New Drugs from the Sea: Pro-Apoptotic Activity of Sponges and Algae Derived Compounds (original) (raw)

Marine Natural Products: A Source of Novel Anticancer Drugs

Marine Drugs

Cancer remains one of the most lethal diseases worldwide. There is an urgent need for new drugs with novel modes of action and thus considerable research has been conducted for new anticancer drugs from natural sources, especially plants, microbes and marine organisms. Marine populations represent reservoirs of novel bioactive metabolites with diverse groups of chemical structures. This review highlights the impact of marine organisms, with particular emphasis on marine plants, algae, bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, sponges and soft corals. Anti-cancer effects of marine natural products in in vitro and in vivo studies were first introduced; their activity in the prevention of tumor formation and the related compound-induced apoptosis and cytotoxicities were tackled. The possible molecular mechanisms behind the biological effects are also presented. The review highlights the diversity of marine organisms, novel chemical structures, and chemical property space. Finally, therapeutic st...

Cytotoxic Compounds Derived from Marine Sponges. A Review (2010–2012)

Molecules, 2017

This extensive review covers research published between 2010 and 2012 regarding new compounds derived from marine sponges, including 62 species from 60 genera belonging to 33 families and 13 orders of the Demospongia class (Porifera). The emphasis is on the cytotoxic activity that bioactive metabolites from sponges may have on cancer cell lines. At least 197 novel chemical structures from 337 compounds isolated have been found to support this work. Details on the source and taxonomy of the sponges, their geographical occurrence, and a range of chemical structures are presented. The compounds discovered from the reviewed marine sponges fall into mainly four chemical classes: terpenoids (41.9%), alkaloids (26.2%), macrolides (8.9%) and peptides (6.3%) which, along with polyketides, sterols, and others show a range of biological activities. The key sponge orders studied in the reviewed research were Dictyoceratida, Haplosclerida, Tetractinellida, Poecilosclerida, and Agelasida. Petrosia, Haliclona (Haplosclerida), Rhabdastrella (Tetractinellida), Coscinoderma and Hyppospongia (Dictyioceratida), were found to be the most promising genera because of their capacity for producing new bioactive compounds. Several of the new compounds and their synthetic analogues have shown in vitro cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic activities against various tumor/cancer cell lines, and some of them will undergo further in vivo evaluation.

IJSRST1622111 | A Review on Anticancer Drug from Marine

The marine environment is a rich source of both biological and chemical diversity. It is very much likely that marine organisms would be wonderful source of biologically active molecules The collection of the marine therapeutics includes molecules with antibiotic, antiviral, antiphrastic, analgesic and anticancer agent from bacteria, cyanobacteria, tunica, fungi, sponge This reviewfocuses on the latest studies and critical research in this field and evidences the immense potential ofmarine organisms as sources of bioactive peptides and other anticancer biomolecules Various anticancer compounds like Aplidine, Bryostatin-1, Didemin B, Dolastation, Ecteinascidine with diverse modes of action, such as, anti-proliferative, antioxidant, anti-microtubule havebeen isolated from marine sources. Traditional chemotherapeutic agents have a range of side effects likefatigue, gastrointestinal distress and depression of immune system which introduces the these sources have been shown to have antioxidantactivity and cytotoxic effect on several human cancers such as leukemia, lymphoma, ovarian, melanoma, breast, bladder, neuroendocrine, prostatic, colon and non-small cell lung cancer very potently.

Anticancer activity of Turkish marine extracts: a purple sponge extract induces apoptosis with multitarget kinase inhibition activity

Investigational New Drugs, 2020

Marine natural products have drawn a great deal of attention as a vital source of new drugs for the last five decades. However, marine organisms in the seas surrounding Turkey (the Black Sea, the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea) haven't been yet extensively explored. In the present study, three marine organisms (Dysidea avara, Microcosmus sabatieri and Echinaster sepositus) were sampled from the Dardanelles (Turkish Straits System, Western Turkey) by scientific divers, transferred to the laboratory and then were extracted with 70% ethanol. The extracts were tested for their cytotoxic effect against K562, KMS-12PE, A549, and A375 cancer cell lines. The sponge extract elicited the most promising cytotoxic activity, thus it was further evaluated against H929, MCF-7, HeLa, and HCT116 cancer cells. Most of the designated cells showed a considerable sensitivity for the sponge extract particularly H929, K562, KMS-12PE and HeLa cells with IC 50 less than 10 μg/mL. On the contrary, the other two extracts exhibited no cytotoxic activity on all cells at 100 μg/mL concentration. The sponge extract was tested for its capacity to induce apoptosis in cancer cells and to inhibit a panel of tyrosine kinases showing remarkable results. The outcome of this study represents a platform for discovery of new chemotherapeutic agents of marine natural origin.

From Marine Origin to Therapeutics: The Antitumor Potential of Marine Algae-Derived Compounds

Marine environment has demonstrated to be an interesting source of compounds with uncommon and unique chemical features on which the molecular modeling and chemical synthesis of new drugs can be based with greater efficacy and specificity for the therapeutics. Cancer is a growing public health threat, and despite the advances in biomedical research and technology, there is an urgent need for the development of new anticancer drugs. In this field, it is estimated that more than 60% of commercially available anticancer drugs are natural biomimetic inspired. Among the marine organisms, algae have revealed to be one of the major sources of new compounds of marine origin, including those exhibiting antitumor and cytotoxic potential. These compounds demonstrated ability to mediate specific inhibitory activities on a number of key cellular processes, including apoptosis pathways, angiogenesis, migration and invasion, in both in vitro and in vivo models, revealing their potential to be used as anticancer drugs. This review will focus on the bioactive molecules from algae with antitumor potential, from their origin to their potential uses, with special emphasis to the alga Sphaerococcus coronopifolius as a producer of cytotoxic compounds.

