Pesticide Poisoning among All Poisoning Cases Presenting to the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study (original) (raw)
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Pattern of Pre-Hospital Treatment Received by Cases of Pesticide Poisoning
International journal of medical toxicology and forensic medicine, 2012
Background : Prehospital treatment following acute pesticide poisoning is not optimal and mortality following such poisoning is high in Bangladesh. Method: It was a prospective study in which pattern of pre-hospital treatment received and outcome of pesticide poisoned patient were studied at one adult medical unit of Dhaka Medical College Hospital from October 2005 to June 2006. Results: The number of cases of pesticide poisoning were 60 (1.98%) of 3030 admitted patients. The mean age was 24.7±8.8 years. Most of them (40, 66.7%) were male. The incidence of poisoning was high among students (11, 18.3%) and housewives (10, 16.7%). The most common cause of poisoning was intentional (55, 91.7%). Familial disharmony was underlying cause in 27 (45%) patients. More than half of the patients (41, 68.3%) purchased the poison self. 25 (41.7%) patients got first contact with physician within 30 minutes of poisoning. In majority cases (45, 75%) first contact health care provider was government ...
Socio-demographic profile of pesticide poisoning cases admitted in a rural hospital of West Bengal
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences, 2016
Background: In developing countries acute pesticide poisoning remains an important issue and according to WHO (1999) more than three million poisoning cases with 251,881 deaths occur worldwide annually, of which, 99% of fatal poisonings occur in developing countries, particularly among agricultural workers. Objectives: The objectives were to study the socio-demographic profile of the pesticide poisoning cases, explore the circumstances and routes of poisoning and determine the time gap between the intake of poison and hospital admission. Materials and methods: It was an institution based observational descriptive study with cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in Tarakeswar rural hospital of Hooghly district, West Bengal. The duration of study was 6 months (January-June 2015). All diagnosed and admitted pesticide poisoning cases in the IPD of Tarakeswar Rural Hospital during the study period constituted the study population. A predesigned, pretested semi structured schedule was used for collecting background information from the study population. Pre-testing was conducted to assess the feasibility, acceptability and reliability of the tool. Study sample was diagnosed pesticide poisoning cases admitted in the hospital during the days of survey. Admission register of the poisoning ward, Bed-Head Tickets (BHTs) and investigation reports were checked for collecting some necessary information. Circumstances of poisoning, routes of poisoning and presence of social problems were explored from the study population. Total 61 admitted cases participated in the study. Data were tabulated in Microsoft excel spread sheet. Appropriate statistical methods were used for analysis and interpretation. Results: Median age was found 25 years and majority (65.6%) of the subjects was from 16-30 years of age group. Male (49.1%) and females (50.9%) were almost equally involved. Majority (83.4%) of the study population were from rural area. Regarding poisoning circumstances, majority were found to be suicidal (77%) followed by accidental (16.4%) and occupational (6.6%). Majority of the poisoning (65.6%) was found to be due to organophosphorus. Median time taken to admit the subjects in the study hospital after poisoning was calculated to be 6 hours. Significant associations (p<0.05) are found between suicide attempt with social problems, addiction and family type. Conclusion: There is a need of more detailed study to better elicit and understand the important factors related to pesticide poisoning. Some important facts revealed in the current study will be better understood if larger population can be involved in a more detailed study in order to help in more generalization of the results.
Study of Socio-Demographic Profile of Pesticidal Poisoning Cases in Tertiary Care Center
Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College, 2018
Introduction: The pesticide poisoning is a common medical emergency and leads to increase morbidity and mortality rate in developing countries due to easy accessibility and low cost. The study was conducted to study the socio-demographic profile of poisoning case to understand the possible factors responsible for poisoning episodes. Method: A hospital based descriptive crosssectionalstudy was carried out in Nepalgunj Medical College, Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur, a tertiary care center, conducted for period of six months from October 2017 to March 2018. The socio-demographic profile of all cases of pesticidal poisoning attended in emergency department or admitted in medical ward were collected on a suitably designed pre- structured proforma and analyzed. Results: Total 164 patients were enrolled in the study. Majority were fallen in the age group of 20-30 years with female 76.80% dominating the male 23.20%. Married couples (74.40%) were found to be more affected and house wife was mo...
Revista Facultad Nacional de Salud Pública, 2023
Objective: To analyze the behavior of pesticide poisoning in rural and urban populations associated with lethality in Colombia during 2007-2017. Methodology: Retrospective observational study that included: a descriptive cross-sectional study and an ecological design that analyzed aggregate measures of morbidity, mortality and risk attributable to the population in rural and urban areas. In the cross-sectional study, the relative risk was estimated to measure the factors associated with lethality among intoxications using Poisson regression with logarithmic function. For the time series, the trends were established with simple linear regression and the seasonal decomposition was performed using the multiplicative model. Autocorrelations were tested using the Box-Ljung statistic. Results: Between 2007-2017; 89 490 cases were reported. The Morbidity due to poisoning showed a higher proportion in the rural population 36.03 cases per 100 000; this indicator was three times higher than in urban areas (12,33 cases per 100 000). The mortality rates in rural and urban areas were 1,00 and 0,13 cases per 100 000, respectively. The relative risk of fatality in case of intoxication was associated with the intention of suicide in the rural population RR: 5.9 (95% CI: 5.0-6.9). Conclusion: A higher proportion of lethality associated with these events occurred in populations living in rural areas and reporting cases of suicidal intent. In addition, morbidity and mortality due to pesticide poisoning had the highest proportion in rural areas and a growing trend over time.
