An Approach Using Patents (original) (raw)
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In this paper we have worked on a number of documents and articles published to find a relationship between patents and the economic growth of countries. We have found that patents and their applications are important for economic growth. The patent is not always a global indicator of all the technological knowledge produced, since a considerable number of technological know-how remains in the form of business secrets or sometimes the technology is published in scientific articles. The patent can be an economic policy instrument to encourage investment in research and development. More patents lead to more innovations and vice versa. The patent is a vector of economic growth through the promotion of innovation.
PLOS ONE, 2021
The present article examines the impact of intellectual property (IP) utilization and concentration on economic growth in Mexico. The findings presented center on the use of different forms of IP by researchers in the National System of Researchers (SNI in Spanish) of Mexico. We focus especially on the externalities associated with the use of IP by researchers, as well as on understanding how knowledge about, and utilization of IP relates to economic growth, as measured by gross domestic product (GDP). The results of our analyses indicate that in the context of the Mexican SNI, the utilization of certain forms of IP, specifically patents and industrial designs, had a positive impact on economic growth, while the use of utility models was negatively linked to drivers of growth. Policies based on these results could seek to foster awareness and utilization of particular forms of IP by SNI researchers, which in turn could result in greater economic growth in Mexico.
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The work is a quantitative analysis on the relationship between technology and economic development from data on patents from over twenty countries from the beginning of the 19th century till the end of the twentieth century. The cross section regressions between patents and per capita income show a high correlation between both variables and allow the positive effect of technological innovation on economic development to be seen. The regressions between the time series of patent applications in Spain between 1826 and 1985 and some economic variables indicate in similar fashion that there is a positive correlation between both variables, especially between patents and Gross Fixed Capital Formation.
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This paper reviewed the existing literature regarding competitiveness in the technological innovation sector in Mexico. The gaps in the literature were found, and, later, these gaps aided the guidelines of this research. This paper is organized as follows. Section 2 provides a comprehensive literature review in the Mexican context and international context. Section 3 describes aspects of competitiveness in Mexico and the role of R&D organizations and universities related to patent activity. Section 4 covers how the patenting system works in Mexico and provides a description of the Mexican patent system. Section 5 explains the methodology used for this research. Data were obtained from the Mexican Institute of Intellectual Property. Section 6 presents the results obtained after processing data though SPSS software version 21. The paper ends with conclusion and recommendations to improve the current situation of patents in Mexico
2009
This paper aims at studying the determinants of the patent behavior of Argentinean manufacturing firms. In particular, we seek to identify the factors that affect the probability of obtaining a patent and the determinants of the number of patents granted. We include industry fixed effects and our sample is based on data extracted from two innovation surveys. Our main results are: (i) foreign owned firms have a higher probability of obtaining a patent than domestic ones; (ii) local R&D activities have not had any impact on the probability of obtaining a patent neither on the number of patents obtained by the firms.
Patent Statistics as Economic Indicators: A Survey
1990
This survey reviews the growing use of patent data in economic analysis. After describing some of the main characteristics of patents and patent data, it focuses on the use of patents as an indicator of technological change. Cross-sectional and time-series studies of the relationship of patents to R&D expenditures are reviewed, as well as scattered estimates of the distribution of patent values and the value of patent rights, the latter being based on recent analyses of European patent renewal data. Time-series trends of patents granted in the U.S. are examined and their decline in the 1970s is found to be an artifact of the budget stringencies at the Patent Office. The longer run downward trend in patents per R&D dollar is interpreted not as an indication of diminishing returns but rather as a reflection of the changing meaning of such data over time. The conclusion is reached that, in spite of many difficulties and reservations, patent data remain a unique resource for the study of technical change.
Patenting Activities and Technological Development in the Global Economy
Včenì zapiski Tavrìjsʹkogo nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu ìmenì V.Ì. Vernadsʹkogo, 2020
доктор економічних наук, доцент, Львівський торговельно-економічний університет Шайда О.Є. кандидат економічних наук, доцент, Національний університет «Львівська політехніка» Степанов А.В. старший викладач, Львівський торговельно-економічний університет PATENTING ACTIVITIES AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY The article is devoted to the study of current trends in patenting activities in the context of global economic processes. The priorities and goals of developing a long-term vision of the development of the countries of the world are considered in the context of the formation of the digital economy. The role of legal protection of intellectual property in achieving high rates of patenting is appraised. Comparative data of world patent ratings are given. The existing problems in the domestic patenting of scientific and technical solutions are highlighted. An econometric model of the dependence of the indicator of the number of patent applications filed with the European Patent Organisation on the percentage of human resources engaged in R&D in the EU has been built. The decisive role of human resources in scientific and technological development and patenting activities is substantiated, which requires a balanced state policy in the direction of improving human capital.
A policy insight into the R&D–patent relationship
Research Policy, 2009
This paper investigates whether patent counts can be taken as indicators of macroeconomic innovation performance. The empirical model explicitly accounts for the two components of patenting output: research productivity and patent propensity. The empirical analysis aims at explaining the 'correct' number of priority filings in 34 countries. It confirms that the two components play a substantial role as witnessed by the impact of the design of several policies, namely education, intellectual property and science and technology policies. A major policy implication relates to the design of patent systems, which ultimately induces, or allows for, aggressive patenting strategies.
Innovation Trends in NAFTA Countries: an Econometric Analysis of Patent Applications
Journal of technology management & innovation, 2011
This paper analyzes innovation trends in North America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) countries by means of the number of patent applications during the period 1965 to 2008. Making use of patent data released by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) and the Network for Science and Technology Indicators (Red Iberoamericana de Ciencia y Tecnología, RICYT), we search for presence of multiple structural changes in the patent applications series in Canada, Mexico, and the United States. Such changes may suggest that firms' innovative activity has been modified in these countries (Mansfield, 1986). Accordingly, it would be expected that the new regulations implemented in these countries in the 1980s and 1990s have influenced their intellectual property regimes through the NAFTA and the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) agreement. Consequently, the question conducting this research is how the new dispositions affecting intellectual regimes in NAFTA countries have affected innovation activities in these countries. The results achieved in this research confirm the existence of multiple structural changes in the series of patent applications resulting from the new legislation implemented in these countries.