Metacognitive Ability and Perception of the Barriers to Become Entrepreneur: A Study of the Undergraduate-Level Business Students of Three Universities in Khulna Region of Bangladesh (original) (raw)
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Bangladesh is one of the youngest countries in the world with more than half of its population being under the age of 25. The nation is in the transition period towards becoming a middle income country by the year 2021. To develop an entrepreneurship-based economy and sustain its continuous growth, university graduates can play a crucial role. At present, more than two third of the business graduates are going to the job markets from the private universities of Bangladesh. They are the important segment for the future growth and development of the country. It is opined that if the business graduates are properly educated for entrepreneurship development it would have a positive impact on the economic development of Bangladesh. Hence, this study aims at identifying the psychological perspective of entrepreneurial intentions among the business graduates of private universities in Bangladesh. This study was conducted among 205 business graduates of ten private universities of Bangladesh. The data were collected through surveying business graduates of private universities of Bangladesh with the help of a structured questionnaire which was developed through literature review. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Multivariate analysis technique like exploratory factor analysis was performed to identify the psychological factors relating to the entrepreneurial intentions of the business graduates of private universities of Bangladesh. Confirmatory analysis confirmed five psychological factors such as, challenge taking attitude, proactive nature, confidence in decision making, quest for excellence, and exposure orientation of the graduates. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was performed to identify the relationships between the overall entrepreneurial intention and the psychological factors for entrepreneurial intention. Results show that Bangladeshi business graduates are proactive, they feel quest for excellence and they have exposure orientation which can make them entrepreneurs. However, they have lacks in challenge taking attitude and confidence in decision making. This study suggests that the policymakers of the country should give importance on the concerned issues in designing the educational and other policies in this regard.
IAEME PUBLICATION, 2020
Bangladesh is one of the youngest countries in the world with more than half of its population being under the age of 25. The nation is in the transition period towards becoming a middle income country by the year 2021. To develop an entrepreneurshipbased economy and sustain its continuous growth, university graduates can play a crucial role. At present, more than two third of the business graduates are going to the job markets from the private universities of Bangladesh. They are the important segment for the future growth and development of the country. It is opined that if the business graduates are properly educated for entrepreneurship development it would have a positive impact on the economic development of Bangladesh. Hence, this study aims at identifying the psychological perspective of entrepreneurial intensions among the business graduates of private universities in Bangladesh. This study was conducted among 205 business graduates of ten private universities of Bangladesh. The data were collected through surveying business graduates of private universities of Bangladesh with the help of a structured questionnaire which was developed through literature review. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Multivariate analysis technique like exploratory factor analysis was performed to identify the psychological factors relating to the entrepreneurial intensions of the business graduates of private universities of Bangladesh. Confirmatory analysis confirmed five psychological factors such as, challenge taking attitude, proactive nature, confidence in decision making, quest for excellence, and exposure orientation of the graduates. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was performed to identify the relationships between the overall entrepreneurial intention and the psychological factors for entrepreneurial intension. Results show that Bangladeshi business graduates are proactive, they feel quest for excellence and they have exposure orientation which can make them entrepreneurs. However, they have lacks in challenge taking attitude and confidence in decision making. This study suggests that the policymakers of the country should give importance on the concerned issues in designing the educational and other policies in this regard.
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The purpose of this research is to assess the role of cognitive variables on intention to entrepreneurial behaviour of engineering undergraduates in engineering undergraduates in Sri Lanka. Entrepreneurship is one of the key drivers of an economy. Individuals with entrepreneurial mind create wealth and majority of jobs in the economy. Entrepreneurship for engineers is not new to the world. Recent changes in the world and engineering present both challenges and opportunities to engineering education. Engineering education is changing to meet these challenges. Instilling an entrepreneurial mindset in undergraduate engineers is essential if we want the bright young talent to innovate and then productize those innovations to better mankind. A study was conducted with the sample of 202 final year undergraduates in engineering faculties in Sri Lanka. Exploratory Factor Analysis, Multiple Regression and Structural Equation Modeling were applied with use of SPSS and AMOS to analyze the rela...
