Use of Microsatellite Markers in an American Beech (Fagus grandifolia) Population and Paternity Testing (original) (raw)
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A panel of polymorphic microsatellite markers have been developed in coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens). Two loci in particular (Seq18D7-3 and Seq21E5) demonstrate the potential of microsatellite genotyping in the assessment of genetic diversity and inheritance in redwoods. The highly polymorphic Seq18D7-3 marker provided evidence for the planting of non-local redwood seedlings in a restored area of a state park and was used to genotype progeny from a controlled cross. A putative chloroplast microsatellite locus (Seq21E5) was shown to be paternally inherited in two controlled crosses and can therefore be used as a marker for alleles carried in pollen. Significant differences in allelic diversity were observed at the Seq21E5 locus in redwood populations with different ecological and management histories. Advantages of microsatellite analysis and its limitations (including the problem of null alleles) are discussed as well as its potential as a tool for forest management and conserv...
Applications of redwood genotyping by using microsatellite markers
2007
A panel of polymorphic microsatellite markers have been developed in coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens). Two loci in particular (Seq18D7-3 and Seq21E5) demonstrate the potential of microsatellite genotyping in the assessment of genetic diversity and inheritance in redwoods. The highly polymorphic Seq18D7-3 marker provided evidence for the planting of non-local redwood seedlings in a restored area of a state park and was used to genotype progeny from a controlled cross. A putative chloroplast microsatellite locus (Seq21E5) was shown to be paternally inherited in two controlled crosses and can therefore be used as a marker for alleles carried in pollen. Significant differences in allelic diversity were observed at the Seq21E5 locus in redwood populations with different ecological and management histories. Advantages of microsatellite analysis and its limitations (including the problem of null alleles) are discussed as well as its potential as a tool for forest management and conservation.
Forest Ecology and Management, 2007
The impact of forest management on genetic diversity and mating was examined in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). Ten beech stands located in Europe were studied in pair-wise plots, differing in management intensity. The stands were genotyped with four highly polymorphic microsatellite loci. Comparison for genetic diversity measures between the stands with limited management and the high management-intensity stands (mostly shelter wood system) revealed no significant differences for allelic richness (A), effective number of alleles (A e ), number of rare alleles (A rare ), neither for observed (H o ) nor expected heterozygosity (H e ). In all stands a significant excess of homozygotes was found, which is in agreement with previous isozyme publications. However, the increase in the inbreeding coefficient (F is ) in the stands with limited management was significantly higher than in the highly managed stands. Expectedly a low, but significant, differentiation among all stands was found (F st = 0.058) which still reveals a clear geographic structure.
Genetic structure and variability of phenological forms in the European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)
Annals of Forest Science, 2009
Microsatellite markers were used to describe the genetic structure and variability of early, intermediate and late phenological forms of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). Two hundred and seventy individuals from three populations located in southern Poland were divided into three forms according to the phenological criterion -bud burst, and analyzed for allelic variation at five highly polymorphic microsatellite loci. • Population differentiation was moderate and differed significantly among phenological forms. Average values of F ST and R ST decreased across phenological forms and amounted to F ST values of 0.135, 0.110 and 0.108 and R ST values of 0.365, 0.231 and 0.098 for early, intermediate and late forms of beech, respectively.
