Egg quality of quails fed low methionine diet supplemented with betaine (original) (raw)
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Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
This study evaluated the sparing effect of betaine supplementation to low methionine laying hen diets on productive performance, egg quality, and unnirtun digestibility. A total of 250 Lohmann Brown laying hens, 25 sttew age stie randomly distributed into 5 treatments of 50 hens in 5 replicates. Five tested diets were formulated T1: 0.45% methionine with no betaine supplementation which basal considered as a control diet, T2: 0.40% methionine with 0.75g betaine/kg, T3: 0.40% methionine with 1.5g/ betaine/kg, T4: 0.35% methionine with 0.75g betaine/kg, and T5: 0.35% methionine with 1.5g betaine/kg. Betaine supplementation to low methionine diets affected significantly (P<0.05) on FI, FBW and BWG. No significant differences (P>0.05) in EP, EW, EM, FCR, SW, AYW, HU, and EYC due to treatment effect. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) among groups on ST due to betaine supplementation to low methionine diet compared to no betaine control diet. Moreover, hens fed 0.35 and 0.40% methionine with betaine supplementation improved (P<0.05) immunoglobulin titre (Ig) compared to those fed on the control diet. Betaine supplementation to low methionine diets had significantly (P<0.05) affected on NB and all nutrients digestibility except CF digestibility compared to no betaine diet (T1). Methionine levels effect had effect (P<0.05) on FI, FCR, FBW, BWG, ST, EYC, and Ig titre. Decreasing methionine level up to 0.35% did not significantly (P<0.05) affected on all nutrients digestibility, except CP digestibility and NB which were affected significantly. Betaine levels effect significantly affected (P<0.05) on FI, HU, EYC, and Ig titre, while no effect (P>0.05) due to betaine levels on EP, EW, EM, FCR, FBW, BWG, SW, ST, and AYW. It could be concluded that betaine supplementation had a role-sparing effect with a low methionine diet especially at level 0.35% without any negative effect on laying productivity, egg quality, and immune response.
Media Peternakan, 2015
The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of choline chloride supplementation at 1500 ppm in diets containing various levels of methionine on egg production and egg quality in quails. A total of 180 birds, at 6 week-old quail were divided into 18 experimental units, and assigned to a 2 x 3 factorial design experiment with 3 replications (10 birds each) in each treatment. The birds were offered diets containing choline chloride at either 0 (A1) or 1500 ppm (A2), with three levels of methionine namely, low (0.19%, B1), standard (0.79%, B2) and, high (1.05%, B3). The feeding trial lasted for 8 weeks. Supplementation of choline chloride in low methionine diet significantly (P<0.05) increased egg production, egg mass, and egg weight as compared to those without choline chloride supplementation. Supplementation of choline chloride significantly (P<0.05) increased egg yolk weight but decreased albumen and egg shell weight as compared to those fed diets without choline chloride supplementation. It can be concluded that supplementation of choline chloride to a diet containing low methionine increased egg production, without affecting egg quality.
The responses of slow growing chicks to different dietary levels of methionine and betaine and their interaction were investigated during the starter-grower period from 1 to 56 d of age. Therefore, a basal marginally methionine deficient all-mash corn-soybean meal diet was formulated to contain 0.32% methionine, 0.65% total sulphur amino acid (TSAA) and adequate level of choline (NRC, 1994). This diet was supplemented with 0, 0.05 and 0.10% of DL-methionine. Each methionine level was supplemented with 0.0, 0.035 and 0.07% betaine. Thus, there were nine experimental diets; each diet was fed to 40 chicks divided equally among 5 replicates of eight chicks each. Methionine level at 0.37 and 0.42% significantly improved BWG by 2.1 and 8.1% and FCR by 4.5 and 8.6% compared to the basal diet, respectively. Methionine level at 0.37 and 0.42% increased blood serum total protein, albumin, globulin, antibody response to Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and percentage carcass yield, feather weight and CP of muscle tissue compared to the basal diet. Moreover, methionine at 0.37 and 0.42% significantly decreased serum AST and ALT, and abdominal fat compared to the basal diet. Betaine supplementation at either 0.035 or 0.070% significantly improved BWG by 5.1 and 9.0%, and FCR by 8.4 and 12.0% compared to the basal diet, respectively. Betaine supplementation improved percentage carcass yield, feather weight and CP of muscle tissue, while a significant decrease in blood serum ALT was observed at 0.07% betaine. There were significant interaction between methionine level and betaine supplementation in BWG and FCR, indicating that betaine addition at 0.035% to the basal diet (0.32% methionine) resulted in similar BWG and FCR to those fed diet containing 0.37% methionine and supplemented with same level of betaine. Meanwhile, betaine supplementation at 0.07% to the basal diet resulted in similar BWG and FCR of those fed 0.37% methionine supplemented with 0.07% betaine or those fed 0.42% methionine without or with any level of betaine. In conclusion, slow growing chicks (14.6 g/d) during 1-56 d of age could be fed diet containing 0.42% methionine. However, when diet was supplemented with 0.07% betaine, methionine level could be decreased to 0.37 or even to 0.32%.
