Application of bacterial biomass as a potential heavy metals bio-removal agent (original) (raw)
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Rafidain journal of science, 2012
This paper highlighted a study on the use of bacteria as biological material for heavy metals removal from wastewater, using biomass of Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. in two time intervals (4, 24 hrs.) of biosorption process.The maximum capacity was found to be the highest for zinc by the two types of bacteria and two time intervals.While the minimum capacity was found for lead by pseudomonas spp.. The other metals have differed in the percentage uptake by two types of bacteria and two time intervals. The study has found that there is an increase in uptake after 24 hrs. of biosorption process except the lead which its percentage of uptake has decreased after 24 hrs. by Bacillus spp. while the percentage of zinc for two types of bacteria has remained constant after 24 hrs. of biosorption. As well as the research has studied the effect of addition of glucose on biosorption as an additional carbon and energy source and the results revealed that there is variation in bacterial ability for metal adsorption within the two intervals 4 and 24 hrs.
Pollution of water is one of the major concerns for whole world. Heavy metals, toxic waste and various effluents from industrialization and anthropogenic sources causes pollution of river water. These pollutants have adverse effects on health of human and other living beings in terrestrial and aquatic environment and also affect the food chain. The present study was an attempt to evaluate the water quality of river Hasdeo at Sarvamangla Nagar, Korba (Chhattisgarh). Pollution level was measured by estimating the water quality parameters [physicochemical i.e. temperature, pH, DO, BOD, COD and Level of heavy metal pollutants]. Pollution of heavy metals were observed in following order [Fe>Pb>Cd>Zn]. In addition, the bacteriological analyses involved most abundant bacterial species tolerant to heavy metal pollution and isolation identification of these heavy metal resistant bacteria from the river water of Hasdeo. The bacteriological analyses showed the population density [in %] of most abundant metal resistant bacterial species were Pseudomonas sp. [38%], Bacillus sp. [27%], E. Coli [20%] and Enterobacter sp. [15%]
Bio removal of Some Heavy metals by use Bacillus cereus
2020
Four samples were collected from different agricultural soils, as the isolates were isolated from these samples, namely Bacillus cereus, which were identified based on phenotypic characteristics and molecular diagnosis. The bioremoval process was carried out using Bacillus cereus and cadmium at concentrations (0.5, 0.2, 0.1 mg) at a temperature of 37 ° C and pH 7 for a period (72,48,24 hours), as the results showed that the highest removal of cadmium was 86% at a concentration of 0.1 mg / ml and the lowest removal was 34% at a concentration of 0.5 mg / ml. This study included the effect of the incubation period on removing heavy element ions, and it was found that the best period was 24 hours compared to 72 and 48 hours .
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research : IJPR, 2020
The pharmaceutical and hygienic productivity of wastewater containing pollutants, especially heavy metals such as nickel, andmercury are brought into the nature. Recently, bio-removal of heavy metals has attracted significant attention as an eco-friendly approach for the research departments of the pharmaceutical companies. In the current study, removal of heavy metals including mercury and nickel was assessed using isolatediron-oxidizing bacteria from different sources. To this end, bacterial populations were isolated from a variety of aquatic ecosystems; including Mahallat Pond, mountainous rivers, iron industry wastewater, and treated industrial wastewater. The bacteria were cultured and purified in iron-oxidizing media after which the removal of mercury and nickel was measured through culturing the isolated bacteria in 3 different media of Luria-Bertani, PHGII, and iron-oxidizing media containing the heavy metals (2 ppm). The results proved LB as a suitable medium for all the is...
The threat of heavy metal pollution to environmental health is getting worldwide attention due to their persistence and non-biodegradable nature. Ineffectiveness of various physicochemical methods due to economical and technical constraints resulted in the search for a costeffective and eco-friendly biological technique for heavy metal removal from the environment. The two effective biotic methods used are biosorption and bioaccumulation. A comparison between these two processes demonstrated that biosorption is a better heavy metal removal process than bioaccumulation. This is due to the intoxication of heavy metal by inhibiting their entry into the microbial cell. Genes and enzymes related to bioremoval process are also discussed. On comparing the removal rate, bacteria are surpassed by algae and fungi. The aim of this review is to understand the biotic processes and to compare their metal removal efficiency. No sludge disposal required Pretreatment required Expensive resins Adsorption using active carbon Suitable for most metals No regeneration possible High efficiency ([99 %) Performance depends upon adsorbent Expensive Coagulation-flocculation Good sludge settling Dewatering pH dependent (11-11.5) Large amount of sludge production Only treats metal concentrations \100 or [1000 mg/L Large consumption of chemicals Expensive Membrane technologies Less solid waste produced Low flow rates Less chemical consumption Recovery decrease with the presence of other metals High efficiency ([95 % for single metal) Expensive
Sustainability
Aquatic pollution is one of the main problems due to rapid development in industrialization. The remediation of industrial wastewater (IWW) by microorganisms is an environmentally friendly technique. This study was conducted to assess pollution load in IWW and to use Bacillus pakistanensis and Lysinibacillus composti individually and in a consortium for bioremediation. The IWW was obtained from Hayatabad Industrial Estate and evaluated for physicochemical parameters and metal concentration. The pH, color, electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, temperature, sulfide, fluoride, chloride, biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), calcium hardness, magnesium hardness, and total hardness were noted as 6.82, 440 TCU, 1.195 mS/cm, 54.65 mg/L, 26.8 °C, 5.60 mg/L, 3.6 mg/L, 162 mg/L, 85.5 mg/L, 921 mg/L, 232 mg/L, 794 mg/L, 590 mg/L, 395 mg/L, and 985 mg/L, respectively. The metals such as manganese, copper, chr...
