Common carotid intima-media thickness measurement. A method to improve accuracy and precision (original) (raw)

Abstract

Context The evidence that measurement of the common carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) improves the risk scores in prediction of the absolute risk of cardiovascular events is inconsistent. Objective To determine whether common CIMT has added value in 10-year risk prediction of first-time myocardial infarctions or strokes, above that of the Framingham Risk Score. Data Sources Relevant studies were identified through literature searches of databases (

Loading...

Loading Preview

Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.

References (48)

  1. Okazaki, O'Leary, Polak, Price, Robertson, Rembold, Rosvall, Salonen, Sitzer, Stehouwer, Moons, Bots. Analysis and interpretation of data: Den Ruijter, Peters, Eijkemans, Grobbee, Koffijberg, Lonn, Price, Rosvall, Rundek, Salonen, Sitzer, Stehouwer, Moons, Bots. Drafting of the manuscript: Den Ruijter, Peters, Britton, Grobbee, Kavousi, Koffijberg, Rosvall, Salonen, Sitzer, Moons, Bots. Critical revision of the manuscript for important in- tellectual content: Peters, Anderson, Dekker, Eijkemans, Engstro ¨m, Evans, de Graaf, Grobbee, Hedblad, Hofman, Holewijn, Ikeda, Kavousi, Kitagawa, Kitamura, Koffijberg, Lonn, Lorenz, Mathiesen, Nijpels, Okazaki, O'Leary, Polak, Price, Robertson, Rembold, Rosvall, Rundek, Salonen, Sitzer, Stehouwer, Witteman, Moons, Bots. Statistical analysis: Den Ruijter, Peters, Eijkemans, Grobbee, Koffijberg, Rosvall, Salonen, Sitzer, Moons, Bots. Obtained funding: Peters, Anderson, Grobbee, Hofman, Koffijberg, O'Leary, Polak, Rosvall, Salonen, Sitzer, Stehouwer, Moons, Bots.
  2. Administrative, technical, or material support: Den Ruijter, Peters, Anderson, Britton, Engstro ¨m, Evans, Grobbee, Hedblad, Holewijn, Ikeda, Kavousi, Kitamura, Koffijberg, Mathiesen, Okazaki, O'Leary, Polak, Rembold, Rosvall, Rundek, Salonen, Sitzer, Moons. Study supervision: Den Ruijter, Peters, de Graaf, Grobbee, Hofman, Koffijberg, Lorenz, Polak, Rosvall, Rundek, Salonen, Sitzer, Stehouwer, Moons, Bots. REFERENCES
  3. Berger JS, Jordan CO, Lloyd-Jones D, Blumenthal RS. Screening for cardiovascular risk in asymptom- atic patients. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55(12):1169- 1177.
  4. D'Agostino RB Sr, Vasan RS, Pencina MJ, et al. Gen- eral cardiovascular risk profile for use in primary care: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2008; 117(6):743-753.
  5. Akosah KO, Schaper A, Cogbill C, Schoenfeld P. Preventing myocardial infarction in the young adult in the first place: how do the National Cholesterol Edu- cation Panel III guidelines perform? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;41(9):1475-1479.
  6. Greenland P, Alpert JS, Beller GA, et al. 2010 ACCF/ AHA guideline for assessment of cardiovascular risk in asymptomatic adults: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/ American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2010;112(25):2748-2764.
  7. Libby P, Theroux P. Pathophysiology of coronary artery disease. Circulation. 2005;111(25):3481- 3488.
  8. Lorenz MW, Markus HS, Bots ML, Rosvall M, Sitzer M. Prediction of clinical cardiovascular events with ca- rotid intima-media thickness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Circulation. 2007;115(4):459-467.
  9. Society of Atherosclerosis Imaging and Preven- tion Developed in collaboration with the Interna- tional Atherosclerosis Society. Appropriate use crite- ria for carotid intima media thickness testing. Atherosclerosis. 2011;214(1):43-46.
  10. Anderson TJ, Charbonneau F, Title LM, et al. Mi- crovascular function predicts cardiovascular events in primary prevention: long-term results from the Fire- fighters and Their Endothelium (FATE) study. Circulation. 2011;123(2):163-169.
  11. Elias-Smale SE, Kavousi M, Verwoert GC, et al. Com- mon carotid intima-media thickness in cardiovascu- lar risk stratification of older people: the Rotterdam Study. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2012;19(4):698-705.