Anticancer secondary metabolites from marine sponges Deniz süngerlerinden antikanser metabolitler

2021

The oceans cover 70% of the Earth’s surface. The marine environment is an important source of secondary metabolites with high biodiversity. Besides other marine species, sponges with a wide range of secondary metabolites are an important potential for drug discovery. Cancer is one of the leading causes of death with high morbidity and mortality. It is very important to discover new therapeutic agents in the treatment of cancer. In recent years, studies on exploring new anticancer compounds are focused on the marine source. In this review, our target is collecting the studies about marine sponges secondary metabolites which have an anticancer effect. Among most of the isolated compounds from sponges and their semisynthetic derivatives, there are three FDA (US Food and Drug Administration) approved compounds and three compounds in clinical phase. Moreover, more than 40 compounds isolated from marine sponges have been tested for anticancer activity in recent 10 years. In conclusion mar...

A Review on Anticancer Drug from Marine

The marine environment is a rich source of both biological and chemical diversity. It is very much likely that marine organisms would be wonderful source of biologically active molecules The collection of the marine therapeutics includes molecules with antibiotic, antiviral, antiphrastic, analgesic and anticancer agent from bacteria, cyanobacteria, tunica, fungi, sponge This reviewfocuses on the latest studies and critical research in this field and evidences the immense potential ofmarine organisms as sources of bioactive peptides and other anticancer biomolecules Various anticancer compounds like Aplidine, Bryostatin-1, Didemin B, Dolastation, Ecteinascidine with diverse modes of action, such as, anti-proliferative, antioxidant, anti-microtubule havebeen isolated from marine sources. Traditional chemotherapeutic agents have a range of side effects likefatigue, gastrointestinal distress and depression of immune system which introduces the these sources have been shown to have antioxidantactivity and cytotoxic effect on several human cancers such as leukemia, lymphoma, ovarian, melanoma, breast, bladder, neuroendocrine, prostatic, colon and non-small cell lung cancer very potently.

Marine pharmacology in 2000: Antitumor and cytotoxic compounds

International Journal of Cancer, 2003

During 2000, marine antitumor pharmacology research aimed at the discovery of novel antitumor agents was published in 85 peer-reviewed articles. The purpose of this article is to present a structured review of the antitumor and cytotoxic properties of 143 marine natural products, many of them novel compounds that belong to diverse structural classes, including polyketides, terpenes, steroids and peptides. The organisms yielding these bioactive compounds comprised a taxonomically diverse group of marine invertebrate animals, algae, fungi and bacteria. Antitumor pharmacological studies were conducted with 19 marine natural products in a number of experimental and clinical models that defined or further characterized their mechanisms of action. Potentially promising in vitro cytotoxicity data generated with murine and human tumor cell lines were reported for 124 novel marine chemicals with as yet undetermined mechanisms of action. Noteworthy is the fact that marine anticancer research clearly remains a multinational effort, involving researchers from and the United States. Finally, this 2000 overview of the marine pharmacology literature highlights the fact that the discovery of novel marine antitumor agents continued at the same high level of research activity as during 1998 and 1999.

Anticancer Drugs from Marine Flora: An Overview

Journal of Oncology, 2010

Marine floras, such as bacteria, actinobacteria, cyanobacteria, fungi, microalgae, seaweeds, mangroves, and other halophytes are extremely important oceanic resources, constituting over 90% of the oceanic biomass. They are taxonomically diverse, largely productive, biologically active, and chemically unique offering a great scope for discovery of new anticancer drugs. The marine floras are rich in medicinally potent chemicals predominantly belonging to polyphenols and sulphated polysaccharides. The chemicals have displayed an array of pharmacological properties especially antioxidant, immunostimulatory, and antitumour activities. The phytochemicals possibly activate macrophages, induce apoptosis, and prevent oxidative damage of DNA, thereby controlling carcinogenesis. In spite of vast resources enriched with chemicals, the marine floras are largely unexplored for anticancer lead compounds. Hence, this paper reviews the works so far conducted on this aspect with a view to provide a b...

Characterization of apoptosis induced by marine natural products in non small cell lung cancer A549 cells

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 2006

The effects of different marine derived agents were studied in A549 cell growth. These drugs induced cell cycle arrest at the G 2 -M phase associated with the up-regulation of GADD45α−γ and down-regulation of c-Myc. In treated cells, GADD45α−γ and c-Myc were up-and down-regulated, respectively. A cascade of events leading to apoptotic mitochondrial 'intrinsic' pathway was observed in treated cells: (1) dephosphorylation of BAD serine 136 ; (2) BAD dissociation from 14-3-3 followed by its association with BCL-XL; (3) cytochrome c release; (4) caspase-3 activation, and (5) cleavage of vimentin. Caspase(s) inhibitor prevented the formation of cleavage products and, in turn, apoptosis was inhibited through a p53-independent mechanism. Moreover, these compounds did not activate NF-κ B. Our findings may offer new insights into the mechanisms of action of these agents in A549 cells. The better understanding of their effects might be important to fully exploit the potential of these new drugs.