Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from poultry and poultry environment of Bangladesh. Lab of environmental bioscience, and department of biological chemistry, faculty of Agriculture (original) (raw)
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American Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2009
Isolation and identification of Escherichia coli were made from poultry sources of different poultry markets in the capital city of Bangladesh. Out of total 250 samples, 50 from each of cloacal swab, intestinal fluid, egg surface, faecal material and hand wash of chicken handlers, 145 (58%) were found to be positive for E. coli prevalence. 80 selected strains were thoroughly characterized by standard cultural and biochemical tests followed by final identification using latex agglutination test with several polyvalent anti-sera. 50 identified strains were subjected to 13 antimicrobial agents to check their susceptibility. 88%, 82%, 80%, 76%, 70%, 68%, 64%, 58%, 52%, and 20% of the tested Escherichia coli strains from poultry sources were found resistant respectively to Penicillin, Ciprofloxacin,
Microbes and Health, 2013
Escherichia coli known to cause food-borne illnesses worldwide that are closely associated with the consumption of contaminated poultry and egg products. This study was undertaken for cultural, biochemical and antibiotic sensitivity analyses of E. coli recovered from apparently healthy chickens. Cloacal samples (n=350) were aseptically collected from layers (n=150), broilers (n=150) and indigenous chickens (n=50). The samples were enriched in nutrient broth and streaked onto eosin methylene blue (EMB) agar, MacConkey (MC) agar, blood agar, salmonella-shigella (SS) agar and brilliant green agar (BGA) for cultural characterization of the E. coli isolates. Culture-positive samples yielded characteristic colonies of E. coli with metallic sheen on EMB agar, bright pink or red colonies on MC agar, hemolysis on blood agar, slight pink smooth colonies on SS agar and green color colonies on BGA media. The E. coli isolates produced acid and gas by fermenting sugars (dextrose, sucrose, lactose, maltose and mannitol) and gave positive reaction to indole, methyl red (MR) and catalase tests, but were negative to Voges-Proskauer (VP) test. The prevalence of E. coli in layers, broilers and indigenous chickens were 78.67, 82 and 70%, respectively. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern demonstrated that E. coli isolates were mostly sensitive to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and cephalexin, and resistant to streptomycin, tetracycline, amoxicillin and nalidixic acid. Data of this study suggested that intestine of chicken could be a major reservoir of antibiotic resistant E. coli.
BioMed Research International, 2023
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant public health issue in Bangladesh like many other developing countries where data on resistance trends are scarce. Moreover, the existence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli exerts an ominous effect on the poultry sector. Therefore, the current systematic review, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, was conducted to find out the AMR scenarios in E. coli isolates sourced from poultry and poultry environments in Bangladesh between 2010 and 2021. Following the PRISMA guidelines, a total of 17 published scientific articles were selected for this systematic review. This review revealed that 18 out of 64 districts in Bangladesh reported E. coli in poultry, having a higher prevalence (combined prevalence: 69.3%, 95% confidence interval, CI: 67.3-71%). Moreover, the prevalence ranged from 24.3% to 100%. This review found that E. coli isolates showed resistance to 14 antimicrobial classes and 45 different antimicrobial agents, including the last-line (reserve group) antibiotics and banned antimicrobial categories for the treatment of infections in agricultural animals. Phenotypic resistance of E. coli against penicillins and beta-lactamase inhibitors (20.2%-100%), cephalosporins (1.9%-100%), fluoroquinolones (5.98%-100%), aminoglycosides (6%-100%), tetracyclines (17.7%-100%), carbapenems (13.6%-72.7%), macrolides (11.8%-100%), polymyxins (7.9%-100%), phenicols (20%-97.2%), sulfa drugs (44.7%-100%), cephamycins (21.4%-48.8%), nitrofurans (21.4%-63.2%), monobactams (1.2%), and glycylcyclines (2.3%) was recorded in the last decades in Bangladesh. Also, 14 articles reported MDR E. coli in poultry, including a 100% MDR in nine articles and a 92.7% (95% CI: 91.2-94%) combined percentage of MDR E. coli isolates. Twenty-four different AMR genes encoding resistance to beta-lactams (blaTEM, blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-2, blaCTX-M-9, blaOXA-1, blaOXA-47, blaSHV, and CITM), colistin (mcr1 and mcr3), fluoroquinolones (qnrB and qnrS), tetracyclines (tetA, tetB, and tetC), sulfonamides (sulI and sulII), trimethoprim (dfrA1), aminoglycosides (rmtB), streptomycin (aadA1), gentamicin (aac-3-IV), erythromycin (ereA), and chloramphenicol (catA1 and cmlA) were detected in E. coli isolates. The presence of MDR E. coli and their corresponding resistance genes in poultry and poultry environments is an alarming issue for all health communities in Bangladesh. We suggest a regular antimicrobial surveillance program with a strong One Health approach to lessen the hazardous effects of AMR E. coli in poultry industries in Bangladesh.