American Journal of Microbiological Research, 2015
This investigation was incorporate screening for the highest multiple metal and antibiotics resistant marine bacteria at the Northern Red Sea. The two selected bacterial isolates were identified on the basis of phenotypic and genotypic characterization through 16S rDNA gene technique as Alteromonas macleodii and Nitratireductor basaltis. A. macleodii revealed high efficiency in the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution. Different factors influenced the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution by A. macleodii such salinity, pH, temperature, biomass and contact time were optimized. The metal removal was greater at the lowest initial metal concentration (50 mg l-1) and decreased with increase in the metal concentration. A. macleodii showed high efficiency in biosorption of different metals in single and multiple metal solution systems. Removal percentage of different metals by A. macleadii in a single metal system at the highest tested metal concentrations (200 mg l-1) reached Pb, 73.
Removal of heavy metal from industrial waste water using biofilm producing bacteriaJBTR
International Journal of Bio-Technology and Research (IJBTR) Vol. 9, Issue 2, 15–30 ISSN(Print) : 2249-6858, 2019
Heavy metals are a diverse group of compounds with varied characteristics. These metals are poisonous to plants, animals and humans, so they regarded a category of environmental pollutants. Hеxavalent Chromium is one of the elements which is toxic and carcinogenic. Electroplating industry is one of the sources which produce wastе water containing elevated concentration of heavy metals. Therefore, before discharging into the water body, wastewater should be treated. In this study, the bisorption technique is used for the removal of hexavalent chromium from electroplating industrial wastewater, Belgaum. Two isolates Bacillus species (TF1) and Staphylococcus aureus (G5) are used as biosorbents. The design of experiments, i.e. Rеsponse surface Methodology (RSM) is carried out to optimize rеduction process. For the reduction of Cr (VI) with concentration of 500mg/L, pH 6, glucose 0.6mg/l and bіomass concentration of 6% was found to be the most ideal factors for both the isolates. Even enzymatic study is carried out to check the type of mechanism involved in the reduction and it was found that biosorption process involved here is an intracellular process. Both isolates in the industrial wastewater shows 100% reduction of Hexavalent Chromium in a period of 4 days and SEM analysis of Bacillus species was carried out.
Bioremoval of heavy metals by bacterial biomass
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2014
Heavy metals are among the most common pollutants found in the environment. Health problems due to the heavy metal pollution become a major concern throughout the world, and therefore, various treatment technologies such as reverse osmosis, ion exchange, solvent extraction, chemical precipitation, and adsorption are adopted to reduce or eliminate their concentration in the environment. Biosorption is a cost-effective and environmental friendly technique, and it can be used for detoxification of heavy metals in industrial effluents as an alternative treatment technology. Biosorption characteristics of various bacterial species are reviewed here with respect to the results reported so far. The role of physical, chemical, and biological modification of bacterial cells for heavy metal removal is presented. The paper evaluates the different kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic models used in bacterial sorption of heavy metals. Biomass characterization and sorption mechanisms as well as elution of metal ions and regeneration of biomass are also discussed.
Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia
This paper reports the capability of consortium culture (CC) comprising of an acclimatized mixed bacterial culture to withstand the toxic effect of Cr(VI), Cu, and Pb, at 1, 10, 100 mg/l and its uptake, and to remove heavy metals from an industrial effluent. Consortium culture displayed good heavy metal resistance (75-84.6%) on nutrient agar. Inverse of heavy metal toxicity index, B (l/mg) reflected CC's ability to tolerate Cr(VI) concentration of up to 507.6 mg/l, followed by Pb at 348.43 mg/ l and Cu at 243.90 mg/l. High metal uptake capacity was observed at 1 mg/l (q = 4.47-10.33 mg/g), 10 mg/l (q = 29.27-96.07 mg/g) and 100 mg/ (q = 85.28-175.02 mg/g) in nutrient broth. Overall, metal toxicity was in the order Cu > Pb > Cr(VI), and metal uptake was Pb > Cu > Cr(VI). X-ray fluorescence screening indicated the abundance of Ca, K, P, and S on the biomass. Heavy metal removal study demonstrated that CC was able to grow in waste effluent which was not subjected to any pre-treatment or nutrient addition. Significantly higher metal removal in the range of 92-97.5% (P < 0.05) was obtained for Cd, Cr(VI), Cu, Ni, and Pb with CC. Furthermore, CC was able to thrive and compete in the presence of indigenous microbial population with no apparent decrease in metal removal capability. In conclusion, results establish the feasibility of employing CC to remove heavy metals from industrial effluents and support the development of a bacterium-based integrated waste treatment system.