Effect of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation on health-related quality of life, lung function, exercise tolerance, and dyspnea in chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder patients in a tertiary care center in South India (original) (raw)
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EBNESINA, 2015
Background: There is a lack of research investigating about the influence of air pollution on firefighters work tasks. Then the aim of this study was to investigate the short-term effects of exposures to air pollution on physical fitness, respiratory volumes and some blood factors in firefighters Materials and methods: A total of 28 healthy and working men in firefighters station in south Pars special energy economic zone (Pars Jonoubi) located in Assaluyeh with average 30.2±4.2 years, height 177.6±6.2 cm, and weight 80.82±12.5 kg were chosen as subjects. Their working schedule was 14 days being constantly at working station and seven days of rest. Hose drill, VO 2 max, spirometric measurements and blood sample was taken in two stages in first and 14 th days of their settlement in working station. Results: Finding showed that VO 2 max and FEV1 had significantly increased in 14 th day in comparison with the 1 st day. While the changes in FVC, Hose drill time, hemoglobin, hematocrit and WBC were not significant in day 14 th comparing with 1 st day. Conclusion: We concluded that initial exposure to air pollution can decrease physical fitness and respiratory volumes of firefighters that can be adapted after a few days settlement in polluted environment.
Journal of Education and Community Health, 2018
Background & Objective: Inactivity is one of the 10 leading causes of death in the world, doubling the risk of cardiovascular disease. Health belief model (HBM) is an effective model in predict the regular physical activity behavior. This study aimed at identifying determinants of the regular physical activity in order to prevent cardiovascular diseases, using HBM. Instruments & Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross sectional study was conducted on employees working in a healthcare network affiliated to Ilam University of Medical Sciences in 2017. 163 subjects were selected by simple random sampling method. The instruments to collect the data were standard inventory of HBM-ISCS and self-made questionnaire that were applied after reviewing and approving their validity and reliability. Eventually, the data were analyzed, by SPSS 16, using Pearson correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis, and ETA test. Results: The perceived severity and self-efficacy were significant predictors of daily and weekly regular physical activity. Meanwhile, multiple regression analysis predicted 23.3% of the behavior. Also, gender had the strongest relationship with the barriers of physical activity and marital status and occupation had the strongest relationship with selfefficacy. Education had no significant statistical relationship with model constructs and age had a significant statistical relationship with perceived severity and the benefits of physical activity. Conclusion: The perceived severity and self-efficacy from health belief model are the strongest determinants for daily and weekly physical activity.
The Impact Of Chronic Diseases On The Quality Of Life Among The Elderly People In The East Of Tehran
Payavard Salamat, 2012
Background and Aim: Increase in life expectancy is associated with noncommunicable diseases. This study is aimed to survey the effect of chronic diseases on the quality of life among the elderly people in elderly care centers in the East of Tehran in 2011. Materials and Methods: This is an analytical study in which 424 people were randomly selected. They were members of elderly care centers and were 60 years of age or higher. The data collection instruments were a standard quality-of-life questionnaire(SF36) and a chronic diseases record checklist. The data were collected in an interview. For data analysis purposes, Independent T-Test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient were used. Results: The mean age of participants was 67.34±7.16. Some 92.2% of patients were suffering from at least one chronic disease, and there was a significant statistical difference between the mean points of all aspects of quality of life of those suffering from chronic diseases and those without a history of chronic diseases(P<0.001). Moreover, there was a significant relationship between the quality of life on the one hand and gender, marital status, economic status, and education on the other(P<0.05). Conclusion: The findings show that an increase in the number of chronic diseases leads to a decrease in the quality of life, and that the application of appropriate educational and interventional approaches can help take effective steps to enhance the old people's health.
Effect of Faculty Training Programs on Improving Quality of Residency Exams in 2013-2014
پژوهش در آموزش علوم پزشکی, 2015
Introduction: Multiple choice questions are the most common and objective test in medical science education. The aim of this study is to determine effectiveness of faculty development program on quality of residency exams in medical school of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences (QUMS) in Iran. Methods: This was a Quasi-experimental study (before & after intervention) .Faculty development program was conducted in three phases: First, a book titled "design and evaluation of multiplechoice questions "was given to all departments. All questions from residency exams of QUMS for 7 specialty programs in 2013 (there were 150 questions for each specialty, totaling 1050 questions) were structurally evaluated using a valid and reliable checklist based on Millman principles. In the second phase, feedback of survey result were given to all 7 groups. Finally, educational workshops, one for each department were organized before residency exams in 2014. Data related to questions designed by faculties who had participated in the interventional workshop were analyzed using statistical T-test and ANOVA. Results: Overall, 2100 questions related to 7 departments including: pediatric, surgery, internal medicine, cardiology, psychiatry, obstetrics and gynecology, anesthesiology were analyzed. Findings showed that poorly structural questions in 2013were 0.58 ±0.02, and in 2014, were 0.44± 0.02. Using a t-test of independent groups showed significantly different before and after training (p<0.001). Conclusion: Current study showed that faculty development programs are significantly effective in promoting and it needs to be developed.