Penguin 3.0 - Capturing Small Finds In 3D (original) (raw)
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3D DOCUMENTATION OF FRAIL ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDS USING LOW-COST INSTRUMENTATION
ISPRS Archives-Volume XLII-2/W17, 2019
In archaeological excavations, many small fragments or artefacts are revealed whose fine details sometimes should be captured in 3D. In general, 3D documentation methods fall into two main categories: Range-Based modelling and Image-Based modelling. In Range Based modelling, a laser scanner (Time of Flight, Structured light, etc.) is used for the raw data acquisition in order to create the 3D model of an object. The above method is accurate enough but is still very expensive in terms of equipment. On the other hand, Image-Based modelling, is affordable because the equipment required is merely a camera with the appropriate lens, and possibly a turntable and a tripod. In this case, the 3D model of an object is created by suitable processing of images which are taken around the object with a large overlap. In this paper, emphasis is given on the effectiveness of 3D models of frail archaeological finds originate from the palatial site of Ayios Vasileios in Laconia in the southeastern Peloponnese, using low-cost equipment and methods. The 3D model is also produced using various, mainly freeware, hence low-cost, software and the results are compared to those from a well-established commercial one.
Quick and Dirty: Streamlined 3D Scanning in Archaeology
to appear in Proc. CSCW 2014, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, 2014
Capturing data is a key part of archaeological practice, whether for preserving records or to aid interpretation. But the technologies used are complex and expensive, resulting in time-consuming processes associated with their use. These processes force a separation between ongoing interpretive work and capture. Through two field studies we elicit more detail as to what is important about this interpretive work and what might be gained through a closer integration of capture technology with these practices. Drawing on these insights, we go on to present a novel, portable, wireless 3D modeling system that emphasizes ‘quick and dirty’ capture. We discuss its design rational in relation to our field observations and evaluate this rationale further by giving the system to archaeological experts to explore in a variety of settings. While our device compromises on the resolution of traditional 3D scanners, its support of interpretation through emphasis on real-time capture, review and manipulability suggests it could be a valuable tool for the future of archaeology.
The advent of high quality 3D scans is about to change the way archeologists work forever. Specifically the documentation of archeological findings and the creation of illustrations to be used in publications are affected. Although numerous works have been published in the field, a free and efficient software tool is still missing. We present a new free software tool called ArtefactViewer tailored specifically to the needs of archeologists working with data from 3D scans. The main features of the tool are a) inspection and lighting of the artifact with multiple user-defined light sources, b) measuring distances, angles and areas, c) the annotation of interesting features of the artifact and d) the creation of illustrations to be used in publications.
A Proposed Low-cost System for 3D Archaeological Documentation
To meet the requirements for rapid, accurate and effective recording and documentation of archaeological excavation sites a prototype system is under development. This paper presents the first results from an easy-to-use system that utilizes photogrammetric and computer science methods, as well as tools for on-site recording, modeling and visualization of an archaeological excavation. The software-component is the main focus of our research. Its aim is multifold, such as to provide a three-dimensional reconstruction of the excavation site in a very accurate way, rapid and almost real-time recording and documentation, multiple outputs for various uses and finally to achieve all these tasks requiring minimal knowledge of Digital Photogrammetry and CAD systems, through a sophisticated and userfriendly interface, easy to be used by people, such as archaeologists that are not experts in Photogrammetry or in Information Science. Finally, in the near future it is planned to evaluate and demonstrate under real circumstances the functionality and the effectiveness of the system, so as to be performed the necessary improvements.
The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 2015
In recent years, advances in the fields of photogrammetry and computer vision have produced several solutions for generating 3D reconstruction starting from simple images. Even if the potentialities of the image-based 3D reconstruction approach are nowadays very well-known in terms of reliability, accuracy and flexibility, there is still a lack of low-cost, open-source and automated solutions for collecting mass of archaeological findings, specially if one consider the real (and non theoretical) contextual aspects of a digitization campaign on the field (number of objects to acquire, available time, lighting conditions, equipment transport, budget, etc...) as well as the accuracy requirements for an in-depth shape analysis and classification purpose. In this paper we present a prototype system (integrating hardware and software) for the 3D acquisition, geometric reconstruction, documentation and archiving of large collections of archaeological findings. All the aspects of our approach are based on high-end image-based modeling techniques and designed basing on an accurate analysis of the typical field conditions of an archaeological campaign, as well as on the specific requirements of archaeological finding documentation and analysis. This paper presents all the aspects integrated into the prototype:-a hardware development of a transportable photobooth for the automated image acquisition consisting of a turntable and three DSLR controlled by a microcontroller ;-an automatic image processing pipeline (based on Apero/Micmac) including mask generation, tie-point extraction, bundle adjustment, multi-view stereo correlation, point cloud generation, surface reconstruction ;-a versatile (off-line/on-line) portable database for associating descriptive attributes (archaeological description) to the 3D digitizations on site ;-a platform for data-gathering, archiving and sharing collections of 3D digitizations on the Web. The presentation and the assessment of this prototype is based on an interdisciplinary experience carried out on the study of the Tholos in Delphi within the framework of the CNRS's Eloquentia project and the EFA's archaeological program.
ISBN 978 1 78491 100 3 ISBN 978 1 78491 101 0 (e-Pdf) Abstract An archaeological investigation carried out by INRAP (Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives) rThe paper outlines how different state-of-the-art survey workflows can be applied to map the Early Neolithic site of Portonovo -Fosso Fontanaccia (Ancona, Italy), establishing a straightforward, fast and often low-cost workflow for excavation recording. Different survey experiences are carried out to map the five domed ovens (VI millennium BC) excavated during the 2013 field campaign, ranging from digital photogrammetric to terrestrial laser scanner data acquisition and from open source to commercial processing. The option of quick, well-tested and often low cost/open source survey pipelines makes the research experience a case-study highlighting new approaches that can be integrated in the general excavation methodology and additional interesting features such as model/data reusability. The produced photorealistic 3D models together with all the other digital data are integrated inside a GIS environment satisfying the need to manage on situ the documentation of on going excavations.
Three-Dimensional Models of Archaeological Objects: From Laser Scanners to Interactive PDF Documents
Three-dimensional (3-D) laser scanners build 3-D models of objects and have direct application in the cataloging of artifacts and in archaeological documentation. Certain low-cost scanners are suitable for small objects because the scanners have high accuracy and the ability to capture color and textures. This paper provides the workflow and the steps needed to scan small objects using a low-cost scanner, to build textured 3-D models, and to transmit these models embedded in portable document format (PDF) files. The proposed procedure permits interaction with objects in various ways, including making measurements and building sections. The results enable the dissemination of high-precision interactive models, readable with free software, thereby facilitating the study of the metric and morphological features of archaeological objects