Variability of chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oils between Myrtus communis var. Leucocarpa DC and var. Melanocarpa DC (original) (raw)
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This article provides a critical overview of current methods to quantify essential oil components. The fields of application and limits of the most popular approaches, in particular relative percentage abundance, normalized percentage abundance, concentration and true amount determination via calibration curves, are discussed in detail. A specific paragraph is dedicated to the correct use of the most widely used detectors and to analyte response factors. A set of applications for each approach is also included to illustrate the considerations.
Chemical Variability of Algerian Myrtus communis L
Chemistry & Biodiversity, 2013
The composition of 55 samples of essential oil isolated from the aerial parts of wild growing Myrtus communis L. harvested in 16 locations from East to West Algeria were investigated by GC (determination of retention indices) and 13 C-NMR analyses. The essential oils consisted mainly of monoterpenes, a-pinene (27.4 -59.2%) and 1,8-cineole (6.1 -34.3%) being the major components. They were also characterized by the absence of myrtenyl acetate. The compositions of the 55 oils were submitted to k-means partitioning and principal component analysis, which allowed the distinction of two groups within the oil samples, which could be subdivided into two subgroups each. Groups I (78% of the samples) and II were differentiated on the basis of the contents of a-pinene, linalool, and linalyl acetate. Subgroups IA and IB could be distinguished by their contents of a-pinene and 1,8-cineole. Subgroups IIA and IIB differed substantially in their contents of 1,8-cineole and limonene. All the samples contained 3, 3,5,5,8,8-hexamethyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.3.0]non-1(6)-ene-2,4-dione (up to 4.9%).
Chemotaxonomic Evaluation by Volatolomics Analysis of Fifty-Two Genotypes of Myrtus communis L
Plants
A population of 52 genotypes of Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.), selected in the framework of a domestication program and growing in the same collection field at Oristano (Central Western Sardinia, 39°54′ N 8°35′ E), was analyzed by GC/MS for leaf essential oil composition. The chemical composition of essential oils was quite variable with a number of compounds ranging from 31 to 78 depending on cultivar. One hundred and eighteen compounds were globally identified in the various genotypes. However, α-pinene, limonene, 1,8-cineole, α-terpineol, and linalool always resulted as main components with few differences among samples. Minor compounds have been the determining factors in differentiating or associating genotypes in the outputs of a principal component analysis (PCA), where the results of another analysis of fruit essential oils of the same genotypes were also jointly used. Genotypes were discriminated according to mother plant characterization or ecological variables, such as site...
Mediterranean Journal of Chemistry, 2011
The chemical composition of essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from Tunisian wild growing myrtle ripe fruits, leaves and floral buds was examined by GC and GC-MS. The yields of hydrodistilled oils obtained from different plant parts were: leaves 0.5%, floral buds 0.2% and ripe fruits 0.02%. Significant differences were found in the concentration of main constituents of the oils: α-pinene [48.9% (floral buds), 34.3% (fruits), 23.7% (leaves)], 1,8-cineole [15.3% (floral buds), 26.6% (fruits), 61.0% (leaves)]. The leaves oil contained less linalool than floral buds and ripe fruits oils. Tunisian myrtle is characterized by the absence of myrtenyl acetate.
2014
In Mexico, pine trees constitute the group of conifers that sustain the forest industry due to both its timber and non-timber products; outstanding among the latter is the exploitation of resin. The chemical characterization of essential oils and wood extracts from Pinus devoniana and P. oocarpa of the La Primavera forest, in the state of Jalisco, was carried out by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The main components (alpha- and beta-pinenes, limonene and longifolene) were present in all the fractions, though in different proportions. The high content of pinenes in the wood extracts of the studied species stands out: approximately 80 %, equivalent to almost 1 % of the dry wood. Furthermore, each of the fractions has its own compounds. P. devoniana’s essential oil is characterized by its content of borneol acetate and methyl eugenol, and its extract can contain pinocamphene, alpha terpinene and isobornyl acrylate. Verbenol and some of its by-products, as well as (+)...
GC-MS and GC-MS-MS analysis of a complex essential oil
Chromatographia, 1988
T ürkiye'de arıcılığın yoğun olarak yapıldığı Muğla ilinden 2004-2006 yılları arasında Eylül ayından Kasım ayına kadar 78 çam balı örneği toplanmıştır. Toplanan bal örneklerinde mikroskop ile Balçiği Element Sayısına (NHE) ve Toplam Polen Sayısına (NTP) bakılmıştır. Bal örneklerinin kalitesi Balçiği Elementlerinin Sayısının Toplam Polen Sayısına oranı ile belirlenmektedir. Balçiği Elementi Sayısının Toplam Polen Sayısına oranı 4.5'un üstündeki ballar çok yoğun üstün kaliteli çam balı olarak kabul edilmektedir. Mikroskopta yapılan analiz sonucunda 78 bal örneğinin 50 tanesi çok yoğun üstün kaliteli çam balı olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca GC-MS analizlerinde balın kimyasal bileşenlerine bakılmıştır. 50 çam balı örneğinin GC-MS kimyasal bileşen analizinde insan sağlığı için önemli bileşenler bulunmuştur. Bunlar aromatik aldehitler, aldehitler, aromatik alkoller, flavanonlar, lineer hidrokarbonlar, aromatik hidrokarbonlar, aromatik asitler, aromatik asit esterleri, lineer asit esterleri ve diğer kimyasal bileşenlerdir. Anahtar Kelimeler Çam balı, Marchallina hellenica, GC-MS ile kimyasal bileşen analizi.
