Sleep And Memory Processing: A Solid Relationship (original) (raw)
Related papers
The reorganisation of memory during sleep
Sleep Medicine Reviews, 2014
Short title: Reorganisation of memory during sleep Word count: Abstract: 178 Total: 8023 (including 250 in Fig. 1 and Tab. 1) Csclosure of Interest: None of the authors has any conflict of interest to declare. Abstract Sleep after learning promotes the quantitative strengthening of new memories. Less is known about the impact of sleep on the qualitative reorganisation of memory, which is the focus of this review. Studies have shown that, in the declarative system, sleep facilitates the abstraction of rules (schema formation), the integration of knowledge into existing schemas (schema integration) and creativity that requires the disbandment of existing patterns (schema disintegration). Schema formation and integration might primarily benefit from slow wave sleep, whereas the disintegration of a schema might be facilitated by rapid eye movement sleep. In the procedural system, sleep fosters the reorganisation of motor memory. The neural mechanisms of these processes remain to be determined. Notably, emotions have been shown to modulate the sleep-related reorganisation of memories. In the final section of this review, we propose that the sleep-related reorganisation of memories might be particularly relevant for mental disorders. Thus, sleep disruptions might contribute to disturbed memory reorganisation and to the development of mental disorders. Therefore, sleep-related interventions might modulate the reorganisation of memories and provide new inroads into treatment.
Neuron, 2004
will be covered: (1) early work in this area-a brief history; (2) some important general considerations on this topic; (3) REM sleep deprivation studies in animals; (4) cognitive capacities of humans with greatly suppressed We discuss several lines of evidence refuting the hypothesis that procedural or declarative memories are or absent REM sleep; (5) recent human studies on procedural memory and sleep; (6) the "replay" of patterns of processed/consolidated in sleep. One of the strongest arguments against a role for sleep in declarative mem-neural activity of waking in subsequent sleep in animals; (7) "other factors" that dispute a role for sleep in memory ory involves the demonstration that the marked suppression or elimination of REM sleep in subjects on processing; and (8) a proposed function for sleep. antidepressant drugs or with brainstem lesions produces no detrimental effects on cognition. Procedural A Revisiting of This Issue memory, like declarative memory, undergoes a slow, Although possibly not recognized outside of the sleep time-dependent period of consolidation. A process field, the role of sleep in memory processing is not a has recently been described wherein performance on new issue, but is one that was thoroughly examined in some procedural tasks improves with the mere pasthe 1960s to 1970s. There was a wealth of research in sage of time and has been termed "enhancement." animals, and to a lesser extent in humans, devoted to Some studies, but not others, have reported that the this topic (for review, see McGrath and Cohen, 1978; consolidation/enhancement of perceptual and motor Horne and McGrath, 1984; Smith, 1985; Horne, 1988). skills is dependent on sleep. We suggest that consoli-Current interest represents a second wave. Most of the dation or enhancement, initiated in waking with task early work in this area in both animals and humans acquisition, could in some instances extend to sleep, examined the effects of REM sleep deprivation on prebut sleep would serve no unique role in these proviously learned material. As later discussed in detail, the cesses. In sum, there is no compelling evidence to results of numerous studies on this subject, involving support a relationship between sleep and memory various manipulations across species, were divided. consolidation. There were as many reports that failed to describe a link between sleep and memory as there were those that claimed such a relationship (Horne and McGrath, Born, J., and Gais, S. (2000). REM sleep deprivation: The wrong paradigm leading to wrong conclusions. Behav. Brain Sci. 23, analogous to processes shown for declarative memo-912-913. ries. Consolidation (as stabilization) begins with task Brashers-Krug, T., Shadmehr, R., and Bizzi, E. (1996). Consolidation initiation, and unless disrupted by competing events, in human motor memory. Nature 382, 252-255.
