How Rich is Platelet Rich Plasma? A Simple Preparation Method of PRP and Its Quality According to Various Classification Systems (original) (raw)
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INTRODUCTION: Despite the various methods described in producing platelet-rich plasma (PRP), it is well established that this biological product in its many preparations have been proven to enhance wound healing. However, very little have been known about the efficacy of these methods hence there is a lack of evidence in the superiority of one method over another. Thus, a study was conducted to compare these different protocols to determine which produces the highest concentration of platelets. METHODS: Peripheral blood was obtained from 24 healthy volunteers. Four different protocols using similar 2 step centrifugation methods of preparing PRP were applied to an equal number of samples in this study. Platelet counts were performed on whole blood (without processing), PRP preparations and platelet-poor plasma (PPP). RESULTS: All protocols produced higher amounts of platelet concentrates in PRP preparations than plasma. However, centrifugation at 150g for 10 minutes followed by another at 450g at 10 minutes produces significantly higher amount of platelets concentration (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Optimizing the protocols to produce PRP appears to be important in obtaining a maximal yield of platelet concentrate. Here the protocol described has shown to provide significant concentration yield over all others.
2019
Introduction: Platelet-rich plasma is widely used in different fields of medical science, because platelets are rich in growth factors and cytokines which play important role in wounds healing and tissue regenerative processes. The wide variation in reported PRP preparation protocol leads to variable composition and biological response. Detailed, precise and stepwise description of PRP preparation protocol for consistent composition is needed. Aim: Obtain desired composition of platelets in PRP. Materials and method: For PRP preparation 5ml of whole blood (4.38ml blood+0.614ml CPDA-1 anticoagulant) from 60 participants (30 study group-A and 30-B for data validation) in two subgroup test tube. Test tubes are centrifuged for 1st spin: subgroup B-I at 200g for 12min, B-II at 700g for 4min and 2nd spin: B-I at 1500g for 6min, B-II at 700g for 15min. By leaving calculated PRP-2 volume required for desired platelet concentration according to formula, remaining upper platelet poor plasma (...
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP): Methodological aspects and clinical applications
Platelets, 2014
The clinical use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is based on the increase in the concentration of growth factors and in the secretion of proteins which are able to maximize the healing process at the cellular level. Since PRP is an autologous biologic material, it involves a minimum risk of immune reactions and transmission of infectious and contagious diseases, and it has been widely used for the recovery of musculoskeletal lesions. Despite the great potential for applicability, the implementation of the therapeutic employment of PRP as a clinical alternative has become difficult, due to the lack of studies related to the standardization of the techniques and/or insufficient description of the adopted procedures. Therefore, it is required establish standard criteria to be followed for obtaining a PRP of high quality, as well as a larger number of studies which should establish the proper concentration of platelets for the different clinical conditions. In this context, the purpose of this review is to discuss some methodological aspects used for achieving the PRP, as well as to discuss the bioactive properties of PRP, and to point out its therapeutic use in different fields of regenerative medicine.
Platelet-rich Plasma: A Recent Review
Journal on Recent Advances in Pain, 2020
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), prepared from autologous blood, is commonly used in various pathologies like hip and knee osteoarthritis, rotator cuff pathology, epicondylitis, tendinitis, fracture healing and back pain, for tissue regeneration, wound healing, scar revision, skin rejuvenating effects, and also in treatment of alopecia. It is one of the important products, which is nowadays being used by pain physicians aggressively. But, the preparation protocols vary and there are many factors that influence the composition of PRP. The aim of this review is to find the details of PRP and the standard preparation protocol, if any.
Standardization of the method to obtain therapeutic-quality platelet-rich plasma
International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 2014
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a reliable source for obtaining cells to regenerate tissues, with ease of availability inorder to implement and standardize the ideal methodology in centrifugation strength and time for obtaining therapeutic-quality PRP, allowing its application to provide better and rapid recovery of muscular injuries, tendinitis, bone and ligament lesions. To evaluate PRP therapy, 150 patients with muscular lesions, tendinitis, shoulder, knee, ankle, hand and elbow injuries were treated. On application of PRP, we obtained 100% clinically significant symptomatic improvement in all 150 patients treated, who had musculoskeletal and ligament injuries, with a marked reduction of pain and inflammation. We concluded that the ideal concentration for obtaining PRP is at 1000 rpm with a time of 5 min; in addition, under these conditions the plasma lacks leukocytes and erythrocytes. The results were reproducible because the experiment was repeated at two institutions under the same conditions and similar results were obtained. The regeneration obtained in the affected patients is due to the fact that growth factors were released from the activated platelets; these initiate and modulate cicatrization in the tissues, which is a recent innovation to promote cicatrization, accelerating the power of tissue regeneration, with a platelet concentrate suspended in plasma.
