From Subandar to Tridharma: Transformations and interactions of Chinese communities in Bali (original) (raw)

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This paper explores the transformations and interactions of Chinese communities in Bali, focusing on their religious practices and economic roles within the local context. It argues that these communities maintained a distinct cultural identity rooted in their economic functions, particularly as subandars—trade masters who engaged with Balinese authorities. Through historical and anthropological analysis, it examines the complex relationships that developed between Chinese immigrants and local Balinese populations, emphasizing a hybridization of cultural practices.

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Mapping Chineseness on the landscape of Christian churches in Indonesia

Asian Ethnicity, 2016

Scholarship on the Chinese Indonesian community has largely been concerned with the tensions between the community and the majority non-Chinese (or pribumi). The fault lines were usually examined against the background of Suharto’s assimilation policy, the 1998 anti-Chinese riots, the stark imbalance of the nation’s wealth within this minority group, and Chinese loyalty – or chauvinism – in the time of nation-building, and in the face of the rise of modern China. Little attention has been given to Christianity as offering a shelter for the inconspicuous propagation of Chineseness; particularly in terms of the conduct of services in Chinese, the teaching of the language, and business-management leadership. The network of Chinese churches locally, and extending internationally beyond Indonesia, represents a rich field for further scholarship. This article sets out an epistemological map in the service of such research.

Chinese Muslims in Colonial and Postcolonial Indonesia

2007

This paper is an historical survey of Chinese Muslims in Indonesia. The author reviews Chinese migration to the Indonesian archipelago in the pre-colonial era, the forces that stimulated conversion to Islam, and the hybrid cultures that emerged from this process. The effects of the colonial and post-colonial periods on this process are also examined. Finally, the author focuses on the role of post-colonial organizations in challenging, defending and/or asserting new historical, Islamic and Chinese identities.

How Does a Foreign Religion Thrive in an Indigenous Culture? A Comparative Study of the Spread of Foreign Religions in the Chinese-Speaking Cultural Sphere

Budhi: A Journal of Ideas and Culture, 2013

Religion can be considered, on one hand, to be a human practice dependent on its own culture. On the other hand, religion is also a system of beliefs with a dogmatic character. Because religion has the tendency to preserve its cultural form, it therefore encounters a paradoxical problem of adaptation when it spreads within a foreign cultural area: How can an extending religion retain both its own cultural core as well as be adaptable and modifiable, in order to be accepted by other foreign cultures? Through a comparison of the history of the spread of Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam within the Chinese-speaking cultural sphere before the early 1900s, this essay intends to shed light on the hermeneutic process of the intercultural adaptation of foreign religions.

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