachta indica were investigated. The plant parts were collected from a plantation grown in Okpotegu Echara, Ikwo Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Plant samples were air dried at room temperature, ground into uniform powder, sieved, bottled and labeled, ready for physico – chemical analysis. Results of the investigation revealed that anthraquinones were beyond detection limits in all the plant parts tested in both ethanol and aqueous extracts. Alkaloids were not detectable in leaf, stem-bark and root samples of aque...
A Review of chemical constituents and traditional usage of Neem plant (Azadirachta Indica
It was estimated from World Health Organization (WHO) that most of the world population depends on herbal medicine for their health care. Azadirachta Indica A.Juss also known as neem plant is one of the most popular medicinal plants in Asia and Africa which was used from the anceint times for many medicinal purposes. It is used in many traditional remedies because of its richness with biological active constituents. Some of these chemical constituents are Nimbidin, Nimbin, Nimbolide, Gedunin, Azadirachtin, Mahmoodin, Cyclic trisulphide and others which are used as antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antigastric ulcer, antiarthritic, spermicidal antifungal, antimalarial, hypoglycemic, immunomodulatory, diuretic and antitumour. Traditionally differnet parts of the plant are used by populations from many countries for the treatment of several diseases such as leprosy, epistaxis, eye problem, elimination of intestinal worms, anorexia, skin ulcers, biliousness, skin diseases like ringworms, burning sensation, wounds and itching. It is also used as analgesic, alternative and curative of fever and urinary disorder. In addition, it is used in the treatment of cough, asthma, phantom tumour, spermatorrhoea, diabetes, blood morbidity, biliary afflictions and many more medicinal values. The present work provides comprehensive information on the traditional use value and the chemical constituent of Azadirachta Indica in order to explore the therapeutic potential, highlight the relation between the traditional use value and the chemical constituents and the scientific future research opportunities on Azadirachta Indica.
European Journal of Biomedical AND Pharmaceutical sciences, 2024
Azadirachta indica, or neem, is a plant whose therapeutic virtues have made it popular around the world in recent years. Neem is a contemporary medical marvel that has been utilized widely in Ayurvedic, Unani, and Homoeopathic treatment. Neem is a lovely evergreen tree with wide leaves that may reach heights of 30 meters and widths of 2.5 meters. Its normally straight trunk has a diameter of 30 to 80 cm. Its outspread branches create a circular crown with up to 20 meters wide deep green foliage and fragrant honey blooms. Azadirachtin is a common starting point for the synthesis of biopesticides, but it also has additional qualities that have been identified, the most notable of which are its antimalarial and anticancer effects. There are several different techniques for extracting azadirachtin, such as solvent extraction at high or low temperatures and solid-liquid extraction. Alcohol-based solvents are favored for isolating azadirachtin from plant components because they are linked to greater extraction yields. Extracts must usually be cleaned up before they can be further purified. Neem seeds have yielded the greatest quantities of azadirachtin; nonetheless, there is a significant fluctuation in concentration values across batches. Therefore, regular techniques for azadirachtin identification and quantification must be established in addition to extraction processes. This study aims to discuss the pharmacological relevance, phytochemistry, taxonomy, and traditional usage of the Azadirachta indica species.
Pharmacological and non pharmacological activity of Azadirachta indica (Neem) - A review
Azadirachta indica (Neem) which is a Mother of all therapeutical plant has been used extensively many decades ago and still been using for ritual and medicinal purposes. It’s easy availability and low cost has allowed many people to gain benefit from this dynamic plant. Studies have been done widely from the leaves up to its bark to explore its therapeutical potentials. The phytochemical such as Azadirachtin, Nimbidin, Nimbin, Nimbinin, Nimbidinin, Nimbolide, Nimbidic acid, Nimbidin and Sodium Nimbidate derived from the Neem plant poses variety of pharmacological effects such as antipyretic, antiviral, analgesic, antibacterial, contraceptive and hepatoprotective effect and many more. Thus this review shows the active component and pharmacological and non pharmacological uses of Neem.
Therapeutic, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Azadirachta indica: A review
2018
Azadirachta indica (Neem), a tropical, large size, evergreen plant, has been known as the wonder tree for centuries in the Indian subcontinent. It is considered as the ‘Village dispensary’ in India because of the use of all its parts for various ailments in the indigenous system of medicine. It has an ancient history about its medicinal properties as per the classical medical literatures. Each and every part has been used in the Indian systems of medicines. It has become important in the global context today for its variety of medicinal uses. Neem is used in various diseases like dermatitis eczema, acne, bacterial and fungal infections and other skin disorders. It is now being used in the manufacture of modern day medicinal, cosmetics, toiletries and pharmaceuticals. Various parts of the tree have shown diverse biological and pharmacological activities. Keeping in view the medicinal importance of the tree in Unani Medicine (Tibb-e-Unani) and other traditional systems of medicine, an...
Applications and formulations of Azadirachta indica A. juss (Neem)-A versatile Indian origin plant
BioTechnology: An Indian Journal, 2015
Azadirachta indica A. juss, commonly known as known as Neem, has proven to be a miracle herb since the Vedic era in India. Neem is beneficial for both short term and long term use and its effectiveness has been validated from its utility in the traditional folk medicine. Extensive studies have focused on its biological, pharmacogenetic, pharmacokinetic and cosmetic aspects but complete description of its benefits, usage, safety measures and clinical toxicity still remains to be identified. Neem has been a powerful antimicrobial agent but its other inherent features makes it important as a diuretic, hypoglycemic and hepatologic agent. Its efficacy for cancer treatment is still unexplored. This review highlights the structural features of this wonder plant along with its history, ecology, compositional aspects, its formulations and major applications in therapy and medicine.