Comparison of Small Volumes of Blood for the Preparation of Platelet-Rich Plasma
2019
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is used in variety of surgeries from oral to cosmetic and cardiac to orthopedic for therapeutic purposes. It releases the growth factors upon activation which are thought to accelerate the regenerative and healing process. We aimed to investigate the concentration of PRP obtained by using three different volumes of whole blood keeping centrifugation time and speed constant. Briefly, after taking 3 ml, 5 ml and 7 ml volumes of blood from healthy males (n=5) the samples were centrifuged at 500 RPM for 15 min. The supernatant containing platelet poor and rich plasma was obtained from the actual sample for each volume used followed by platelet count. The number of platelets in the supernatant obtained from GI (3 ml) decreased while from GII (5 ml) and GIII (7 ml) increased. In all the studied groups, no linear relationship has been noted. From the results we can conclude that small volumes of peripheral blood used for the preparation of PRP can be equally sign...
A Comparative Study of 2 Methods for Obtaining Platelet-Rich Plasma
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2007
Purpose: Double and single centrifugation are the most commonly used techniques for obtaining platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in dentistry. In this study, we used and compared 2 methods for obtaining PRP: double centrifugation (ACE system; Surgical Supply and Surgical Science Systems, Brockton, MA) and single centrifugation (Nahita system; Nahita, Navarra, Spain). Materials and Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 30 random patients. Each blood sample was treated using the ACE system and Nahita system methods, after which the obtained material was analyzed by flow cytometry for platelet counts and by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for ultrastructural analysis of the PRP gel. Results: Platelet count analysis of the PRP obtained from both methods revealed that the ACE and Nahita systems accomplished platelet concentrations of (336%) and (227%), respectively. The platelet counting results obtained from the ACE system samples were more dispersed than their Nahita system counterpart. The ultrastructural (ie, TEM) study showed considerable alterations of the platelet aggregates in the ACE's PRP, especially when the samples were not mixed in the final stage of the procedure, whereas the Nahita aggregates always had a normal physiological appearance. Conclusions: The ACE double-centrifugation method is able to achieve higher platelet concentrations than the single-centrifugation Nahita system, although the results obtained by ACE were more dispersed. Nevertheless, the ACE system provoked alterations in the PRP ultrastructure, and it was more sensitive to small errors during preparation.
Plate-Rich Plasma and its Utility in Clinical Conditions: A Systematic Review
Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 2021
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous product derived from whole blood through the process of density gradient centrifugation which contains a concentrated form of a large number of platelets in a small volume of plasma. PRP has a higher concentration of growth factors than whole blood. These growth factors promote natural healing. PRP is becoming more popular as a treatment option for a broad spectrum of medical disorders. PRP has been studied but has received less attention. The objective of this literature review was to focus on the utility of PRP on various medical conditions and, to consolidate the available evidence on PRP for the practicing dermatological conditions.
Platelet Rich Plasma - Platelet Counts and Application - A Literature Review
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International
Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is a novel method of using plasma concentrated with platelets for wound healing and tissue regeneration. Platelet rich plasma is prepared from the venous blood using a differential centrifugation technique. It involves a separation spin and a concentration spin, yielding platelet rich plasma. PRP products have been classified into 4 types depending upon major cell constituent and fibrin density upon activation. These are as follows: Pure PRP, Leukocyte and PRP, Pure PRF, Leukocyte and PRF. PRF differs from PRP in that it is rich in a high density fibrin network after activation. PRP is abundant in a variety of growth factors such as VEGF, PDGF, TGF, EGF, and Interleukin-1. Literature consists of reports by different authors about the platelet yield of PRP centrifuged by different systems. A number of factors have also been quoted to influence the platelet concentration in platelet rich plasma. Hence, the aim of this review is to discuss the platelet concen...