Use of monoclonal antibodies for the histopathological diagnosis of human malignancy (original) (raw)
Use of four monoclonal antibodies to detect tumor markers
Cancer, 1986
A combined panel of monoclonal antibodies to tumor markers was examined in the sera of 454 cancer patients to compare their reactivity. At least one of the four tumor-associated markers (CEA [caranoembryonic antigen], CA 19-9, CA 125, and SLEX [sialylated Lewisx epitope]) was positive with the sera of breast (43%), lung (64%), ovarian (54%), and colorectal (57%) cancer. Each tumor marker's reactivity was distinct in different patients, indicating that different epitopes were being detected. The number of tumor markers that were positive was associated with advancing stages of disease. In advanced stages with distant metastasis, 13% of the patients reacted with all four markers, whereas none of the early-stage patients did. In 14 cases of disease progression, the tumor markers increased with no instance of decrease. Among ten patients with regression, seven showed a decrease in tumor markers and three showed an increase. The authors conclude that the use of four tumor-associated markers expands the number of patients with a positive marker, thereby permitting the monitoring of some patients. Among 60 normals, one showed a weak reactivity with CEA and one with CA 125. Eventually, with more markers, it should be possible to monitor all patients.
Monoclonal antibodies--therapeutic and diagnostic uses in malignancy
The Western journal of medicine, 1985
Murine monoclonal antibodies represent an attractive type of antitumor therapy because of their potential for exquisite specificity, production in large, pure quantities and mediation of in vivo cytotoxic effects. With maturing monoclonal antibody technology has come the use of these antibodies in clinical studies in patients with malignancy. These trials have established that monoclonal antibodies can be safely administered in large doses, that their pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration can be predicted and that in some instances a therapeutic effect can be produced by their infusion. A number of problems have also been identified by these studies, including antigenic heterogeneity of the tumor, the presence of free serum antigen, the immunogenicity of the xenogeneic antibody, modulation of the surface antigen by the antibody and a finite capacity of human effector mechanisms to mediate cytotoxicity directed by murine antibodies. Other workers are concurrently investigating the ...
Antibody panel in diagnosis of lymphoid neoplasms
Journal of Clinical Pathology, 1998
Antibody panel in diagnosis of lymphoid neoplasms The recent article by Gala and colleagues 1 raises once again the problem of the applicability of an antibody panel in the diagnosis of lymphoid neoplasms in routinely processed bone marrow trephine biopsies. In Bouin fixed bone marrow biopsies, these investigators found that two important antibodies used routinely (CD20/L26 and DBA-44) gave unsatisfactory results. Other B cell markers (LN-2, MB-2, and Ki-B-5) showed strong reactivity and still others (4KB5 and Ki-B-3) had inconsistent reactivity. In most surgical pathology laboratories there is not such an ample panel of B cell markers. In these cases, L26 is the marker of choice since its value in the diVerential diagnosis of reactive and neoplastic small cell lymphoid aggregates in bone marrow biopsies has been demonstrated. 2 Unreliable results obtained using L26 in bone marrow biopsies poses an important diagnostic problem. For this reason, we would like to stress the advantage of fixing bone marrow in Zenker/glacial acetic acid solution (20:1). Addition of 1 ml glacial acetic acid to 20 ml of Zenker's solution must be undertaken immediately before use. Fixation time lasts 16 to 24 hours, and there is no need for additional decalcification after fixation. The specimen must be washed in running water for three to six hours and routinely processed for embedment in paraYn. 3 If undesided mercury pigment persists, sections can be treated with a 5% iodine solution in alcohol 70%, for three minutes, before staining. The level of morphological detail preserved is excellent. 4 Although L26 has been reported not to work on Zenker fixed bone marrow biopsies, 5 our experience with this method has been very satisfactory, using either a panel of antibodies indicated for haematological neoplasms 6 or for metastasis of solid tumour. In particular, we have had consistently satisfactory results using L26 (Dakopatts) and DBA-44 (G. Delsol, Toulouse, France), as shown in fig 1. The retrieval procedure consists of boiling slides in 0,01M citrate buVer, pH 6.0, in a household microwave (900 W, two cycles, 7 minutes each). Under our conditions, all the antibodies indicated 6 work well; only CD61/ gpIIIa (Dakopatts) is consistently unreactive.
Monoclonal antibodies against squamous cell carcinoma
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, 1985
We report on a monoclonal antibody reactive with squamous carcinoma cell lines and with frozen sections from squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity but not with frozen sections of normal squamous epithelium of the oral cavity, esophagus, and skin. In addition, we identified other monoclonal antibodies with restricted specificity as reflected by their binding to a panel of established tumor cell lines. Subsequent testing of these monoclonal antibodies against a panel of normal and tumor tissue sections revealed two types of reactivity patterns: binding to normal tissue and binding to normal and tumor tissue.
Cancer research, 1987
Two new monoclonal antibodies (Lym-1 and Lym-2), reactive with the cell surface of B-lymphocytes and derived tumors, have been produced using tumor cell nuclei preparations as immunogens. Specificity screens using live cell radioimmunoassay techniques with 52 well-characterized human lymphoma and leukemia cell lines showed that both Lym-1 and Lym-2 bound to cell lines of B-cell lineage but were unreactive with those of T-cell, myeloid, or erythroid derivation. The B-cell specificity of these reagents was confirmed on 36 lymphoma and 15 leukemia biopsy specimens by using immunoperoxidase or immunofluorescence techniques. Additionally, flow cytometric analysis of 22 lymphoma biopsies showed that the majority of B-cell tumors were Lym-1 and/or Lym-2 positive and that within a given biopsy, a high percentage of the malignant cell population was stained. In both the immunoperoxidase and flow cytometric studies, reactive T-cells or T-cell lymphomas were consistently negative with the exce...
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, 1981
Tissue sections of frozen biopsy specimens obtained from normal and hyperplastic human lymphoid tissues as well as 40 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas were analysed in immunofluorescence tests (using red TRITC and green FITC double-labelling). A panel of antisera including well-characterized conventional reagents to immunoglobulin classes, T-lymphoid and Ia-like antigens and monoclonal antibodies, including the OKT range made by Ortho Laboratories, was used. The findings show that the immunological methods can give a very accurate analysis of the normal and malignant lymphoid cells and can provide complementary information to conventional histology. Furthermore, the monoclonal antibodies to well defined lymphocyte subsets can provide data which suggests (although does not prove) functional relationships between different types of cells in normal and malignant lymph nodes. Thus, the technology described fills the gap between conventional histology and cellular immunology.