Sociodemographic profile of psychoactive substance use among selected secondary school students in rural Nigeria (original) (raw)
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Data on socio-demographic correlates of some psychoactive substance consumption were collected from a sample of 860 senior secondary school adolescents in Enugu, Nigeria, using a modified WHO Student drug use questionnaire. By means of frequency and percentages of responses to items on the questionnaire, results showed that 33.7% of the respondents were substance abusers. Alcohol was most commonly abused (31.6%) while cannabis was the least (4.1%). Age of initiation of substance use was lower than some reports from other centres. Apart from alcohol, there was statistically significant difference between the proportion that abused the different substances within the age groups (p=0.001). Males consumed most psychoactive substances more frequently than the females. Cigarette and cannabis were the exclusive preserve of the males. Seventy-five percent of the students were involved in multiple substance abuse. The older students were more involved in multiple abuses compared to the younger ones. The highest prevalence for daily substance use was found among those who used cigarette and coffee. Conclusion There is high involvement of adolescent students in substance abuse with a tendecy to early initiation. Since early substance use among adolescents impacts on the health, leads to risky sexual behaviour and other injurious activities, there is need for parents, school authorities and government to take pay serious attention to this problem in our environment. We advocate regular counseling in schools so as to sustain the awareness of the consequencies of substance abuse among adolescents.
2020
Background: The use and abuse of psychoactive substances among adolescents pose serious health problems in society. It is crucial to ascertain the factors predisposing adolescents to this in order to enable action by stakeholders. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and factors associated with psychoactive substance use among in-school adolescents in Zaria Local Government Area (LGA) of Kaduna State, Nigeria. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in nine secondary schools selected by balloting with a sample size of 639 students. A semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information on socio-demographics and lifetime/current use of psychoactive substances. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and logistic regression at P=0.05. Results: The mean age of respondents was 15.98±1.52 years, 51% were male, and 54.6% were aged 14-16 years. The lifetime and current prevalence of psychoactive substances...
Psychoactive substance use has been a major challenge among secondary schools in Nigeria with associated physical, health and mental health complications. This study was aimed to establish the prevalence, pattern and sociodemographic correlates of psychoactive substance use among secondary school students in a locality in Nigeria. Method: This is a descriptive study, permission was obtained from appropriate school authorities and consent was taken from each participant. The W H O Students' Drug Use Questionnaire which had been previously validated was used to obtain drug use information from the respondents. The data collected was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences [ SPSS 16] and p value set at less than 0.05. Results: A total of 940 students were analyzed of whom 53.4% n= 502 were males and 46.6% [438] were females. The mean age was 14.3 years. 73.8% [n=694] lived with their parents, 12.9% [n=121] lived outside the home, 10.9% [n=102] with guardians and 2.4% with friends. The commonest substances used were alcohol, stimulants and hypnosedatives with life time use prevalent rates of 41.2%, 24.5% and 7.0% and current use prevalent rates of 17.8%, 18.4% and 2.3% respectively. The life time use prevalent rates of nicotine, opioids, cocaine and cannabis were 6.6%, 1.9%, 0.3% and 2.2%. Stimulant [coffee and kolanuts] was the most common currently used substance with prevalence of 18.4%. The overall lifetime prevalence use rate of any substance was 86.8%. Logistic regression analysis showed that parental drug use, use of drug by peers and school mates, gender and residential place significantly correlated with the use of drug by the students. Conclusion: Psychoactive substance use was prevalent among secondary school students in this study and it is advocated that concerted efforts should made to stem the trend through massive campaign by government and non governmental bodies against drug abuse and inclusion of drug education in schools curriculum.
Asian J. Pharm. Res., 2017
The abuse of chemicals particularly psychoactive substances has been on the increase amongst the youth populace to the extent of becoming a front burner and top category public health concern in many developing nations of Africa, hence the aim of this study to evaluate the use of psychoactive substance and its risk factors among secondary school students in Port Harcourt LGA of Rivers State, so as to establish the prevalence rate of the use of the substances among the student populace. The research is a prospective study of 450 students of age between 11-21 years, chosen randomly in secondary schools of Rivers State. A pre-coded structured and self-administered substance use questionnaire was employed in the survey with the contents ascertained by experts. The results showed that a range of between 68%-83% of the respondents claimed knowledge of the use of substance. 21.7% claimed part use of substance while 52.1% and 30.5% claimed ever and current use respectively. The commonly used substances were cannabis-16.7%, tobacco-14.3%, alcohol-8.3%, and analgesics-0 46.7%. The overall prevalence among the respondents was 30%. Generally, the study revealed that the male drug users were significantly higher than the female drug users and also indicated that majority of the substance users were influenced by psychological factors. It is suggested that there is need to develop a viable substance abuse preventive programme in our schools. This study is recommended as a material for stakeholders of education for strategic health preventive campaigns.
