Economic Growth and Emissions: Testing the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis for Ecowas COUNTRIES.1 (original) (raw)
The objective of this paper is to establish whether the estimated relationship between environmental degradation and per capita income corroborates the inverted U-shape hypothesis as exemplified by the Environmental Kuznets curves (EKCs) in selected ECOWAS countries. Considering two variants of emissions-sulfur dioxide (SO2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) and using panel fixed and random effects estimation techniques, the study indicates the existence of EKCs for the two variants of environmental quality. Experimentation with augmented quadratic equations, however, does not in some cases produce consistent results for SO2; while cubic polynomial forms suggest N-shaped EKCs for CO2.The turning points estimated for the two indicators of environmental quality are relatively low, which suggests a demonstration of the low level of development in the sub-region that may be related to high incidence of poverty. The major drivers of SO2 in the subregion are fuel processing and fuel combustion led...
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