  12. Lorenz MW, Schaefer C, Steinmetz H, Sitzer M. Is carotid intima media thickness useful for individual prediction of cardiovascular risk? ten-year results from the Carotid Atherosclerosis Progression Study (CAPS). Eur Heart J. 2010;31(16):2041-2048.
  13. Nambi V, Chambless L, Folsom AR, et al. Ca- rotid intima-media thickness and presence or ab- sence of plaque improves prediction of coronary heart disease risk: the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Com- munities) study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55(15): 1600-1607.
  14. Polak JF, Pencina MJ, Pencina KM, O'Donnell CJ, Wolf PA, D'Agostino RB Sr. Carotid-wall intima- media thickness and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(3):213-221.
  15. Salonen JT, Salonen R. Ultrasonographically as- sessed carotid morphology and the risk of coronary heart disease. Arterioscler Thromb. 1991;11(5): 1245-1249.
  16. Xie W, Wu Y, Wang W, et al. A longitudinal study of carotid plaque and risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease in the Chinese population. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2011;24(7):729-737.
  17. Naghavi M, Falk E, Hecht HS, et al; SHAPE Task Force. From vulnerable plaque to vulnerable patient: part III, executive summary of the Screening for Heart Attack Prevention and Education (SHAPE) Task Force report. Am J Cardiol. 2006;98(2A):2H-15H.
  18. Plantinga Y, Dogan S, Grobbee DE, Bots ML. Ca- rotid intima-media thickness measurement in cardio- vascular screening programmes. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2009;16(6):639-644.
  19. Kitamura A, Iso H, Imano H, et al. Carotid intima- media thickness and plaque characteristics as a risk fac- tor for stroke in Japanese elderly men. Stroke. 2004; 35(12):2788-2794.
  20. Singh-Manoux A, Britton A, Kivimaki M, Gue ´guen A, Halcox J, Marmot M. Socioeconomic status mod- erates the association between carotid intima-media thickness and cognition in midlife: evidence from the
  21. Whitehall II study. Atherosclerosis. 2008;197(2): 541-548.
  22. Allan PL, Mowbray PI, Lee AJ, Fowkes FG. Rela- tionship between carotid intima-media thickness and symptomatic and asymptomatic peripheral arterial dis- ease: the Edinburgh Artery Study. Stroke. 1997; 28(2):348-353.
  23. Moons KGM, Donders RART, Stijnen T, Harrell FE Jr. Using the outcome for imputation of missing pre- dictor values was preferred. J Clin Epidemiol. 2006; 59(10):1092-1101.
  24. Bots ML, de Jong PTVM, Hofman A, Grobbee DE. Left, right, near or far wall common carotid intima- media thickness measurements: associations with car- diovascular disease and lower extremity arterial atherosclerosis. J Clin Epidemiol. 1997;50(7):801- 807.
  25. Harrell FE Jr, Lee KL, Califf RM, Pryor DB, Rosati RA. Regression modelling strategies for improved prog- nostic prediction. Stat Med. 1984;3(2):143-152.
  26. Pencina MJ, D'Agostino RB Sr, Steyerberg EW. Extensions of net reclassification improvement calcu- lations to measure usefulness of new biomarkers. Stat Med. 2011;30(1):11-21.
  27. Pencina MJ, D'Agostino RB, Vasan RS. Statisti- cal methods for assessment of added usefulness of new biomarkers. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2010;48(12): 1703-1711.
  28. Li R, Duncan BB, Metcalf PA, et al; Atheroscle- rosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study Investigators. B-mode-detected carotid artery plaque in a general population. Stroke. 1994;25(12):2377-2383.
  29. Lorenz MW, von Kegler S, Steinmetz H, Markus HS, Sitzer M. Carotid intima-media thickening indicates a higher vascular risk across a wide age range: prospective data from the Carotid Atherosclerosis Progression Study (CAPS). Stroke. 2006;37(1):87- 92.
  30. Ali YS, Rembold KE, Weaver B, et al. Prediction of major adverse cardiovascular events by age- normalized carotid intimal medial thickness. Atherosclerosis. 2006;187(1):186-190.
