Temporary hearing threshold shift measured by otoacoustic emissions in subjects exposed to short-term impulse noise (original) (raw)
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Otoscopic Changes Before and After Shooting Amongst Military Army Personnel
Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2014
The effect of loud noise to the army personnel is often identifi ed when hearing loss had already developed. Acoustic trauma during shooting training can also lead to acute changes in the ear which is shown on otoscopic examination. This study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of hearing protective device (earplug) on the prevalence of external ear changes amongst military personnel during shooting. This is a prospective cross sectional study that was conducted among 76 military personnel, who were divided into two groups: those with and without earplugs during shooting. Each participant underwent 3 otoscopic examinations: (a) pre-shooting, (b) immediate post-shooting (within 48 hours) and (c) 2 weeks after shooting. A total of 78 army personnel who were scheduled to undergo shooting training were otoscopically examined. Eighty three percent of them did not wear earplugs before. The percentage of infl ammation of external auditory canal and tympanic membrane dullness increased tremendously among subjects from non-earplug group less than 48 hours post-shooting. Assessment after 2 weeks showed improvement in around 30% of the subjects. Loud noise has become an occupational hazard not only to the inner ear but it also predisposes the external and middle ear structures to some form of injury. Although improvement is seen after some period, a protective device such as an earplug should be recommended and the usage should be reinforced among the army personnel involved in shooting.
The international tinnitus journal, 2011
Exposure to continuous or impulse noise may lead to High Sound Pressure Induced Hearing Loss (HSPIHL) or to acoustic trauma in soldiers. Auditory evaluation by means of evoked otoacoustic emissions (EOAE) has been demonstrating its importance in the detection of subtle changes in cochlear function still unidentified in threshold tone audiometry in subjects exposed to noise. Studying Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) before and after exposure to impulse noise in soldiers of the Brazilian Army. This is an analytical, observational, longitudinal and prospective study. Auditory evaluation was performed by means of DPOAEs in 60 soldiers before and after exposure to impulse noise, of whom 30 were reevaluated immediately after exposure and 30 were reevaluated 24 hours after exposure. The statistical analysis revealed that both groups reevaluated after exposure to impulse noise showed a decrease in amplitudes in comparison with the tests before exposure. As for the signal/no...
Hearing Research, 2004
This study was designed to test whether under impulse noise exposure mood and emotional states could play a role in the onset of tinnitus and/or could modify cochlear sensitivity objectively measured with distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs). The experimental design consisted in a short follow-up study of 54 young military subjects (20 ± 2 years old), psychologically normal, with normal hearing, during two consecutive days of target practice rounds. Data collection included an abbreviated version of the profile of mood states (POMSs) inventory [Profile of Mood States, Educational and Industrial Testing Service, San Diego, 1971], questionnaires on tinnitus perception (previous history and after shooting) and DPOAEs measurements before and after shooting. Higher scores of tension-anxiety were found in subjects having previous history of tinnitus. Association between tinnitus previous history and tinnitus after shooting was found significant. Perception of tinnitus after target practice rounds was associated with significantly lower DPOAEs at 3 kHz. The most tense-anxious subjects were found to have DPOAEs decreases of 3.35 ± 6 dB at 3 kHz after shooting. This study clearly shows that, in young healthy population, psychologically normal and with normal hearing, moderate variations in mood and emotional states were related to tinnitus onset and DPOAEs alterations. It is possible that stronger variations in mood and/or emotional condition would increase risks of tinnitus and alterations of cochlear sensitivity.
Vojnosanitetski pregled
Background/Aim. A short-term high-intensity noise from a gunshot impulse that occurs when using infantry weapon, can result in onset of auditory symptoms such as tinnitus, impaired hearing or feeling of pressure in one or both ears. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of live ammunition shooting from an automatic rifle on the hearing sense in professional military personnel. The examination was done in correlation with the conditions of the common shooting practice procedure. Methods. The research has been conducted on 22 professional soldiers serving in the Serbian Military, during their regular peacetime training shooting from the automatic rifle AP 7.62 mm M70. The training was conducted on the formational shooting field ?Bubanj Potok?. The written consent from all subjects was acquired. All subjects were submitted to medical examination prior and after the shooting session. The medical examination consisted of anamnesis, clinical otorhinolaryngological examination, a...