Journal of Addiction Research & Therapy, 2017
Background: Psychoactive substance use among undergraduate students is a major public health problem globally and over 29 million people worldwide suffer from drug use disorders. Methodology: This study was carried out in February 2017 and the study design was an institution based descriptive cross-sectional type. The study population comprised undergraduate students in selected tertiary institutions of the state. A multistage sampling technique was used in the selection of study subjects. Data was collected using a pretested, semi-structured and self-administered questionnaire and analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 20. The level of statistical significance was set at p-value of ≤ 0.05. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 22.2 ± 3.8 years. The prevalence of the life time and current use of stimulants were 45.3% and 29.1% respectively and tobacco was the commonest stimulant used both in the past (50.3%) and currently (48.0%). Peer group influence was the commonest reason for initiating use of psychoactive substances. Factors significantly associated with current use of stimulants among the students were; gender (p<0.0001), level of study (p=0.012), accommodation statues (p<0.0001) and status of parents union (p=0.007). Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of psychoactive substance use among the respondents thus appropriate preventive measures should be adopted to minimise this menace.
Psychoactive Substance Use among Nigerian Secondary School Students: A Review of Current Literature
Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2020
Substance use is a global health issue that may lead to engagement in other risky behaviours, addiction, accidents and non-communicable diseases. In Nigeria, this risky behaviour is becoming an emerging trend among secondary school students. This review was thus carried out to gain an overview of the prevalence and risk factors of substance use among secondary school students in Nigeria. A literature search of articles in Scopus, PubMed and other online databases was conducted for articles published between 2009 to 2019. Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall, psychoactive substance ranged from 21% to 87%. Alcohol consumption was the highest, while the use of tobacco, cannabis, and cocaine was low. The mean age at initiation ranged from 11 to 15 years. Male gender, peer influence, parental factors, individual factors and knowledge on the dangers of psychoactive substance use were common factors associated with substance use among Nigerian secondary school students. Scho...
Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research
Aim: The use of various substances is very common among the populace. These agents are readily abused by adolescents and youths who are introduced to these substances at an early age in life. This thus leads to abuse and misuse that eventually has a catastrophic outcome to the society at large. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of substance use among in-school and out-of-school adolescents; a comparative analysis in Anambra State, Nigeria. Study Design: This was a cross-sectional comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in schools, parks and markets of Onitsha municipal area of Anambra State, Nigeria, from September 2019-April 2020. Methodology: A total of 250 in-school and 250 out-of-school adolescents aged 10-19 years, within Onitsha municipal area was sampled through the use of a semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire, that was adapted from a WHO designed instrument on drug use among non-student youths. Frequency ...
South African Journal of Psychiatry
In Nigeria, common drugs of use were categorised by Haladu 3 as social drugs, stimulants hallucinogens, narcotics sedatives, tranquilisers and miscellaneous solvents. Haladu 3 also identified common factors motivating students to start drug use, including experimental curiosity, peer influence, lack of parental supervision, personality problems, the need for energy to work for long hours, availability of drugs of use, exposure on social media, the need to prevent the occurrence of withdrawal symptoms, purchasing power and cultism. These factors have been confirmed in several findings amongst Nigeria adolescents. Students, especially those in secondary schools, tend to see the drug user as one who is tough, bold and strong. 4 Many Background: Drug abuse, an excessive and persistent self-administration of a drug without regard to the medically or culturally accepted patterns, has been reported amongst teenagers and adolescents in various regions of the world. Aim: This study aimed to measure the prevalence of drug use amongst students of junior and senior secondary schools (aged 10-15 years). Setting: This study was conducted at two local government areas in Lagos State. Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out in Ikotun or Igando local council development area (LCDA) and Ikoyi LCDA of Lagos State. Students were sampled using stratified random sampling with classes as strata and sampling performed by balloting. The modified WHO Model Drug Use Survey Questionnaire was distributed to the students for self-reporting. Ethical approval was received from district school boards. Results: A total of 1048 students participated in the survey. In this study, alcohol had the highest lifetime drug prevalence rate (29.1%), followed by pharmaceutical opioids (9%). Gender, educational level, type of school management, and geographical economic distribution were found to be predictors of prevalence of drug use. This study demonstrated significant differences in the prevalence of tobacco and opioids use among students in private and public schools; and documented statistically significant differences in the prevalence of cocaine use between low income and high-income areas in two LCDAs in Lagos, Nigeria. Conclusion: Prevalence of lifetime, recent use, and current use of drugs among secondary school students in two LCDAs located in Lagos State, Nigeria were documented with alcohol as the drug with the highest prevalence.
2017
Despite the existing scanty data on patterns of drug abuse in specific groups in the Nigerian communities due to the tendency of changing patterns in illicit drug use with various alarming reports on same points to the need to constantly update information on the use of drugs among Nigerian adolescents. This was a cross sectional, descriptive study on the prevalence of substance use amongst adolescents. A total number of 400 Senior Secondary Schools 1,2,3 students from two selected schools in Kagoro Chiefdom of Kaura local government area in Kaduna State (Nigeria) were randomly administered with a pre-coded four sections (socio-demographic information, drug awareness and use, attitude of the students to drug abuse and practice of substance abuse). Out of a total of 400 respondents, which males constituted 75% and females 25% of substance users. 89.20% were aware of substance use and 10.80 % were not aware. Substances used were alcohol (52.58%), analgesics (33.7%), marijuana (2.59%),...