  31. Cao JJ, Arnold AM, Manolio TA, et al. Associa- tion of carotid artery intima-media thickness, plaques, and C-reactive protein with future cardiovascular dis- ease and all-cause mortality: the Cardiovascular Health Study. Circulation. 2007;116(1):32-38.
  32. Henry RMA, Kostense PJ, Spijkerman AMW, et al; Hoorn Study. Arterial stiffness increases with deterio- rating glucose tolerance status: the Hoorn Study. Circulation. 2003;107(16):2089-2095.
  33. Salonen R, Salonen JT. Determinants of carotid intima-media thickness: a population-based ultraso- nography study in eastern Finnish men. J Intern Med. 1991;229(3):225-231.
  34. Rosvall M, O ¨stergren PO, Hedblad B, Isacsson SO, Janzon L, Berglund G. Occupational status, edu- cational level, and the prevalence of carotid athero- sclerosis in a general population sample of middle- aged Swedish men and women: results from the Malmo ¨Diet and Cancer Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2000; 152(4):334-346.
  35. Mora S, Szklo M, Otvos JD, et al. LDL particle sub- classes, LDL particle size, and carotid atherosclerosis in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Atherosclerosis. 2007;192(1):211-217.
  36. Holewijn S, den Heijer M, Swinkels DW, Stalenhoef AFH, de Graaf J. The metabolic syndrome and its traits as risk factors for subclinical atherosclerosis. J Clin En- docrinol Metab. 2009;94(8):2893-2899.
  37. Prabhakaran S, Singh R, Zhou X, Ramas R, Sacco RL, Rundek T. Presence of calcified carotid plaque pre- dicts vascular events: the Northern Manhattan Study. Atherosclerosis. 2007;195(1):e197-e201.
  38. Kitagawa K, Hougaku H, Yamagami H, et al; OSACA2 Study Group. Carotid intima-media thick- ness and risk of cardiovascular events in high-risk pa- tients: results of the Osaka Follow-Up Study for Ca- rotid Atherosclerosis 2. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2007; 24(1):35-42.
  39. Hofman A, van Duijn CM, Franco OH, et al. The Rotterdam Study: 2012 objectives and design update. Eur J Epidemiol. 2011;26(8):657-686.
  40. Stensland-Bugge E, Bønaa KH, Joakimsen O, Njølstad I. Sex differences in the relationship of risk factors to subclinical carotid atherosclerosis mea- sured 15 years later : the Tromsø study. Stroke. 2000; 31(3):574-581.
  41. D'Agostino RB Sr, Grundy S, Sullivan LM, Wilson P; CHD Risk Prediction Group. Validation of the Framingham coronary heart disease prediction scores: results of a multiple ethnic groups investigation. JAMA. 2001;286(2):180-187.
  42. Stein JH, Korcarz CE, Hurst RT, et al; American Society of Echocardiography Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Task Force; Endorsed by the Society for Vas- cular Medicine. Use of carotid ultrasound to identify subclinical vascular disease and evaluate cardiovas- cular disease risk: a consensus statement from the American Society of Echocardiography Carotid Intima- Media Thickness Task Force. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2008;21(2):93-111.
  43. Inaba Y, Chen JA, Bergmann SR. Carotid plaque, compared with carotid intima-media thickness, more accurately predicts coronary artery disease events: a meta-analysis. Atherosclerosis. 2012;220(1):128- 133.
  44. Hollander M, Hak AE, Koudstaal PJ, et al. Com- parison between measures of atherosclerosis and risk of stroke: the Rotterdam Study. Stroke. 2003;34 (10):2367-2372.
  45. Peters SA, Dogan S, Meijer R, et al. The use of plaque score measurements to assess changes in ath- erosclerotic plaque burden induced by lipid-lowering therapy over time: the METEOR study. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2011;18(9):784-795.
  46. Bots ML, Hofman A, De Jong PTVM, Grobbee DE. Common carotid intima-media thickness as an in- dicator of atherosclerosis at other sites of the carotid artery: the Rotterdam Study. Ann Epidemiol. 1996; 6(2):147-153.
  47. Cook NR, Paynter NP. Performance of reclassi- fication statistics in comparing risk prediction models. Biom J. 2011;53(2):237-258.
  48. Whincup PH, Nightingale CM, Owen CG, et al. Ethnic differences in carotid intima-media thickness be- tween UK children of black African-Caribbean and white European origin. Stroke. 2012;43(7):1747- 1754.