Nutritional Significance of Fruit and Fruit Products in the Average Polish Diet (original) (raw)
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Fruit and vegetable consumption among the young Polish population
Pomeranian Journal of Life Sciences, 2017
Introduction: Vegetables and fruit are an essential part of a healthy and balanced diet. It has been shown that regular consumption of fruit and vegetables can reduce the risk of chronic diseases. However, in the past ͜8 years fruit and vegetable consumption among Polish youth has significantly decreased.Materials and methods: Patients involved in the project were participants of the Woodstock Festival Poland 2014 During three days of the festival, 615 young adults (18–35 years) were enrolled in the study. The study participants had to fill in a questionnaire that included questions about the frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption, portion sizes, and knowledge of the recommended daily intake. We also measured basic anthropometric parameters.Results: The data from our study showed that 97,6% of respondents consumed fewer than ͘ servings of vegetables and fruit. In addition 39% of them ate 2 or fewer vegetable servings per day. We found that men ate significantly less fruit and ...
Fruit and vegetable consumption plays a multi-level intermediary role in the development of people's health status and body weight. Even using state-of-the-art methods, it is hard to find unambiguous causality, because it has an especially complex biological and behavioral connection to health. The public burden imposed by illnesses related to low fruit and vegetable consumption is significant, but not the most significant. Definition of the fruit and vegetable categories is not uniform, even though it is always related to their health significance, i.e. their nutrient and fiber contents. National and professional fruit and vegetable consumption recommendations usually follow WHO recommendations, but do not always coincide with the latter. In addition to unfortunate methodological and interpretation difficulties, the goal in this case is to bridge the "attitude-behavior gap", i.e. conquering the complex problem that people want to act differently from what they actually do. Based on the data of the Household Budget Survey of the Hungarian Central Statistical Office (CSO-HBS), fruit and vegetable categories that are bought in the largest amounts are presented, according to settlement size, value bought, quantity produced, as well as the size of the household.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
The aim of our study was to analyse vegetables, potatoes and their products as sources of energy and nutrients in the average diet in Poland. Representative data of the 2016 Household Budget Survey from 36,886 households were used. This is the largest study sample in Poland, so we generalized the conclusions to the whole population using the statement ‘average diet’. We analysed three main product groups: vegetables, vegetable products, and potatoes and potatoes products, dividing them into 14 subgroups (e.g., tomatoes, cabbage, carrots, other vegetables, and mushrooms). The percentages of energy, protein, carbohydrates, total fat, nine vitamins (thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin D, and vitamin E), seven minerals (calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, iron, magnesium and zinc), and fibre from the analysed food subgroups are presented. Additionally, the influence of household characteristics on the supply of energy and nutrients from ea...
Apples or oranges? Recent household fruit consumption in Poland
2014
The study examines the recent changes in per capita consumption of apples and exotic fruits focusing on the competition between the two fruit categories. In particular, the per capita consumption of apples declined from about 21 kg in 2004 to about 15 kg in 2012, while the consumption of exotic fruit increased from about 9 kg to kg in 2005 to 12.5 kg in 2012. The examination stresses the inadequacy to analyze consumption using the concept of “an average household” because the concept does not reflect the potential differences in households with inadequate fresh fruit consumption such as families with a large number of children. Using GUS data for the period 2008-2012, the paper illustrates the differences in the consumption of both fruit categories according to households classified applying demographic and socio-economic characteristics. Graphic presentation of per capita consumption volume and statistical test results show the large differences in the consumption of apples, the pr...
Public Health Nutrition, 2010
Objective: To assess the intake frequency of fruit and vegetables, serving sizes, reasons for and barriers to consumption, and the potential for increasing fruit and vegetable intake. Design: A nationwide postal questionnaire survey was conducted in 2006 over all four seasons. The participants were stratified according to occupation and sex. The response rate for 5130 questionnaires sent out was 52?7 %. Setting: Austria. Subjects: Austrian adults, aged 19-64 years. Results: Daily fruit consumption was reported by 57?1 % of the participants and daily vegetable consumption by 36?2 %. On average, 2?1 (SD 1?9) servings (250 (SD 225) g) of fruit and 1?7 (SD 1?3) servings (198 (SD 159) g) of vegetables were consumed daily. Women ate fruit and vegetables both more frequently and in greater quantities than men. Both intake frequency and the number of fruit and vegetable servings were largely independent of seasonal fluctuations. The primary reason for the consumption of both fruit and vegetables was taste. The greatest barrier to higher intake was the perception that current individual consumption was already sufficient. Price did not constitute a relevant barrier in Austria. At present, the potential for increasing fruit and vegetable intake can be estimated at two servings. Conclusions: Austrian adults still consume less fruit and vegetables than recommended. Strategies to increase intake should pay more attention to the taste instead of the various health aspects.
LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION IN HUNGARY
We studied fresh and processed fruit and vegetable consumption of the last decade in Hungary on Hungarian Bureau of Statistics and GFK Hungaria household study data and on macro-economical data. Methodology difficulties have been explained in categorization of products during data collection. Long term data show increase despite ups and downs, but recent consumption level do not meet the expectations based on recent FAO/WHO suggestion, despite positive moral background and sporadic promotion campaigns in Hungary. Huge differences can be seen in consumption of different products between 1994 and 2004 in the fruit and vegetable category. As a whole, the consumption structure of vegetables is more stabile, but than of fruits. Consumption of processed products increased in case of fruits and vegetables, but the ratio of these products is still low and has minor effect on the total. Ratio of in-home processed products within the total category parallel decreased. It is advised that subcategory, or product level approach is necessary instead of repeated general fruit and vegetable promotion campaigns. Processing industry deserves more involvement from supply level here.
Public Health Nutrition, 2015
ObjectiveTo identify determinants of fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption among school-aged children.DesignA survey study was conducted in October 2010. The questionnaire contained questions concerning social and demographic data, lifestyle and dietary habits, particularly the frequency of F&V consumption, availability of F&V and knowledge about recommended amounts of F&V intake.SettingPolish primary schools.SubjectsChildren (n1255) aged 9 years from randomly selected primary schools and their parents.ResultsThe children’s consumption of fruit and of vegetables was influenced by the fruit consumption and vegetable consumption of their parents (r=0·333 andr=0·273, respectively;P=0·001), parents encouraging their children to eat F&V (r=0·259 andr=0·271,respectively;P=0·001), giving children F&V to take to school (r=0·338 andr=0·321,respectively;P=0·001) and the availability of F&V at home (r=0·200 andr=0·296, respectively;P=0·001). Parental education influenced only the frequency of ...
Nonalcoholic Beverages as Sources of Nutrients in the Average Polish Diet
Nutrients, 2020
The aim of the study was to analyze the sources of energy, carbohydrates, 10 minerals, and 9 vitamins from nonalcoholic beverages in the average Polish diet. For the analysis, we used data from the 2016 Household Budget Survey conducted on the representative sample of the Polish population (36,886 households, n = 99,230). According to the source of data, we included four subgroups in analyzed food category: fruit juices, vegetable juices and mixed, mineral and spring waters, and other nonalcoholic beverages. We used the cluster analysis to assess the impact of sociodemographic and economic characteristics of the households on the structure of supplying energy and nutrients from each subgroup of the nonalcoholic beverages. Our analyses have shown that nonalcoholic beverages are primarily important in providing several nutrients: vitamin C (15.9% of the total vitamin C supply), vitamin B6 (8.9% of vitamin B supply), folates (8.5% of folate supply), carbohydrates (6.8% of carbohydrate ...
Frontiers in public health, 2024
Diet is one of the elements that contribute to health and quality of life. There are significant discrepancies between the diets of people living in di erent regions, with di erent beliefs, or with di erent approaches to sustainability and ecology. There is a lack of research on dietary intake among organic and conventional fruit growers. The aim of our study was to examine the diets of orchardists and their immediate life partners in terms of meeting energy requirements, nutrient intake and fulfillment of dietary recommendations in this group. Fiftythree participants (in the organic group and in the conventional group) took part in the study. Dietary data were obtained using the-day dietary record. Body mass and height were measured and BMI was calculated. Physical activity was estimated using a questionnaire method. The study group was aged ± years, with a body weight of ± kg and a height of ± cm. The mean BMI was ± kg/m. Mean energy intake with diet was ± kcal/day with needs of (-) kcal/day. A significant proportion of the study group did not fulfill their calcium and vitamin D requirements. In addition, a significant proportion of the conventional fruit growers did not cover their needs for potassium, magnesium and vitamins: E, C, and folate. Both groups had too high an intake of cholesterol and saturated fatty acids, and too low an intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids. In conclusion, the orchardists' diets mostly provided adequate amounts of nutrients, with inadequate intakes of calcium, vitamin D, cholesterol, and fatty acids. The diets of organic fruit growers were significantly richer in selected nutrients.