Chemical characterization of the essential oil from patchouli accessions harvested over four seasons
Industrial Crops and Products, 2011
The genus Pogostemon of the Lamiaceae family includes several species known for their medicinal and aromatic properties. The species P. cablin is especially notable because the essential oil extracted from its leaves is internationally important and valuable, principally for the perfume and cosmetic industries. Because multiple factors can affect the chemical composition of the essential oil, the aim of this work was to evaluate the chemical variations in the essential oils of nine Pogostemon accessions harvested over four seasons. Two Pogostemon accessions (P. heyneanus, but received as P. cablin) and seven P. cablin accessions from different sources were evaluated. The transplants were planted in January 2008, and the harvests were conducted in May, August, and November 2008 and February 2009. The chemical composition of the essential oils was evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively. Patchoulol was the major compound from the four harvests of all of the P. cablin accessions. The principal compound from the accessions POG-001 and POG-006 was β-pinene. Two clusters were detected by multivariate analyses of the four harvests. Cluster I was formed by the accessions POG-001 and POG-006 (P. heyneanus), and Cluster II was formed by the accessions of P. cablin (POG-002, POG-014, POG-015, POG-016, POG-019, POG-021, and POG-022).► Patchoulol was the major compound for the P. cablin accessions. ► The principal compound from P. heyneanus was pinene. ► Two clusters were detected by multivariate analyses of the four harvests. ► Cluster I was formed by P. heyneanus and Cluster II by P. cablin. ► The 1st principal component represents between 74.28% and 84.80% of total variance.
Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 2010
RESUMO: "Avaliação dos constituintes dos óleos essenciais de folhas de goiabeira (Psidium guajava L., Myrtaceae) de três cultivares e da planta silvestre". Os óleos essenciais de folhas de goiabeira Psidium guajava L. de três diferentes cultivares (Paluma, Século XXI e Pedro Sato) e da planta silvestre foram analisados a fim de comparar os seus constituintes. O óleo essencial foi obtido por hidrodestilação em aparelho de Clevenger modificado. Para a caracterização e quantificação dos compostos presentes por CG-EM e CG respectivamente. Os resultados mostraram que os três óleos essenciais analisados apresentam inúmeras substâncias em comum com a predominância do 1,8-cineol. O óleo essencial da cultivar Paluma se difere dos demais devido a alta concentração de 1,8-cineol (42,68%) e do α-terpineol (38,68%). No óleo essencial da cultivar Século XXI observase a presença do 1,8 cineol (18,83%), trans-carifileno (12,08%) e o selin-11-en-4-α-ol (20,98%) como majoritários, enquanto que a cultivar Pedro Sato e a planta silvestre apresentaram com o 1,8 cineol com (17,68%) e (12,83%), oxido de cariofileno (9,34%) e (9,09%) e o selin-11-en-4-α-ol com (21,46%) e (22,19%), respectivamente.
Molecules
Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) is a shrub spontaneously growing in the Mediterranean area. The leaf and fruit content of essential oils and phenolic compounds justify the wide use of the plant as medicinal and aromatic. Because of overexploitation of wild plants, a domestication process is in progress in different regions and the influence of the genotype variability on the chemical composition of fruit essential oils may be useful to breeding programs. Consequently, the analysis performed on a selected group of candidate clones growing in the same field collection in Sardinia is the object of this report. Forty-seven selections provided fully ripe fruits for essential oil extraction by hydrodistillation and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Only five candidate clones showed white fruits. The highest yield of essential oil was observed in the LAC31 genotype with 0.55 g·kg−1, while the samples BOS1, MON5, RUM4, RUM10, V4 and V8 showed values above 0.20 g·kg−1 and mo...
Plants
Myrtle (Myrtus communis L., Myrtaceae) has numerous applications in pharmacology, food technology, and cosmetic industry. The current research aimed at measuring variations in the leaf essential oil (EO) compositions of 14 superior myrtle accessions originating in natural habitats of south Iran. The plants were grown under greenhouse conditions. Fresh leaf samples were harvested in June 2021. Based on dry matter, the extractable amount of EO in the accessions ranged from 0.42% (BN2) to 2.6% (BN5). According to GC/MS analysis, the major compounds in the EO were α-pinene (2.35–53.09%), linalyl acetate (0–45.3%), caryophyllene oxide (0.97–21.8%), germacrene D (0–19.19%), α-humulene (0–18.97%), 1,8-cineole (0–18.0%), limonene (0–17.4%), and p-cymene (0–13.2%). These myrtle accessions were classified into four groups, including I: caryophyllene oxide/germacrene D/α-humulene/methyl eugenol chemotype; II: α-pinene/p-cymene/α-humulene and (E)-β-caryophyllene; III: α-pinene/1,8-cineole, and ...