Evaluation of antihyperglycemic and antioxidant properties of Streblus asper Lour against streptozotocin–induced diabetes in rats (original) (raw)
Related papers
Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology, 2015
The incidence of diabetes mellitus continue to rise annually all over the world with India and Nigeria having recorded cases of 65.1 and 3.9 million respectively in 2013 and expected to increase by a large amount in 2035. Hyperglycemia is a pre-condition for the development of diabetic complications and is accompanied by an increase in the production of free radicals. The present available treatment option for diabetes like sulfonylurea, metformin and alpha-glucosidase are restricted by their limited actions, secondary failure rates, and side-effects; and unaffordable to the majority of the population. Hence, the need to screen for more medicinal plants with antidiabetic ability due to the fact that plants are; biodegradable, safe and cheap with fewer side-effects. In this review article, we have presented the current status of diabetes in India and Nigeria and the role of some less commonly used medicinal plants from both countries that have antidiabetic potential.
Antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of medicinal plants: A short review
Diabetes mellitus being a chronic endocrine disorder has become a major health care problem since the last couple of decades because of the intensive lifestyle intervention. Antioxidants have become a crucial part of our lives for maintaining optimal cellular and systemic health and wellbeing. There is an increased interest in the food industry and preventive medicine in the development of natural antioxidants from plant material. This review deals with medicinal plants with antioxidant and antidiabetic properties used in the traditional Indian system of medicine; also a briefing of their in vitro models for evaluating antioxidant and antidiabetic activity has been con-ducted. At the same time, recent work done on the pharmacological aspects of these medicinally important plants has been iterated in this review.
2024
The antidiabetic and antioxidant efficacy of traditional medicinal plants from NorthEastern India remains largely unexplored. This study seeks to address this gap by examining the properties of 11 such plants. The plant samples were subjected to extraction using four different solvents. Their antidiabetic potential was evaluated through in-vitro α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition bioassays, while the antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH Scavenging assay. The results were compared to the standard antidiabetic drug, acarbose. Out of the 11 plants, five species demonstrated significant antidiabetic properties, inhibiting more than 50% of α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzyme activities. The petroleum ether tuber extract of Stephania glandulifera exhibited the highest α-glucosidase inhibition (99%), followed by the methanol leaf extract of Begonia roxburghii (94%) and the water leaf extract of Antidesma acidum (85%). In the α-amylase inhibition assay, Equisetum debile methanol extracts showed a 64% inhibition, followed by the leaf extract of A. acidum with a 62% inhibition in the methanol leaf extracts. Comparatively, methanol and water leaf extracts of Debregeasia longifolia displayed 64% and 67% inhibitions, respectively. The water extract of B. roxburghii demonstrated significant antioxidant activity (57%), while the other samples showed less than 50% effectiveness. Notably, the α-glucosidase inhibition consistently exceeded the α-amylase inhibition across the samples. This study confirms the antidiabetic properties of five out of the 11 ethnomedicinal plants, as evidenced by the in-vitro α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory assays. These findings support the traditional use of these plants in the management of diabetes and emphasize the need for further in-vivo studies, which could contribute to the development of novel herbal formulations or therapeutic drugs for the treatment of diabetes.
