A short essay on posture and movement (original) (raw)
Related papers
Posture and posturology, anatomical and physiological profiles: overview and current state of art
Background and aim of work: posture is the position of the body in the space, and is controlled by a set of anatomical structures. The maintenance and the control of posture are a set of interactions between muscle-skeletal, visual, vestibular, and skin system. Lately there are numerous studies that correlate the muscle skeletal and the maintenance of posture. In particular, the correction of defects and obstruction of tempo-romandibular disorders, seem to have an impact on posture. The aim of this work is to collect information in literature on posture and the influence of the stomatognathic system on postural system. Methods: Comparison of the literature on posture and posturology by consulting books and scientific sites. Results: the results obtained from the comparison of the literature show a discrepancy between the thesis. Some studies support the correlation between stomatognathic system and posture, while others deny such a correlation. Conclusions: further studies are necessary to be able to confirm one or the other argument. (www.actabiomedica.it)
The relation between posture and movement: A study of a simple synergy in a two-joint task
Human Movement Science, 1995
Human subjects performed fast, discrete elbow or wrist flexion or extension movements in a sagittal plane under the instruction to move one of the joints "as fast as possible". We hypothesize that, when an instruction requires voluntary movement in only one joint, the muscles controlling the other, postural joint will display changes in their levels of activation tightly coupled to the primary movement, i.e. a postural synergy. Joint angles and electromyographic (EMG) signals from two flexor and two extensor muscles were recorded and analyzed. Both muscle pairs demonstrated commonly observed tri-phasic EMG patterns. The elbow flexor and the wrist flexor tended to demonstrate simultaneous EMG bursts, while the elbow extensor and the wrist extensor also showed similar patterns of activation. This was confirmed by both visual analysis and also cross-correlation analysis of the EMG pairs. The timing of the antagonist burst in postural muscles frequently coincided with shortening of the muscle and thus could not be attributed to the action of the local reflexes to muscle stretch. We consider the EMG patterns in postural muscles to be primarily of a central origin. We suggest that the formation of postural synergies (postural anticipation) may be not a separate process, but a separate peripheral pattern of a single control process that may involve a number of joints and muscles. 0167-9457/95/$09.50 0 1995 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved SSDI 0167-9457(94)00046-S 80 M.L. Latash et al. /Human Movement Science 14 (1995) 79-107
Coordination of posture and movement
Physical therapy, 1990
Movement is performed against a background of subtle postural adjustments that counteract destabilizing forces imposed by the movement. Despite the importance of these postural adjustments to the safe and efficient performance of movement, little is known about the properties of these postural accompaniments. The purpose of this article is twofold. First, it provides a review of properties of postural adjustments that accompany a variety of limb and trunk movements. Second, a schema for the coordination of posture and movement is proposed. This schema suggests that a central nervous system model of body dynamics is essential to anticipatory control of posture during movement.
Acta Scientific Dental Scienecs, 2021
The muscular-physiology of the stomatognathic-postural system is a studied subject since 1940. Starting from the first considerations on the subject made by Dr A.G. Brodie, the authors of this review wanted to deepen the understanding of the connections and function of this complex system, which is made up of different interconnected systems. This review emphasises the importance of the link between mandibular posture and biomechanics and the biomechanics of the cervical spine through 5 main muscle groups: the hyoid muscles, the mastication muscles, the sub-occipital muscles, the cervical extensors and the flexor muscles of the neck. Therefore, the functional unit of the stomatognathic-postural system is a functional regulating unit, while various different systems (digestive, musculoskeletal, respiratory and psychological) carry out part of their activity through it. By Functional Regulating Unit we mean a system that is able to offset various bodily activities carried out within the same muscular-physiological unit of the organism within functional limits and which, without that system, could lead the human body to have an altered balance due to dysfunctions of one or more of these five muscle groups. The collaboration between the dentist and the therapist should, therefore, be based on the restoration of the correct neuro-muscular physiology of this Unit, where the dentist corrects the occlusal system and the therapist the muscular structures (five muscle groups, TMJ and upper cervical spine) system.
Attempt to model accompanying postures in training : Spatio-temporal analysis
International Journal of Networks and Systems, 2020
This is an exploratory qualitative study. It is based on a selection of scientific articles published in recognized journals. It is also carried out through search engines (Google scholar/Hal.archivesouvertes.fr/Search.openedition.or g, etc.), addressing the theme of support in general and particularly in the educational and training environment. This exploratory activity of textual data, allowed us to gather the articles and to structure them in a corpus of data. The latter generate a coherent body of knowledge on the subject of educational support and training. This textual material allowed us to identify four analyzers and finally emerge four different postures on all of our decryptions on this subject. This is, at the outset, the time allotted to accompaniment by moving from permanent to periodical. The accompaniment, therefore, is analyzed on a temporal register: from permanent to occasional. Second, it will be the space where the exchanges between the person accompanied and the accompanist will take place: from a close distance or proximity to a remote space where the exchanges take place remotely. The purpose of this article is to sketch a modelling of qualitative genesis through four accompanying postures in the field of training and education: Posture (P1): proximity-permanent; Posture (P2): remote-permanent; Posture (P3): proximity-periodical; Posture (P4): remote-periodic. It is an exploration aimed at exploring a set of characteristics specific to each of the four postures found. The study also aims to clarify the specificities of these postures, the typical tools to their exercises, the expected effects and the conditions of their applications and finally, the limits of their adoptions in the different contexts. This modelling of the accompanying postures aims at a necessary step back in the involvement in any such devices. The continuum that we have proposed (Figure 2), is intended to be progressive and obedient to an evolutionary dynamic ranging from the most watchful posture on the person accompanied (P1), to the most empowering one for him (P4).
Good Body Posture : an esthetic , moral or health concern ?
2009
This study was to comprehend, from a Body and Health Anthropological point of view, the motivations from those who search a postural education program. Method: Fifty semi-structured interviews were analyzed. Results: One main argument was identifying to justify their interest in joining a postural education program: the desire to have a good posture. Conclusion: The emphasis given to a good body posture shows a permanent intersection between health, esthetic and moral.
Comparação da oscilação postural estática na posição sentada entre jovens e idosos saudáveis
Revista Brasileira de Fisioterapia, 2009
Objectives: To describe a new method to analyze the static sitting postural sway and to compare the results of healthy young and older adult subjects. Methods: Thirty-eight healthy subjects took part in the study, including 17 young adults (mean age 23±2.38 years old) and 21 older adults (mean age 67±2.42 years old). The device used to quantify trunk sway was the magnetic field sensor Polhemus ® 3Space Isotrack II. The measurements were taken in the eyes-opened (EO) and eyes-closed (EC) condition with the subjects seated first on a wooden stable surface (SS) then on a foam unstable surface (US) without back or foot support. Each sensory condition was assessed for 90 seconds. The analyzed parameters were: maximum amplitude (Amp), total trajectory (Traj) and mean velocity (Vel) in the sagittal (X) and frontal (Y) planes. Results: In the EO and EC conditions on SS, young adults presented greater postural sway in the X and Y planes on the Traj and Vel parameters. In the US, young adults showed greater Y Traj and Y Vel in the EO and EC conditions, and there was no significant difference between the groups with regard to X Traj and X Vel in the EC condition. The young adults presented greater Amp only in the EOSS condition in the X plane. Conclusions: The young adult subjects presented greater sway in the sitting position than the older adult subjects. In addition, the Polhemus ® device was a useful tool to analyze static sitting postural sway and can be used in future studies that associate static sitting postural sway with the effect of various motor tasks.