Animals
The present study was carried out to study the effects of varying dietary DL-methionine (0, 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5 g/kg) levels on the productive and reproductive performance, egg quality and blood biochemical parameters of quail breeders. In total, 150 mature Japanese quails at eight weeks of age were randomly allotted to five groups of 30 for each group. Each group included five replicates, each of six quails (four females and two males). The results showed that egg number, egg weight and egg mass were higher (p < 0.05) with the addition of all DL-methionine levels than that of the control group. Quails from the control group had a lower feed intake (p < 0.001) and a worse feed conversion ratio (FCR) than those from the DL-methionine-treated groups. Supplementation of DL-methionine up to 2.5 g/kg in quail diets increased fertility and hatchability percentages. Birds fed DL-methionine at 1.5 g/kg had the best egg production indices, better FCR and the highest values of fertil...
Protein, methionine+cystine and lysine levels for Japanese quails during the production phase
Revista Brasileira de Ciência Avícola, 2005
An experiment was conducted at Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia/Unesp-Botucatu for 168 days to evaluate the effects of protein, Met + Cys and lysine diet levels on egg production and egg quality of laying Japanese quails. Quails with 42 days of age were reared in a completely randomized design. There were 1,944 quails distributed in four replicates of 27 birds per pen, according to a factorial 3x3x2 with three crude protein levels (16, 18 and 20% CP), three Met + Cys levels (0.700; 0.875 and 1.050%) and two lysine levels (1.100 and 1.375%). Birds fed diets with 18 and 20% CP had higher feed intake and egg production than those fed diets with 16% CP. There was significant interaction (p<0.05) between protein and Met + Cys levels on egg weight. There was no effects (p>0.05) of the protein level on feed conversion per dozen eggs; however, improved feed conversion per egg mass was seen for birds fed diets with 20% CP compared to those fed diets with 16% and 18% CP. Protein and lipid percentage in the yolk increased when dietary protein level increased from 16 to 18%. Increasing Met + Cys from 0.700% to 0.875% reduced yolk protein percentage. Higher lipid percentage in the yolk was seen in eggs from quails fed diets with 1.050% Met + Cys, whereas 1.375% lysine in the diet of resulted in decreased egg production and egg mass, besides poorer feed conversion per dozen eggs and per egg mass.
Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 2012
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different levels of methionine, protein and tallow on productive performance and egg quality of laying hens in the late phase of production. A completely randomized design with a 3×2×2 factorial arrangement, with three levels (0.34, 0.31, and 0.27%) of methionine (MET), two levels (12.8 and 14.7%) of protein (PRO) and two levels (1 and 3%) of tallow (TAL) with constant level of linoleic acid (1.55 ± 0.02%), was used. A number of 144 Hi-Line W-36 layers from 70 to 76 wk of age was randomly distributed into 12 treatment groups with 4 replicates of 3 hens each. Egg production and egg weight were daily recorded and feed intake and egg quality traits were recorded every 2 wk. There was a significant interaction between PRO levels and TAL for egg weight. Low levels of TAL and PRO decreased egg weight throughout the experiment. High levels of MET and TAL with concomitant reduced PRO, increased eggshell thickness, and a significant interaction between levels of MET, PRO and TAL was observed during the experiment (70 to 76 wk). Low level of protein (12.8%) significantly decreased albumen weight in the third 2-wk period. Yolk color increased when hens were fed low levels of PRO and TAL. Results of this experiment indicated that the simultaneous reduction of dietary PRO and MET in diets of Hi-Line W-36 laying hens in the late phase of production, reduced egg weight (P<0.05). Productive performance and egg quality were not affected by 12 and 20% reduction of PRO and MET, respectively. It seems that decreasing the levels of MET and PRO to lower than the recommended values can decrease egg weight without negative effects on productive performance and egg quality of laying hens in the late phase of production.
Nutritional requirements of digestible methionine + cystine for Japanese quails in production phase
Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2009
This experiment was carried with Japanese quails in the egg production phase with the objective of determining the requirements of digestible methionine + cystine (M+C) for higher production and egg quality. A total of 240 Japanese quails were distributed in a randomized complete block design. The basal diet was supplemented with different DL-methionine levels, corresponding to digestible methionine + cystine levels of 0.55, 0.61, 0.67, 0.73 and 0.79%. The characteristics analyzed were feed intake (g/quail/day), egg production (%), egg weight (g), egg mass (g/quail/day), feed conversion (dozen eggs/egg mass and kg feed/dozen eggs), egg shell (% and g), albumen (% and g), yolk (% and g) and specific gravity (g/cm 3). The digestible M+C level for Japanese quails was 0.696% in the diet, corresponding to a daily intake of 186.7 mg/quail.
Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 2015
The aim of the present research was to determine the effects of arginine and lysine supplementation in laying quail diets on performance and egg quality characteristics. A total of 420 Japanese quails (280 females and 140 males; Coturnix coturnix japonica) aged 10 weeks old were divided into seven equal groups, each consisting of 60 quails. The control group was fed a basal diet without the addition of arginine or lysine (with an arginine:lysine ratio at the required level). Experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with: 0.1% arginine; 0.2% arginine; 0.1% lysine; 0.2% lysine; 0.1% arginine + 0.1% lysine; or 0.2% arginine + 0.2% lysine. Feed intake decreased in the 0.1% lysine, 0.2% lysine, and 0.1% arginine + 0.1% lysine groups compared with the control and arginine groups (P<0.01). At the end of the experiment, body weight increased for females in all experimental groups (P<0.05); eggshell thickness decreased in the 0.2% arginine group (P<0.01); and the albumen index increased in the 0.2% arginine + 0.2% lysine group compared with the 0.1% arginine, 0.2% lysine, and 0.1% arginine + 0.1% lysine groups (P<0.05). There were no differences between the experimental groups in terms of egg production, egg weight, feed conversion ratio, shape index, Haugh unit, yolk index, albumen index and yolk color index. In conclusion, lysine supplementation in the quail diets did not appear to have any significant negative effect; excessive arginine supplementation might impair the quality of the eggshell; and combined arginine and lysine supplementation did not improve performance.
2005
The response of slow growing chicks to different dietary levels of choline and\or betaine was investigated during the starter-grower period from 1 to 56 d of age. Therefore, a basal all-mash corn-soybean meal diet was formulated to contain 872 mg of choline based on native one. This diet was supplemented with 0, 300 and 600 mg of choline, from feed grade choline chloride (50%), which is equal to 872, 1172 and 1472 mg total choline/kg feed. Each choline level was supplemented with, 0.0, 0.072 and 0.144% betaine. Thus there were nine experimental diets; each diet was fed to 45 chicks divided equally among 5 replicates of nine unsexed chicks each. Irrespective of betaine addition, choline supplementation at 300 mg/kg diet significantly increased BWG by 3.2% and insignificantly improved FCR by 3.3% compared t o unsupplemented basal diet (872 mg choline/kg diet). Choline supplementation at either medium or high level significantly increased blood serum albumin, while response to SRBC's was linearly (P<0.05) increased with increasing choline supplementation. Furthermore, choline at only 1172 mg/kg diet significantly decreased relative weight of abdominal fat, while increasing choline level to 1472 mg/kg diet did not affect relative weight of abdominal fat. Irrespective of choline supplementation, betaine addition at either 0.072 or 0.144% significantly improved BWG by 4.4 and 4.8%, and FCR by 4.2 and 6.1% compared to the basal diet, respectively. Betaine addition at 0.072 and 0.144% significantly increased serum total protein, albumen, and secondary response to SRBC's, while primary responses to SRBC's was linearly increased (P<0.05) with increasing betaine addition. Betaine significantly decreased relative weight of abdominal fat linearly. Results indicated that betaine addition at 0.072% to 872, 1172 or 1472 mg choline-containing diet increased BWG by 3.9, 4.1 and 5.1% and improved FCR by 4.1, 4.3 and 4.8% compared to their respective controls, respectively. Also, betaine addition at 0.144% to 872, 1172 and 1472 mg/kg diet increased BWG by 5.0, 4.9 and 4.4% and improved FCR by 4.8, 4.3 and 4.1% compared to their respective controls, respectively. Betaine addition at 0.072 or 0.144% to the basal diet containing 872 mg choline resulted in similar BWG and FCR, serum total protein, albumen and primary response to SRBC's of those fed diet containing 1172 or 1472 mg choline. In conclusion, slow growing chicks gained 13.3 g/d during 1-56 d of age required a choline level of 1172 mg/kg feed. However, choline level of 872 mg choline, which derived from native one, was adequate when dietary 0.072% betaine was added.
J. Agric. Sci, 2001
An in vivo experiment was conducted to determine the effect of dietary betaine supplementation (Betafin ®) as a replacement for methionine on broiler performance and carcass characteristics. In a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments of betaine levels (at 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% in replacement for methionine) and five replicates of 10 birds/replicate, two hundred fifty-day-old Ross broiler chicks were randomly distributed in cages and fed the experimental diets from 0 to 49 days of age. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. Feed intake and body weight were recorded weekly. At 49 days of age, one bird from each replicate was killed for comparison of carcass characteristics. Betaine replacement for methionine had no effect on feed intake and feed to gain ratio but decreased body weight gain at 0 to 3 (P<0.0465) and 0 to 7 weeks of age (P<0.01). Betaine as a replacement for methionine decreased the breast weight (P<0.025) and tended to reduce the abdominal fat pad (48.9 vs 40.4 grams , 100% methionine vs 100% betaine replacement for methionine). The present findings do not support the hypothesis that betaine can effectively replace methionine.