Enhancing the Quality of Patchouli Oil using Zeolite and Bentonite Nano-Particle Adsorbents (original) (raw)
Related papers
2017
Many attempts to distill of patchouli oil from patchouli plants (Pogostemon cablin) are used the simple method, therefore the patchouli oil that produced does not have the best quality. The yield of patchouli oil is dark because it contains Fe metal. The content of patchouli alcohol compound is still low whereas patchouli alcohol is the main component of patchouli oil. Various ways can be done to purify patchouli oil, one of them is adsorption process. This study aimed to compare the advantages and disadvantages of bentonite and zeolite as adsorbent purification process of patchouli oil. Bentonite and Zeolite can be utilised as adsorbents because their properties and absorbency are influenced by the presence of pore spaces between the clay mineral bonds and the imbalance of electrical charges in their ions. After adsorption, there was a decrease in Fe content and increase in patchouli alcohol level. However, significant increases occur in bentonite adsorption, this is due to several...
Heca Journal of Applied Sciences
Various studies and applied processing by businesses have been done to improve the quality of Patchouli oil (PO), such as improving appearance, reducing heavy metal content, reducing acid numbers, and increasing the ratio of Patchouli alcohol (one of the active components of PO). However, this disregards the possibility of chemical composition change which will alter the original character of the PO. This study aims to identify the slightest shift in chemical composition from adding zeolite adsorbent into the PO. The classification model was built using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra combined with chemometrics. The used FT-IR spectra for observation are 4000-500 cm-1 using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA). The PO samples were from five points in Gayo Lues Regency, Province of Aceh, Indonesia, with PO added with zeolite at a ratio of 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, and 2.5% (w/v) respectively. The classification model used...
Removal of Ferrous using Citric Acid in Patchouli Oil Purification by Complexometry
Kompleksnoe Ispolʹzovanie Mineralʹnogo syrʹâ/Complex Use of Mineral Resources/Mineraldik Shikisattardy Keshendi Paidalanu
This study is aimed to examine citric acids as a potential chelating agent to decrease colloidal impurities in patchouli oil to improve its quality. It covers colour, specific density, refractive index, acid value, iron content, oleoresin oil content, and patchouli alcohol. Complete Randomized Design with factorial design is used with two factors and repeated 3 times. Factors are (1) citric acid concentration consists of 0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.50% (w/v), (2) stirring time of 30, 60 and 90 minutes. Further, purified oil by citric acid was compared to purified oil by Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Findings show that the concentration of chelating agents and the time of stirring have an effect on the quality of patchouli oil. The higher the chelating concentration and the more the stirring time, the better the quality of purified patchouli oil in terms of colour, specific density, refractive index, acid value, and iron content. Findings also show that citric acid has almost th...
Study on physico-chemical properties of patchouli oil
International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2020
Patchouli (Pogostemon Cablin) is an aromatic herb plant. It is a very fragrant, bushy herb with soft oval leaves and square stems. Patchouli oil is widely used in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The shade dried samples were kept at room temperature as treated with microbial culture Aspergillus foetidus, Penicillium citrinum and Trichosporon asteroides for 2, 4, 6 and 8 days along with fresh and control samples. The patchouli oil samples extracted during the study were also analyzed for its physicochemical quality. The extracted oil samples have shown the values of physico-chemical parameter in the standard permissible range of patchouli oil except the oil extracted after 4 days of incubation with the culture Penicillium citrinum. The acid value increases beyond 4.0, which is not permissible range for the patchouli oil. Higher end analysis of the oil samples with GC-MS indicated the effect biotransformation efficiency of different microorganisms on the patchouli oil component.
Patchouli Alcohol Enrichment From Patchouli Oil Using Molecular Distillation Unit
2005
Molecular distillation in the vacuum pressure about 10-3 mbar, temperature in the range of 80 oC – 100 oC, and wiper rate between 60 – 80 rpm was used for the separation and purification of patchouli oil. Patchouli oil has a large composition of patchouli alcohol which is usually used as a fixative for perfumery, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. A large composition of patchouli alcohol usually is in the residue due to the high boiling point of this compound than others. Purification of patchouli alcohol increased with wiper rate and temperature but decreased with the feed rate. The temperature of liquid entering to the unit, feed rate and the wiping element bears on the distillation cylinder due to the centrifugal force and rolls over it bringing the liquid on the distillation cylinder into an intensive complex movement were the important technological parameters that determined distillation operation. Pursuant to condition above produced purification of patchouli alcohol due to the p...