Sleep and Memory Consolidation
Sci Insigt. 2019; 31(3):107-115., 2019
Sleep occupies about one third of a person's life. It is a critical physiological process. It is essential for the formation and consolidation of memory. Deficiency, lack of sleep will obviously affect the body's cognitive function. With the development of society and changes in lifestyle, more and more of people suffer from lack of sleep. We herein review the research history of the relationship between sleep and memory and discuss the most relevant fields and corresponding research progress, introduce various mechanisms of sleep to consolidate memory, and clarify the effects of sleep problems on memory. So as to help people better weigh the pros and cons of sleep, improve the quality of life, and respond to growing competition struggling for pressure and aging.■
SPEECH AND LANGUAGE 2019 7th International Conference on Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Speech and Language, Belgrade, 01-02 November, 2019
Sleep is universal physiological necessity whose precise mechanisms and function(s) are still unknown (Huber R, 2004; Donlea JM, 2018). The most known attempt to describe its role by Allan Hobson “Sleep is of the brain, by the brain and for the brain” (Hobson A, 2005) is slowly but inevitably extended by “…and for the organism”. On the basis of electroencephalographic and electromyographic activity sleep is defined as the approx 8 hour cyclic successive alteration of Non REM (or Quiet Sleep) and REM sleep (or Active Sleep) (Rechafen & Kales, 1968). Duration, sleep quality and harmonic alteration of Non REM and REM sleep play essential role in memory consolidation which is consequently of paramount importance for the new vocabulary learning (Batterink LJ, 2017), motor skills learning (Cipolli C, 2005) and learning process in general. Non REM and REM sleep have specific physiology both on neurophysiological and molecular level (Kryger M, 2017) that drive restorative processes of the cardiovascular (Zoccoli G, 2001; Silvani A, 2003; Bojić T, 2014), respiratory (Harper RM, 2017), immune (Opp MR, 2017) and endocrine system (Van Cauter E, 2017) all the way to the genetic restorative processes (Fuller PM, 2019). Thus, healthy sleep contributes to healthy functioning of organism and assures higher abilities like mental attention, mindfulness, insightfulness (Wagner 2004), creative (constructive), focused/unscattered and vivacious oral communication and social high quality self-regulation and cooperation. In the era of information revolution where the only limitations are the individual’s cognitive and memory capacities, the importance of healthy sleep regime must be recognized and taken as a priority with respect to short term benefits of stress-driven learning coupled with sleep deprivation. Consequently, sleep deprivation, a novel phenomenon of 24/7 society is becoming a notable circumstance of the general human psychophysical health.
The role of sleep in declarative memory consolidation: passive, permissive, active or none?
Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 2006
Those inclined to relish in scientific controversy will not be disappointed by the literature on the effects of sleep on memory. Opinions abound. Yet refinements in the experimental study of these complex processes of sleep and memory are bringing this fascinating relationship into sharper focus. A longstanding position contends that sleep passively protects memories by temporarily sheltering them from interference, thus providing precious little benefit for memory. But recent evidence is unmasking a more substantial and long-lasting benefit of sleep for declarative memories. Although the precise causal mechanisms within sleep that result in memory consolidation remain elusive, recent evidence leads us to conclude that unique neurobiological processes within sleep actively enhance declarative memories.
Sleep-dependent memory consolidation in patients with sleep disorders
Sleep Medicine Reviews, 2013
Declarative and non-declarative information Sleep-dependent consolidation Chronic sleep disorders Altered sleep Encoding and recall deficits s u m m a r y Sleep can improve the off-line memory consolidation of new items of declarative and non-declarative information in healthy subjects, whereas acute sleep loss, as well as sleep restriction and fragmentation, impair consolidation. This suggests that, by modifying the amount and/or architecture of sleep, chronic sleep disorders may also lead to a lower gain in off-line consolidation, which in turn may be responsible for the varying levels of impaired performance at memory tasks usually observed in sleepdisordered patients.
Sleep Facilitates Consolidation of Emotional Declarative Memory
Psychological Science, 2006
Both sleep and emotion are known to modulate processes of memory consolidation, yet their interaction is poorly understood. We examined the influence of sleep on consolidation of emotionally arousing and neutral declarative memory. Subjects completed an initial study session involving arousing and neutral pictures, either in the evening or in the morning. Twelve hours later, after sleeping or staying awake, subjects performed a recognition test requiring them to discriminate between these original pictures and novel pictures by responding “remember,” “know” (familiar), or “new.” Selective sleep effects were observed for consolidation of emotional memory: Recognition accuracy for know judgments of arousing stimuli improved by 42% after sleep relative to wake, and recognition bias for remember judgments of these stimuli increased by 58% after sleep relative to wake (resulting in more conservative responding). These findings hold important implications for understanding of human memory...
Sleep transforms the cerebral trace of declarative memories
Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences, 2007
After encoding, memory traces are initially fragile and have to be reinforced to become permanent. The initial steps of this process occur at a cellular level within minutes or hours. Besides this rapid synaptic consolidation, systems consolidation occurs within a time frame of days to years. For declarative memory, the latter is presumed to rely on an interaction between different brain regions, in particular the hippocampus and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Specifically, sleep has been proposed to provide a setting that supports such systems consolidation processes, leading to a transfer and perhaps transformation of memories. Using functional MRI, we show that postlearning sleep enhances hippocampal responses during recall of word pairs 48 h after learning, indicating intrahippocampal memory processing during sleep. At the same time, sleep induces a memory-related functional connectivity between the hippocampus and the mPFC. Six months after learning, memories activated the mPFC more strongly when they were encoded before sleep, showing that sleep leads to longlasting changes in the representation of memories on a systems level.