Acute pesticide poisoning in the central part of Iran: A 4-year cross-sectional study
SAGE Open Medicine
Objectives: Intoxication with pesticides is a well-known public health problem. We aimed to describe the demographic and toxico-clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with pesticide poisoning. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was performed in Khorshid Hospital affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. All patients with pesticide poisoning (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, rodenticides, and acaricides) were evaluated. The patients’ demographic, toxicological, clinical, and laboratory findings from March 2016 until March 2021 were collected and analyzed. Results: During the study period, 25,659 patients with acute poisoning were admitted, of which, 1567 (6.1% of the total poisoning) with pesticide poisoning were included. The mean ± SD age of the patients was 31.34 ± 13.7 years and 55.3% were men (male/female ratio = 1.23). In approximately 75% of the patients, poisoning occurred by suicidal attempts, while in 14.3% ( n = 2...
Pesticide poisonings at a tertiary children's hospital in South Africa: an increasing problem
Clinical Toxicology, 2010
Context. Exposure of children to pesticides and overt poisoning are an increasingly important problem in South Africa. Objective. This study describes the profile of acute paediatric pesticide exposures and poisonings presenting to Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital (RCWMCH) in Cape Town South Africa from 2003 to 2008, identifies those poisonings due to illicit pesticides sold on the streets (''street pesticides'') and assesses the number of incidents in which the statutory requirement of notification to the local health authority is met. Methods. Cases were identified by review of the RCWMCH case and notification records and the local health authority notification records. Results. There were 306 patients with 311 incidents of acute pesticide exposure or poisoning. This represents 11% of all paediatric exposures and poisonings (N ¼ 2868) seen over the 6-year period. The number of pesticide incidents increased annually. Two hundred seventy-eight (91%) children were under 6 years old and 164 (54%) were males. Two hundred seventeen (70%) patients came from six socio economically diverse suburbs in the Cape Town Metropole, each of which ranges from informal settlements with extreme poverty to formal housing with lower to middle class populations. There was a summer predominance of acute pesticide exposures and poisonings. The commonest group of pesticides were 203 cholinergics (includes organophosphates and carbamates), 35 anticoagulants and 45 unknowns. One hundred incidents were classified as exposures as they were asymptomatic. Two hundred eleven symptomatic incidents, termed pesticide poisonings, required admission; 121 to High Care or Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The median length of stay in hospital was 3 days (range 0-52). There were 6 (2%) deaths. The large group of cholinergic exposures and poisonings (203) required 195 (96%) admissions; 120 (59%) to High Care or ICU. Of the 44 ''street pesticide'' exposures and poisonings, 33 were cholinergic poisonings and 21 required High Care or ICU. Eighty-seven (41%) of 211 poisonings requiring notification were recorded at the local health authority; all were instances of cholinergic poisoning. Conclusion. The increasing number and the morbidity and mortality of acute paediatric pesticide exposure and poisoning is of great concern. Furthermore, the magnitude of the problem is masked by inadequate notification with the relevant health authorities.
BMC Public Health
Background Human poisoning by pesticides has long been seen as a severe public health problem. As early as 1990, a task force of the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that about one million unintentional pesticide poisonings occur annually, leading to approximately 20,000 deaths. Thirty years on there is no up-to-date picture of global pesticide poisoning despite an increase in global pesticide use. Our aim was to systematically review the prevalence of unintentional, acute pesticide poisoning (UAPP), and to estimate the annual global number of UAPP. Methods We carried out a systematic review of the scientific literature published between 2006 and 2018, supplemented by mortality data from WHO. We extracted data from 157 publications and the WHO cause-of-death database, then performed country-wise synopses, and arrived at annual numbers of national UAPP. World-wide UAPP was estimated based on national figures and population data for regions defined by the Food and Agriculture...
Pesticide poisoning in Chitwan, Nepal: a descriptive epidemiological study
BMC Public Health
Background: Globally, there is a growing concern over pesticides use, which has been linked to self-harm and suicide. However, there is paucity of research on the epidemiology of pesticides poisoning in Nepal. This study is aimed at assessing epidemiological features of pesticides poisoning among hospital-admitted cases in selected hospitals of Chitwan District of Nepal. Methods: A hospital-based quantitative study was carried out in four major hospitals of Chitwan District. Information on all pesticides poisoning cases between April 1 and December 31, 2015, was recorded by using a Pesticides Exposure Record (PER) form. Results: A total of 439 acute pesticides poisoning cases from 12 districts including Chitwan and adjoining districts attended the hospitals during the 9-month-long study period. A majority of the poisoned subjects deliberately used pesticides (89.5%) for attempted suicide. The total incidence rate was 62.67/100000 population per year. Higher annual incidence rates were found among young adults (111.66/100000 population), women (77.53/100000 population) and individuals from Dalit ethnic groups (98.22/100000 population). Pesticides responsible for poisoning were mostly insecticides (58.0%) and rodenticides (20.8%). The most used chemicals were organophosphates (37.3%) and pyrethroids (36.7%). Of the total cases, 98.6% were hospitalized, with intensive care required for 41.3%. The case fatality rate among admitted cases was 3.8%. Conclusions: This study has indicated that young adults, females and socially disadvantaged ethnic groups are at a higher risk of pesticides poisoning. Pesticides are mostly misused intentionally as an easy means for committing suicide. It is recommended that the supply of pesticides be properly regulated to prevent easy accessibility and misuse. A population-based study is warranted to reveal the actual problem of pesticides exposure and intoxication in the community.