Procedia Engineering, 2013
Patchouli oil is the result of distillation from patchouli plants. It used as a mixture and fragrance binder in the perfume, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. But the constraints in the patchouli oil refining industry are still produced the low yields. The factors that influence the yield of patchouli oil include the use of seeds, how to handle raw materials (knitting, withering and drying), refining process, the time of distillation, and the use of distillers. The purpose of this research is to get high yield of patchouli oil to increase the selling value. Which is variable sources of raw materials, and the length of distillation time obtained the highest yield of patchouli oil about 2.09% with distillation time of 5 hours.
Fe ion extraction in patchouli oil with ion exchange using resin
Civil and Environmental Science
Patchouli is the largest non-oil export commodity among essential oil exports in Indonesia. However, the quality of patchouli oil in Indonesia is considered to be very low. Traditional patchouli oil distillation is carried out in a small capacity and uses a simple distillation method based on a large difference in boiling points or one of the volatile components. This process produces poor quality patchouli oil such as acid number more than 8, dark oil, patchouli alcohol less than 30%, and high water content. This is evidenced by the large amount of Fe metal contained in patchouli oil. Patchouli oil produced contains a lot of iron in its yield, so it needs further processing to reduce the Fe content in patchouli oil. The use of resin as an adsorbent for Fe metal is one way to reduce the Fe metal content. Resin weighing 50, 150 and 250 grams was added to 200 ml of patchouli oil. Then the stirring process was carried out with a stirring speed of 200 rpm with time variations of 30, 60 ...
Identification of patchouli oil chemical components as the results on distillation using GC-MS
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
The main purpose of this study is to identify the chemical components contained in patchouli oil. The method used is water vapor distillation, water distillation. Patchouli plant material used which has been dried by aeration process and chopped above 20 kg. Then it is distilled using several distillation methods. The distillation process is carried out to extract the chemical components of patchouli oil contained in the ingredients. The three distillation methods are used using water because it does not react with patchouli, and can remove patchouli oil chemical components from its patchouli plant tissue, besides that water is also easy to use, has simple set of tools, and has low operating costs. The distillation process is carried out after the material that need to be distilled is put into the kettle and added water then connected to the condenser and heated, then the oil will be condensed and separated with a separating funnel. Analysis using GC-MS was carried out to identify t...
Patchouli oil from patchouli plant (Pogostemon cablin Benth) is one of important essential oils as a source of Indonesian foreign exchange. It is about 90% of world patchouli oil from Indonesia (Suara Merdeka, 2006). The objectives of this research were to assess the yield and quality of patchouli oils from four different villages in the sub district of Kuala Batee, Aceh Barat Daya based on the original area of raw material and the method of distillation, also based on length of distillation. The nested design was used in this research with the treatment of two factors combination, with the level of one factor similar but not identical. The treatments were the original area of raw material and the distillation method used in the original area of the raw material (BM1-4), and the length of distillation (5, 6, and 7 hours). Parameter observed were yield, specific gravity, refractive index, alcohol solubility, the concentration of patchouli alcohol, ester number, acid number, and the sensory test on color and clarity. The results indicated that the original area of raw material and distillation method (BM) had a significant effect on yield, refractive index, clarity, and acid number. The yield was 2.85%-4.5%, and patchouli oil from BM4 and BM2 gave higher yield but lower patchouli alcohol concentration, and clarity. The results also indicated that the longer time of distillation the higher patchouli oil yield, specific gravity, and patchouli alcohol concentration. However, it affected the lower alcohol solubility and clarity, the higher ester number, and the darker color of the patchouli oil. The concentration of patchouli alcohol in this study ranges from 21.36% to 34.03%. Patchouli oil yielded in this research have complied the SNI 06-2385-2006.
Indonesian Journal of Community Engagement, 2020
Patchouli oil is one of the export commodities with high economic value that attracts attention in the raw material business. To be marketed domestically as well as internationally, patchouli oil must meet the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). Various patchouli oil processing techniques have been developed by researchers but only a few that meet the requirements of SNI. In this study, patchouli leaves were processed using an energy-saving distiller equipped with heat insulators. Patchouli oil was then treated using bentonite-NaHCO 3 composite adsorbent which was synthesized through a hydrothermal process followed by calcination. The program was executed by preparing of the distiller and adsorbent before applying them to Surya Wulan patchouli oil processing SME. The adsorbent was prepared and analyzed at the Physical Chemistry Laboratory and the distiller was tested in CV. Fruitanol Energy, Yogyakarta. The result showed that the distiller has a capacity of 15 kg, which can save cos...