ANTIDIABETIC POTENTIAL OF HERBAL EXTRACTS STUDIED IN (STZ) STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RAT
Synthetic drugs are commonly used in the present day with the advancement in chemical technology awareness about its side effects is slowly triggering the use of non-synthetic curatives. The curative properties of these drugs are due to the complex chemical substances present as secondary plant metabolites in one or more parts of these plants. Diabetes Mellitus is a clinical condition characterized by increased blood glucose level due to the insufficient or inefficient insulin. Streptozotocin is to induce hyperglycemic condition. Gymnema sylvestre, Eugenia jambolana, Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) and Bittergourd (Momordica charantia) are a popular remedy for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. In this study, oral administration of Gymnema sylvestre, Eugenia jambolana, Ocimum sanctum and Momordica charantia showed the hypoglycemic activity and it could exert a beneficial action against biochemical and histopathological alterations caused by streptozotocin. In the present study the antioxidative potential of Gymnema sylvestre, Eugenia jambolana, Ocimum sanctum and Momordica charantia was assessed in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Lipid peroxide levels were also measured in normal, diabetic and treated animals. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly higher and antioxidant activity was found low in diabetic groups as compared to the control groups, and significant alteration in both the MDA levels and antioxidant activity was also observed when the above herbal hypoglycemic agents were given to diabetic rats. On the basis of our results we conclude that Gymnema sylvestre, Eugenia jambolana, Ocimum sanctum and Momordica charantia are not only useful in controlling the lipid peroxide levels but are also helpful in further strengthening the antioxidant potential.The probable mechanism by which Gymnema sylvestre, Eugenia jambolana, Ocimum sanctum and Momordica charantia exerts its protective action against streptozotocininduced pancreatic metabolic alterations could be by the stimulation of pancreatic regeneration through an improved synthesis of protein or accelerated detoxification and exertion. Furthermore, comprehensive chemical and pharmacological research is required to reveal the mechanism of the anti-diabetic potential of Gymnema sylvestre, Eugenia jambolana, Ocimum sanctum and Momordica charantia.
Current Researches on Plants Having Antidiabetic Potential: An Overview
Research & Reviews: Journal of Botanical Sciences, 2013
Diabetes mellitus is a major threat to global public health as the world wide incidences rising day by day and now emerging as global epidemic affecting approximately 285 million people worldwide that will increase to 439 million by 2030. International Diabetic Federation (IDF) has estimated that by 2025 every fifth diabetic subject in world will be an Indian. As the disease progresses, tissue or vascular damage ensues leading to severe diabetic complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, cardiovascular complications and ulceration and projected as the World’s main disablerand killer in the next 25 years.Therefore, the management of diabetes is still challenging one. In last few years, there has been an exponential growth in the field of herbal medicine and gaining popularity both in developing and developed countries because of their natural origin and less side effects. There is a great demand for search on safer and cost effective natural products with anti-diabet...
Medicinal plants and diabetes mellitus: A review
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder widespread in developing and well-developed countries. It is the sixth leading cause of death in upper middle-income countries in 2015. Many of the synthetic medicine such as sulfonylureas, biguanides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitor and thiazolidinediones are the diabetic agents currently available to control the hyperglycemic condition. Due to the limitations of the drugs, it is required to find a natural alternative for the control of Diabetes Mellitus. Safe and effective antidiabetic agents can be extracted/separated from the traditional medicinal plants. 80% of the population around the Globe depends on traditional medicine. About 350 plants were traditionally used to treat diabetes mellitus. Medicinal plants were assessed for their antidiabetic activity, but these plants were not scientifically evaluated for the presence of an antidiabetic agent. Identification of anti-hyperglycemic agent without any side effects is the need of the hour. WHO has reported tremendous increase of 433million adults with Diabetes Mellitus in 2014, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in India increased to 7.8% in India. The review focuses on the commonly available and traditionally used medicinal plants of North TamilNadu, India and their role in the control of diabetes mellitus. Introduction Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder. It was first described clinically by the Greek physician Aretaeus Cappadocia in 1500 BC " as a condition where Flesh and Bones run together and are siphoned into the urine ". Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemic condition along with impaired metabolic functions. Two major types of DM exist; the first type is characterized by insufficient production of insulin and in the other type the target cells do not respond to insulin. The chronic hyperglycemic condition leads to long term damage and failure of target organs. The first WHO global report on diabetes demonstrates that the number of adult living with diabetes has almost quadrupled since 1980 and to 422 million adults in 2014; type 2 diabetes and associated factors such as overweight and obesity were the reason for the dramatic increase. Prevalence of diabetes in India accounts for 7.8% of the adult population [1] Over the past, three decades, the rise in the occurrence of diabetes was dramatic and grows very rapidly in low and middle income countries. The prevalence of diabetes in Tamil Nadu accounts to 13.7% in urban and 7.8% in rural areas in the year 2011 [2]. The synthetic drugs used lead to side effects as well as persistence of hyperglycemic conditions for a longer period of time resulting in serious complications and damages to the heart, blood vessels eyes, kidney and nerves, moreover, increases the risk of heart diseases and stroke [3]. Progressive reduction in β-cell function made it difficult to maintain glycemic control among many diabetic patients [4]. Polytherapy with many hypoglycemic agents to attain better glucose control is a common practice [5]. Many plants have been found to be useful in managing diabetes mellitus. Plants are the major source of drug and are available in the market as extracts directly or indirectly from the plant sources [6]. For the purpose of preventive and curative reasons plants were used as medicine in various parts of the world. Medicinal herbs were used to treat diabetes in large proportion all over the Globe because of the easy availability and affordability [7]. Plant medicines show a potential hypoglycemic activity in diabetes-induced animals. Further, the metabolites from the plant were formulated and were administered to control diabetes mellitus. Novel compounds with antihyperglycemic potential have to be isolated from the plant sources. Studies reveal the role of crude extracts of plants with potential antidiabetic activity in alloxan and streptozotocin-induced diabetic animals. It is required to isolate, purify and characterize the specific compounds with the efficacy to control by reducing blood glucose level and by means of regenerating the damaged β cells of the pancreatic islets for the normal secretion of insulin. The objective of the review is to collect and elucidate the antidiabetic properties of the medicinal plants used by the traditional healers to manage diabetes mellitus.
Medicinal Plants: A Methodology for Studying their Anti-Diabetic Activity
TJPRC, 2013
This work is a review on the study methods of the antidiabetic activity of medicinal plants. Indeed, this discipline is not standardized and techniques used to assess this activity are very varied. The choices of the plant and the extract to be tested are major parameters before going to the model of diabetes. The latter is induced into animals by various techniques including the injection of chemicals such as streptozotocin which damages the pancreatic β cells. Hence, diabetes develops spontaneously in certain animal species. Works realized on animals (preclinical) would permit to research on human being (clinical).
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013
Background Both experimental and clinical studies suggest that oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis of both types of diabetes mellitus. This oxidative stress leads to β-cell destruction by apoptosis. Hence exploring agents modulating oxidative stress is an effective strategy in the treatment of both Type I and Type II diabetes. Plants are a major source of anti-oxidants and exert protective effects against oxidative stress in biological systems. Phyllanthus emblica, Curcuma longa and Tinospora cordifolia are three such plants widely used in Ayurveda for their anti-hyperglycemic activity. Additionally their anti-oxidant properties have been scientifically validated in various experimental in vitro and in vivo models. Hence the present in vitro study was planned to assess whether the anti-hyperglycemic effects of the hydro-alcoholic extracts of Phyllanthus emblica (Pe) and Curcuma longa (Cl) and aqueous extract of Tinospora cordifolia (Tc) are mediated through their...
Evaluation of Medicinal Plants to Defeat Diabetes and Related Complications-Review
Diabetes is one of the major health problems around the globe in recent time, its increasing prevalence and high cost of treatment in the world is a cause of concern and is posing a continuous threat to human health since decades. The number of diabetic patients is expected to increase from 371 million from 2012 to 552 million by 2030, if no urgent action is taken. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes lead to the development of both acute and long term complications. There has been a need and desire for a natural, more effective and economically feasible alternative to synthetic anti-diabetic drugs due to their high cost, side effects and failure in achieving ideal results. Nature gives us an array of tools including medicinal plants to beat diabetes, its complications and the underlying causes that lead to diabetes. In recent years, there has been a resurgence of interest in medicinal plants which are believed to be natural origin for bioactive compounds and antioxidants which attracted a great treaty of attention, to control life threatening disease like diabetes in which oxidative dent has been implicated.Interest in natural products research is strong and can be attributed to several factors, including unmet therapeutic requirements, the remarkable diversity of both chemical structures and biological activities of naturally occurring secondary metabolites and improved techniques to isolate, purify and structurally characterize these active constituents.