Frequency of drug resistant Escherichia coli isolated from commercial broiler chicken in Bangladesh
The study was conducted to isolate and identify Escherichia coli from naturally healthy looking broiler chicken sold at local market in Sylhet region of Bangladesh. The study was also focused on the investigation of drug sensitivity and resistance pattern of the isolated organisms. A total of 100 samples comprising of 80 cloacal swabs and 20 liver samples were collected from apparently healthy broiler. Of these 35 (43.75%) cloacal swabs and 7 (35%) liver samples were found positive for E. coli. All isolates revealed same morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics. All isolates possessed E. coli specific 16s rRNA gene detected by PCR using the primers ECO-1 and ECO-2. The antibiotic sensitivity test demonstrated that the isolates were multidrug resistant against Gentamycin, Erythromycin, Penicillin, Cephalexine, Amoxicillin, Nalidixic Acid while sensitive to Ceftriaxon. The high level of antibiotic resistance in Broiler chicken of Bangladesh indicates that widespread use of antibiotics as feed additives for growth promotion and disease prevention could have negative implications for human and animal health and the environment
2012
From 182 birds of different farms of odisha suspected for colibacillosis 317 swab samples containing 51 air sacs, 39 lungs, 53 livers, 36 heart bloods, 45 pericardial fluids, 19 yolk sacs and 74 intestine samples were processed for isolation and identification of pathogenic E. coli. and subjected to detail bacteriological and biochemical examination in the laboratory and 105 E. coli isolates were isolated following standard procedures. The percentage of isolation of E. coli isolates in decreasing order was yolk sac (52.6%) and heart blood (38.4%) in 0-4 week birds. In older birds (4-7week) the highest percentage of isolation was from pericardial fluid (35.8%) followed by heart blood (33.4%). The present study showed that the frequency of occurrence of O9 strain is highest (16.7%) followed by O1, O33 & O51 (13.3%), O23 & O119 (10%), O103 & 79 (6.7%) and serotype O90 (3.3%). The antibiogram study reveals that, E. coli isolates found were highly resistant to some of the classical drugs like chlortetracycline (88.58%), streptomycin (85.72%), penicillin-G (82.86%), amikacin (82.86%), furazolidone (77.14%), ampicillin (74.29%), Tetracycline(74.29%), Amoxicillin (71.43%) and cotrimoxazole (71.43%), while isolates were highly sensitive to ceftriaxone and tazobactum (94.29%), ceftriaxone (91.43%), gentamicin (85.72%), chloromphenicol (82.67%), cephotaxime (77.14%), cefixime (74.29%) and ciprofloxacin (74.29%).
Antibiotic resistance in avian bacterial pathogens is a common problem in the Bangladesh poultry industry. The aim of the present study was to provide information on the present status of antibiotic resistance patterns in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in Bangladesh. Of 279 dead or sick poultry of different ages, 101 pathogenic E. coli strains isolated from broilers and layer hens with colibacillosis infections were screened to determine phenotypic expression of antimicrobial resistance against 13 antibiotics used in both veterinary and human medicine in Bangladesh. Of 101 pathogenic E. coli isolates, more than 55% were resistant to at least one or more of the tested compounds, and 36.6% of the isolates showed multiple-drug-resistant phenotypes. The most common resistances observed were against tetracycline (45.5%), trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (26.7%), nalidixic acid (25.7%), ampicillin (25.7%), and streptomycin (20.8%). Resistance to ciprofloxacin (12.9%), chlormaphenicol (8.9%), nitrofurantoin (2%), and gentamicin (2%) was also observed, and none of the isolates were resistant to tigecycline as well as extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers. One isolate was resistant to cefuroxime (1%), cefadroxil (1%), and mecillinam (1%) but was not an ESBL producer. Resistance rates, although significant in Bangladeshi isolates, were found to be lower than those reported for avian isolates from the Republic of Korea and clinical, avian, and environmental isolates from Bangladesh. The high level of antibiotic resistance in avian pathogens from Bangladesh is worrisome and indicates that widespread use of antibiotics as feed additives for growth promotion and disease prevention could have negative implications for human and animal health and the environment. RESUMEN. Nota de Investigación-Alta prevalencia de resistencia a los antibióticos en cepas patogénicas de Escherichia coli de granjas avícolas pequeñas y en gran escala de Bangladesh. Resistencia a los antibióticos en bacterias patógenas aviares es un problema común en la industria avícola en Bangladesh. El objetivo del presente estudio fue proporcionar información sobre la situación actual de los patrones de resistencia a los antibióticos en Escherichia coli patógena aviar en Bangladesh. De las 279 de aves muertas o enfermas de diferentes edades, se aislaron 101 cepas patógenas de E. coli de pollos de engorde y de gallinas ponedoras con infecciones por colibacilosis y se examinaron para determinar la expresión fenotípica de la resistencia frente a los 13 antibióticos utilizados en medicina veterinaria y humana en Bangladesh. De 101 aislamientos de E. coli patógena, más del 55% eran resistentes al menos a uno o más de los compuestos analizados, y el 36.6% de los aislamientos mostraron varios fenotipos resistentes a los medicamentos. Las resistencias más comunes observadas fueron en contra de la tetraciclina (45.5%), trimetoprim-sulfametoxazol (26.7%), ácido nalidíxico (25.7%), ampicilina (25.7%) y estreptomicina (20.8%). Se observó también resistencia a la ciprofloxacina (12.9%), cloranfenicol (8.9%), nitrofurantoína (2%) y gentamicina (2%) y ninguno de los aislados fueron resistentes a la tigeciclina, así como a los productores de beta lactamasas de amplio espectro (ESBL). Un aislamiento resistente a la cefuroxima (1%), cefadroxilo (1%), y mecillinam (1%), pero no resultó ser un productor de ESBL. Las tasas de resistencia, aunque fueron significativas en los aislamientos de Bangladesh, resultaron ser inferiores a las reportados para los aislamientos aviares de la República de Corea y para los aislamientos clínicos aviares y del medio ambiente de Bangladesh. El alto nivel de resistencia a los antibióticos en patógenos aviares procedentes de Bangladesh es preocupante e indica que el uso generalizado de antibióticos como aditivos en la alimentación para estimular el crecimiento y la prevención de la enfermedad podría tener consecuencias negativas para la salud humana y animal y el medio ambiente.
Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2023
Resistance to antimicrobial drugs among bacterial pathogens is an emerging problem. Bacterial resistance to betalactam antibiotics has grown significantly. The present study aims at isolation, identification, phenotypic confirmation of ESBL-producer, and antimicrobial resistance pattern of Escherichia coli isolated from poultry faecal samples. A total of 120 samples were collected from 30 different poultry farms in Banaskantha district. 108 out of 120 samples were confirmed as E. coli using microscopic, biochemical tests, followed by species-specific 16S rRNA PCR; among them, broiler 65 (92.85%) and layer 43 (86%) were confirmed as E. coli. The phenotypic ESBL-production was detected in 54 (50%) isolates with broiler (29.62%) and layer (20.28%) farms. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern revealed the highest resistance was identified against Cefpodoxime 100%, followed by Tetracycline 97.22%, Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid 95.37%, Nalidixic Acid 94.44%, Enrofloxacin 91.66%, Co-trimaxazole 90.74%, Ampicillin 78.70% and Amikacin 57.40%. The 95.37% and 77.77% isolates showed susceptibility to Imipenem and Cefoxitin, respectively. Thus, it may be concluded that in the current study, isolates revealed multidrug resistance against antimicrobial agents commonly used in veterinary and human practice. This implies that the existing practice of misuse and improper use of antibiotics in poultry accelerates antimicrobial resistance in poultry.
This study has been undertaken to isolate and characterise Escherichia coli strains from raw poultry meat in West Bengal, determine their pathogenicity and identify the prevalent serotypes and their antibiogram. A total of 83 raw poultry meat samples were collected from February to July 2004. Thirty-three samples (39.76%) were positive for E. coli. The majority of highly pathogenic E. coli belonged to O3, O6, O25, O73, O120 whereas the highly enteropathogenic E. coli belonged to O6, O25, and O158. Most isolates (84% - 100%) were sensitive to chloramphenicol, amikacin and gentamicin, they were (92% - 100%) also resistant to novobiocin, cefixime, sulphafurazole, vancomycin. Considering the frequency of E. coli serogroups O6, O25, O158 which are important zoonotic pathogens, special attention needs to be paid in order to maintain strict hygienic measures in the retail meat shops, so to avoid serious health risks for the retailers and for the consumers.
Isolation and antibacterial susceptibility of Escherichia coli from poultry
2020
Escherichia coli is one of the leading cause of morbidity and mortality of poultry throughout the world, leading to remarkable economic burden. Human cases of antibiotic resistance has been recently linked to drug resistant animal source bacteria, which have drawn more attention towards poultry industry in particular. The present study was conducted on broiler population to isolate and identify the bacteria from clinical cases, followed by antibiotic study. A total of 24 isolates out of 68 liver and blood samples were successfully detected. Maximum resistance was found against enrofloxacin (86.3%), oxytetracycline (75%) and norfloxacin (66.7%). Whereas sensitivity was found maximum against chloramphenicol (95.8%) and streptomycin (87.5%) followed by amoxicillin, amikacin and cephalexin, making them available for use in treatment and control of the disease.
Study of Antibiotic Resistance on Escherichia Coli in Commercial Poultry of Nepal
Nepalese Veterinary Journal, 2017
The continuous use of antibiotics in compound feed at sub-therapeutic level has been an integral part of commercial poultry production in Nepal, which is one of the factors that promotes bacterial resistance. Hence, with the objective to determine antibiotic resistance in commercial poultry of Nepal, this study was designed taking Escherichia coli as a flagship bacterium. The commercial layers and broilers birds brought to veterinary teaching hospital of Agriculture and Forestry University by commercial poultry producers for disease diagnosis and treatment were considered as clinical examination of birds were carried out followed by post mortem examination (PME). Those layer/broiler birds which were not taking antibiotic orally or parenterally for last 2 weeks and diagnosed with collibacillosis on PME were included in sampling frame. Air sacculitis, fibrinous pericarditis, fibrinous perihepatitis, and coligranuloma were major criteria for presumptive diagnosis of colibacillosis on P...