Occupational exposure to impulse noise associated with shooting
International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics : JOSE, 2011
Shooting training is associated with exposure to a considerable amount of unique noise. We wanted to evaluate noise exposure during such training. Our observations especially apply to professional sport shooters, but they are also valid for shooting coaches/instructors. We collected acoustic signals in 10-, 25- and 50-m as well as open-air shooting ranges. The recorded material was analysed with orthogonal, adaptive parameterization by Shur. The mean duration of a single acoustic signal was 250-800 ms with the C-weighted sound peak pressure level of 138.2-165.2 dB. Shooters may be exposed to as many as 600-1350 acoustic impulses during a training unit. The actual load for the hearing organ of a professional shooter or a shooting coach is ~200 000 acoustic stimuli in a year-long training macrocycle. Orthogonal, adaptive parameterization by Shur makes safe scheduling of shooters' training possible.
Otoacoustic emissions in noise-induced cochlear damage in artillery soldiers
Indian Journal of Otology, 2015
Pure tone audiometry (PTA) can detect HL only after it has occurred whereas OAEs have been shown to detect NIHL at a preclinical stage. [6] Previous studies have revealed impaired OAE parameters in soldiers with lower auditory thresholds. OAE testing is sensitive and objective and, therefore, provides valuable information for the diagnosis of NIHL and for supporting audiometry in the diagnosis and monitoring of cochlear function when exposed to noise. [7,8] Despite a large body of literature indicating utility of distortion product OAEs (DPOAEs) in the detection of noise-induced cochlear damage in military personnel, it is yet to be universally accepted for the purpose. [9] The other screening modalities such as high-frequency and extended high-frequency audiometry and other varieties of OAEs have also been studied extensively for the purpose. However, there continues to be a dearth of well-established screening protocols for NIHL for use on a large scale. The OAEs can be used for screening in multiple ways. It can be a tool to screen individuals who already have NIHL and those who have a history of chronic exposure to noise. Transient evoked OAEs have been shown to be more useful for this purpose. Another use of OAEs for screening purposes
Low-level otoacoustic emissions may predict susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2006
In a longitudinal study with 338 volunteers, audiometric thresholds and otoacoustic emissions were measured before and after 6 months of noise exposure on an aircraft carrier. While the average amplitudes of the otoacoustic emissions decreased significantly, the average audiometric thresholds did not change. Furthermore, there were no significant correlations between changes in audiometric thresholds and changes in otoacoustic emissions. Changes in transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions and distortion-product otoacoustic emissions were moderately correlated. Eighteen ears acquired permanent audiometric threshold shifts. Only one-third of those ears showed significant otoacoustic emission shifts that mirrored their permanent threshold shifts. A Bayesian analysis indicated that permanent threshold shift status following a deployment was predicted by baseline low-level or absent otoacoustic emissions. The best predictor was transient-evoked otoacoustic emission amplitude in the 4-kHz half-octave frequency band, with risk increasing more than sixfold from approximately 3% to 20% as the emission amplitude decreased. It is possible that the otoacoustic emissions indicated noise-induced changes in the inner ear, undetected by audiometric tests. Otoacoustic emissions may therefore be a diagnostic predictor for noise-induced-hearing-loss risk.
The Interaction of Continuous and Impulse Noise: Audiometric Effects
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1973
MEETING ß ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA the applicability of an automatic monitor and self-calibration system for frequency and hearing level employing relevant computer peripheral equipment and a mini-digital computer. Unacceptable drifts in frequency and hearing level were intentionally introduced into the system by respectively turning the frequency selector dial of a function generator and an attenuator. After monitoring and, if indicated, computerized calibration, the signals were subsequently sampled via traditional calibration equipment to determine the frequency and hearing level parameters of the computer-revised signals. The obtained data were analyzed in terms of means, standard deviations, average deviations, and maximum errors encountered at each of six audiometric frequencies (250 Hz-8 kHz). The results of this study indicate the feasibility of providing frequent stimulus monitoring and self-calibration within a system of computerized audiometrics. •This research was supported, in part, by the University Research Council of the University of North Carolina.] EE7. Acoustical Signature of Some Hand Guns Commonly Employed in Law Enforcement. M. T. KOBAL AND P. G. WEISSLER, Institute for Basic Standards, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C. 20234.•Small condenser microphones and a storage oscilloscope were used to record the N-wave signatures from a 9-mm Ruger, 0.357 magnum, 0.41 magnum, 0.22 long rifle, 0.44 magnum, 12-gauge shotgun, and 0.22 rifle. Measurements were made at the ear of the person shooting and at the approximate position of a neighbor at a firing range. Data on peak SPL and durations (A and B durations) are given, as well as 'data obtained at a practice firing range. The results are discussed from the point of view of using ear defenders to protect against temporary and permanent threshold shift incurred during practice. [Research supported by the National Institute of Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice.-1 MEETING ß ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA