An ideal mixture of N confined S=1-bosons (original) (raw)

Physica B-condensed Matter, 2000

Abstract

Using a new method – Path integral approach to Many Body theory – we obtain the free energy for a finite number of bosons, confined in a harmonic potential and having spin states with a different energy characterised by a magnetic quantum number. It is seen that all internal states prefer a unique condensate attributed to the (high temperature) maximum in the specific heat, the second (very low temperature) maximum is identified as the Schottky anomaly, coming from lifting the degeneracy of the internal degrees of freedom. The susceptibility clearly demonstrates the dependence of the condensation temperature on the energies of the internal degrees of freedom.

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