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Metacognition as a concept has been thoroughly studied and its eect on learning is well demonstrated. Moreover, scholars nd that it represents the entrepreneurial approach to thinking and has the propensity to aect selecting an entrepreneurial career. Hence, entrepreneurship education, still the subject of discussions about its aims methods and outcomes, has not taken any visible advantage of this powerful concept, and no specic advice for educators has been delivered. To rectify this deciency, the aim of the current research is to propose how entrepreneurship education can be developed to increase metacognitive abilities in students. Individual dierences in student metacognition are therefore studied, and the strongest and weakest aspects are identied using quantitative and qualitative research methods. Based on the theoretical framework of the conceptualisation of metacognitive abilities as well as empirical evidence, the article contributes to a better understanding of the connections between metacognition and educational settings. e article provides a practical holistic proposal for how metacognitive abilities can be developed systematically through entrepreneurship courses. JEL classification codes: I23, L26
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This study aims to analyze how the influence of the variables of intellectual intelligence, emotional intelligence, and spiritual intelligence on students' entrepreneurial intentions, using the intervening variables of student creativity and learning achievement. The research was conducted at polytechnic higher education institutions (public and private) in Medan City. The number of research samples was 400 people, and the data were analyzed using a structural equation model with Amos software. For the direct effect of exogenous variables, it was found that students' intellectual intelligence and creativity had a statistically significant impact. In contrast, the variables of emotional intelligence, spiritual intelligence, and learning achievement were not statistically significant. The indirect impact variables used to estimate entrepreneurial intentions are statistically significant, except for the emotional intelligence variable. Furthermore, as an intervening variable, t...
Determinants of Entrepreneurial Intention of Business Students in Bangladesh
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Working on entrepreneurship bears special significance for country like Bangladesh where density of population is very high. It is really a great challenge for the country to accommodate such a large population. Developing the determinants on entrepreneurial intention can take the country a step ahead for the improvement of entrepreneurial culture. Nurturing such culture will flourish entrepreneurship development which can create scope for accommodating substantial number of people. In this backdrop, this study has tested a causal model in context of business students of Bangladesh to identify what determines their intentions to be an entrepreneur. For this purpose data were collected from the business students studying at Bachelor and Master Level in public and private universities. From the previous literature, variables like risk taking, locus of control, need for achievement, autonomy, challenges, security of job, environment for staring business and entrepreneurial education offered by Universities have been tested using multiple regression model. The model results show tendency of taking risk, need for achievement, education and environment for starting business, job security are statistically significant in determining the intention of students where except job security, variables are found positively related.
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Nowadays entrepreneurship is an important option for students. Some researchers considered that the decision to become an entrepreneur involves an elaborate mental process. This study tries to understand this mental process following the cognitive approach through the application of Entrepreneurial Intentions Questionnaire (EIQ) to students from College of Business and Administration (ESCE), Polytechnic Institute of Setubal (IPS). The main purpose of this study is to understand the student's entrepreneurial intentions, considering the influence of social and skills perception. Additionally the study tries to understand the influence of gender, age, labour experience and self-employment experience in entrepreneurial students' intentions. To achieve this objectives, it was applied a quantitative approach. The statistical techniques used were factor analysis for the identification of factors, as well as, correlation analysis and t-test for hypotheses confirmation. This study allowed the confirmation of the findings of previous studies concerning the relationship between the entrepreneurial intention and the attitudes toward entrepreneurship, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control. These results also revealed that age and gender are significantly correlated to entrepreneurial intentions.
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Cognitive perspective to entrepreneurship has recently received growing attention by educators and researchers. Yet, research on the association between knowledge of cognition an cognition capacity and their intentions to become entrepreneurs. The sample consisted of 722 students from public (n=331) and private universities (n=391) in Malaysia. The findings indicated that students from public universities scored higher in all dimensions of knowledge of cognition including declarative, procedural and conditional knowledge. However, entrepreneurial intentions of students from private universities were higher than their counterparts form public universities. These findings highlight the importance of knowledge of cognition capacity to improve their entrepreneurial learning and consequently their intentions to become entrepreneurs. Implications of the findings for entrepreneurship education and research and agendas for future studies are discussed.
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Finding jobs for university graduates is becoming more difficult as the number of job opportunities available is not proportional to the number of graduates. This situation is aggravated by the low interest of the Indonesian population in entrepreneurship, which is at roughly 3.1%. This study aims to investigate the effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy, creativity, attitude toward entrepreneurship, social media, entrepreneurial culture, and motivation on student’s entrepreneurial intentions. Social media is warranted in the study as the respondents are in the group of millennials. A quantitative method was used. The data analysis employed Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with Partial Least Squares (PLS). The participants were undergraduate students from universities in Malang City and Surabaya, Indonesia, recruited using an online questionnaire. The research sample included 315 respondents. This study used self-efficacy, creativity, attitude, culture, and motivation as the determinants of student’s entrepreneurial intention. It proposed six hypotheses that reflect the impact of each determinant on entrepreneurial intentions. The study revealed that of the six hypotheses tested, all had a significant impact on explaining the determinants of student’s entrepreneurial intention. Social media is proven to be the catalyst for student entrepreneurial intention. Educated students recognize and assume that social media can help run a business without requiring a large investment. This study also suggests that lecturers' involvement enables students to acquire entrepreneurial skills in classroom learning and organizations. Thus, students with a greater level of entrepreneurial insight will find it easier to foster an entrepreneurial attitude and think more imaginatively to commercialize new ideas in the form of product development before they realize their entrepreneurial potential.