Novel loci for adiponectin levels and their influence on type 2 diabetes and metabolic traits: A multi-ethnic meta-analysis of 45,891 individuals (original) (raw)

Adiponectin levels and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association, 2009

The association of obesity with development of type 2 diabetes may be partly mediated by altered secretion of adipokines by adipose tissue. Greater adiposity downregulates secretion of adiponectin, an adipokine with anti-inflammatory and insulinsensitizing properties. The strength and consistency of the relation between plasma adiponectin and risk of type 2 diabetes is unclear.

High-Molecular-Weight Adiponectin and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in the ARIC Study

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2010

Context: Adiponectin, synthesized by adipocytes, has been shown to be a predictor of type 2 diabetes. Adiponectin circulates in plasma as three oligomeric isoforms. High-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin is thought to be the most biologically active form of adiponectin in terms of glucose homeostasis. Objective: Our objective was to investigate whether HMW adiponectin is more strongly associated with incident diabetes than is total adiponectin. Design: A nested case-cohort study was conducted in a population-based cohort of 9740 middleaged, initially healthy, white and African-American participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study followed for up to 9 yr. Plasma total and HMW adiponectin were measured by ELISA in 550 incident diabetes cases and 540 noncases. Results: Overall hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for developing diabetes for those in the fourth (vs. the first) quartile of total adiponectin, HMW adiponectin, and the ratio of HMW to total were 0.40 (0.25-0.64), 0.38 (0.23-0.63), and 0.65 (0.42-0.99), respectively, after adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, study center, parental history of diabetes, hypertension, body mass index, and waist-to-hip ratio and 0.52 (0.32-0.85), 0.51 (0.31-0.86), and 0.77 (0.50-1.20), respectively, after additional adjustment for inflammation score (a score composed of six inflammation markers) and fasting insulin. When further adjusting for baseline fasting glucose, the graded associations were attenuated substantially and lost their gradation. Conclusions: In this community-based sample of U.S. adults, higher total and HMW adiponectin concentrations were similarly associated with a lower incidence of diabetes over 9 yr of follow-up.