Plos One, 2013
The fine-scale assessment of both spatially and non-spatially distributed genetic variation is crucial to preserve forest genetic resources through appropriate forest management. Cryptic within-population genetic structure may be more common than previously thought in forest tree populations, which has strong implications for the potential of forests to adapt to environmental change. The present study was aimed at comparing within-population genetic structure in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) plots experiencing different disturbance levels. Five plot pairs made up by disturbed and undisturbed plots having the same biogeographic history were sampled throughout Europe. Overall, 1298 individuals were analyzed using four highly polymorphic nuclear microsatellite markers (SSRs). Bayesian clustering within plots identified 3 to 11 genetic clusters (within-plot h ST ranged from 0.025 to 0.124). The proportion of within-population genetic variation due to genetic substructuring (F CluPlot = 0.067) was higher than the differentiation among the 10 plots (F PlotTot = 0.045). Focusing on the comparison between managed and unmanaged plots, disturbance mostly explains differences in the complexity of within-population genetic structure, determining a reduction of the number of genetic clusters present in a standardized area. Our results show that: i) genetic substructuring needs to be investigated when studying the within-population genetic structure in forest tree populations, and ii) indices describing subtle characteristics of the within-population genetic structure are good candidates for providing early signals of the consequences of forest management, and of disturbance events in general. Citation: Piotti A, Leonardi S, Heuertz M, Buiteveld J, Geburek T, et al. (2013) Within-Population Genetic Structure in Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Stands Characterized by Different Disturbance Histories: Does Forest Management Simplify Population Substructure? PLoS ONE 8(9): e73391.
TAG Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2000
Microsatellites were used for genetic analysis of maternal half-sib families of Quercus robur, pedunculate oak, a highly outcrossing tree species. A model half-sib family including the mother tree and 28 o!spring individuals as well as samples from six single tree harvests from a forestry company, 4}8 individuals each, were genotyped at 9 microsatellite loci. No prior information about the genotypes of the mother trees were available for these six seedlot samples. Analysis of the model half-sib family revealed that the maternal genotypes can be inferred from the o!spring genotypes due to codominant Mendelian inheritance of the microsatellites. Analysis of the single tree harvests, supplied as six maternal half-sib families, revealed contaminations with unrelated seedlings in four out of six cases. Average relatedness between the remaining individuals indicated that they were indeed half-sibs, probably with a proportion of full-sibs among them. For "ve samples the genotypes of the mother trees were partially inferred from the o!spring genotypes. The supposed number of "ve di!erent mother trees was con"rmed by direct comparison of the maternal genotypes and by pairwise F 12 calculations between families. We show that correct genotype reconstruction can Communicated by P. M. A. Tigerstedt C. Lexer ' H. Steinkellner ( ) ' S. Kampfer ' J. GloK ssl Zentrum fuK r Angewandte Genetik, UniversitaK t fu K r Bodenkultur Wien, be con"rmed by monitoring recombination events between linked markers. Our results demonstrate that microsatellite analysis is a suitable means to approach two key problems of legal regulations on the marketing of seed material from pedunculate oak: the number of trees included in seed harvests and the detection of seed contaminations.
Genetika, 2013
Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is one of the most important forest trees in Bosnia and Herzegovina in both economic and environmental terms. The total area of forest in which beech is present is approx. 1,652,400 ha. There is a proportionate need to plant new forests and produce genetically high quality seed and saplings. Biochemical analysis of the genetic structure of eight populations of beech using ten enzyme systems from 16 isoenzyme gene loci revealed significant differences between the populations analyzed. Variance levels were high in some gene loci, while in some populations monomorphism was recorded only for individual gene loci. The average number of alleles per locus ranged from 2.1875 to 2.5625, and the average number of genotypes per locus varied from 2.6875 to 3.2500. The multilocus genetic diversity at the population level ranged from 63.276 to 162.001, and the genofund diversity varied from 1.2708 to 1.3416.The average differentiation value obtained for all populations ...
Microsatellite markers in coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens)
Molecular Ecology Notes, 2004
Five polymorphic microsatellite markers are described for coast redwood, a hexaploid conifer. Dinucleotide (three), trinucleotide (one) and tetranucleotide (one) repeat loci were isolated from a genomic plasmid library and amplified in a test population of 25 secondgrowth redwoods. There were three to 11 alleles per locus and observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.00 to 0.80. The nonheterozygous locus (a CTTA repeat) is probably of chloroplast origin and may have potential as a marker for paternal inheritance.