Stroke: Frequency of Risk Factors in Patients Admitted at Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad/Jamshoro (original) (raw)
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Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences
BACKGROUND Every year, more than 33 million people worldwide experience an acute stroke. ischemic stroke is caused by loss of blood supply to brain tissues due to sudden occlusion of arterial system by an embolus or a thrombus. Non-modifiable risk factors are age, sex & genetic factors whereas modifiable ones include hypertension, diabetes, smoking, tobacco chewing, dyslipidaemia, obesity, cardiac disease etc. Aim of the present study is to evaluate & compare the presence of various risk factors of ischemic stroke among males & females. METHODS The study was conducted at BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, during the academic year 2019-2020. All patients with ischemic stroke on CT Head & age >18 years were included in this cross-sectional study. Detailed history including age, addictions, comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension), previous stroke history & compliance to treatment was taken. A short neurological & laboratory examination was performed in each patient. RESULTS In this study, a total of 100 patients was included out of which 57 were male & 43 were female. The mean age of stroke was 64.82 years [males-65.62 years, females-63.5 years]. The most common risk factors responsible for ischemic stroke was hypertension-52% [males-50.4%, females-53.57%]. Other risk factors were diabetes-28% [males-29%, females-25.6%], cardiac disease-13% [males-8.8%, females-18.6%], dyslipidaemia-12.3% in males & none of females. Smoking & tobacco chewing were more common among males (54.4% each). Dyslipidaemia & tobacco use was significantly associated with ischemic stroke in male patients. CONCLUSIONS There is increasing incidence of acute ischemic stroke which is directly related to modifiable risk factors like dyslipidaemia, smoking & tobacco use in male patients. Advanced age is strongly related to acute stroke in both males & females. Hypertension is the commonest risk factor overall for ischemic stroke.
Clinical Pattern of Stroke and Distributions According to Age, Gender and Potential Risk Factors
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2018
Background: Stroke with mortality rate up to 25% is a fatal clinical syndrome. Most common risk factors are Hypertension, smoking, family history of stroke and diabetes mellitus. The objective was to study the pattern of brain strokes, areas and vascular territories of brain affected as per computerized tomography scan (CT scan) findings and risk factors in stroke patients admitted in Allied hospitals of Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Allied hospitals of Rawalpindi Medical College (RMC), Rawalpindi from September 2016 to February 2017 after taking ethical approval from Institutional Research Forum (IRF). All diagnosed cases of Stroke (Ischemic stroke or Hemorrhagic stroke) on the basis of Computerized Tomography Scan (CT-Scan) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) admitted to Medical Units of Allied Hospitals of RMC were included in the study irrespective of their age and gender. A Structured Questionnaire designed according to the objectives of this study was used for data collection. SPSS (Version-22) for windows was used for analysis through frequencies, percentages and cross tabulations. Result: Out of 200 diagnosed cases of stroke 115 (57.5%) were males and 85 (42.5%) were females. Mean age of patients was 53.73 years. Regarding the types of stroke, predominance of ischemic stroke 121 (60.5%) was seen as compared to hemorrhagic stroke which constitutes of 73 (36.5%) of the cases and the remaining 6 (3%) were the cases where both types of stroke were diagnosed based on CT scan reports. Male predominance 66 (54.54%) was seen in Ischemic stroke as well as in Hemorrhagic stroke 48 (65.75%) as compared to females (Ischemic stroke 55 (45.50%) and Hemorrhagic stroke 25 (34.24%). Most common vascular territory involved in all types of stroke was of middle cerebral artery 115 (57.5%). Among Hemorrhagic stroke subarachnoid hemorrhage 49 (67.1%) was the most common site. In our study most common potential risk factors were Hypertension 115 (57.5%), Smoking 91 (45.5%), Family history of stroke 60 (33 %) and Diabetes 55 (27.5%). Conclusion: Most commonly ischemic stroke, with overall male predominance was seen in our study. Hypertension, smoking and diabetes were the most common modifiable risk factors. Vascular territory of Middle cerebral artery and subarachnoid area were most commonly involved regions of brain in stroke. More than 63 % of patients were above the age of 45 years.
Evaluation of risk factors associated with stroke
Bangladesh Medical Journal Khulna, 2016
Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability and is the third commonest cause of death worldwide. It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality with disability and social dependence throughout the world. An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among purposively selected one hundred and seventy patients with stroke admitted at Kushtia Medical College Hospital, Kushtia from July 2014 to June 2015 to evaluate the different modifiable risk factors and their frequency among stroke patients. Stroke patients with more than 24 hours duration presenting within seven days of onset irrespective of age, sex and demographic profile were included in the study. After obtaining informed consent, patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were thoroughly evaluated for the presence of risk factors. Data were collected by investigators themselves. Out of 170 confirmed cases of stroke, 89 (52.35%) were male, while 81 (47.65%) were female. Mean age of the patients was 63.74 years with a standard deviation of 16.5 years. The highest incidence 43 (24.70%) of stroke was in the age group of 60 to 69 years. As many as 122 (71.76%) had ischaemic stroke, while 48 (28.24%) had haemorrhagic stroke. At least 119 (70.00%) cases were hypertensive. 41 (24.11%) cases had diabetes mellitus, 31 (18.23%) had hyperlipidaemia, 52 (30.6%) were smokers and 25 (14.70%) had past history of stroke. Among 81 female patients, 66 (81.48%) were in post-menopausal, whereas 15 (18.52%) were in the reproductive age group. Of them 5 (33.33%) had history of taking oral hormonal contraceptive. Hypertension, smoking, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidaemia are the identified modifiable risk factors associated with stroke.
Background: Modifiable risk factors of stroke are presumably poorly controlled in Nepalese population. This hospital-based study aims to assess the prevalence and control of these risk factors in stroke patients admitted to Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital prior to the occurrence of stroke. Method: The study was conducted among sixty-one patients admitted in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital. History and clinical examination were performed to gather relevant information. Necessary tests were run to confirm the diagnosis of stroke and to identify the presence or absence of risk factors. Result: Hypertension, physical inactivity and smoking were the most common modifiable risk factors of stroke. Risk factors that could have contributed to the occurrence of the stroke were poorly controlled in these patients. The majority of the patients cited negligence and lack of knowledge for not seeking health care and/or not complying with medical advice. Conclusion: Risk factors for s...
IOSR Journals , 2019
Background: The latest data from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2013 (GBD 2013) ranked cerebrovascular disease as the second largest contributor to death and disability adjusted life years worldwide after ischaemic heart disease. 1,2 Cerebrovascular disease ranks the first in frequency and importance among all the neurological diseases in adult life. Stroke is the most common cause of death, after heart disease and cancer. Cerebrovascular disease is estimated to account for 7.8 million deaths yearly throughout the world and represents about 13 % of all causes of death..At the first stage of selection we found 3213 patients with several cardiac complications. In the second and the last step of the participant selection of the study only Two Hundred (200) patients with only first attack of acute ischemic stroke were selected as the main study participants. Result: In our study, it was found that; hypertension which is the major risk factor for acute ischemic stroke was present in 106(53%) of patients out of total 200 participants. Hypertension were present in 58(29%)% of males &48(24%) of females. In total30(15%) of males were smokers and alcoholics12(6%) in the study population. None of the women in our study had indulgence in alcohol or tobacco usage. Risk factors like dyslipidemia was present in22(11%) of the study population respectively. Major symptoms of the participants was DM, representing 30(15%) of total participants. Conclusion: In our study we observed that, hypertension was the major risk factor for acute ischemic stroke and it was found in near about eighty percent patients. Besides that, smoking, alcohol taking diabetes and dyslipidemia were also attracted our thinking. This was a single center study with small sample size. So, the study results might not be reflected in the whole community.
Frequency of modifiable risk factors in stroke patients
Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC
Stroke is one of the common causes of admission in medical and neurology units in hospitals. The aim of this study was to find out the frequency of modifiable risk factors, and association of ischaemic stroke with these risk factors in stroke patients admitted in Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad. This a cross-sectional descriptive hospital based study, carried out in medical units of Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad on 150 patients with stroke. Thorough history, clinical examination and appropriate investigations were performed to collect all the relevant information. CT scan was done to confirm the diagnosis. Out of 150 subjects, 90 (60%) were males, while 60 (40%) were females. Ischaemic stroke was found in 105 (70%) patients and 45 (30%) were having haemorrhagic stroke. The risk factors were hypertension in 127 (84.7%), diabetes 31 (20.7%), Coronary artery diseases 31 (20.7%), previous TIA/stroke 42 (28%), smoking 28 (16.7%) and obesity 16 (10.7%). There was no statistically s...
Study to Evaluate the Risk Factors in Patients with Ischemic Stroke in S.V.R.R.G.G.H. Tirupati.
IOSR Journals , 2019
Introduction Stroke is a leading public health problem, it is second to heart disease as a worldwide cause of death and a leading cause of long term disability. The treatment of patients with ischaemic stroke is still not very effective and prevention of stroke is a better option. The incidence of stroke can be reduced by adequate control of risk factors. This study intends to the assess the most common risk factors in patients with ischaemic stroke and their prognosis. It aims to help in treating these risk factors to reduce the incidence of stroke in the population. Methods: 130 patients with ischaemic stroke who met the inclusion criteria were evaluated with a comprehensive clinical history and detailed physical examination and relevant investigations. Their prognosis during the hospital stay was also determined. Results: At the end of the study it was noted that the incidence of stroke in males was 58.4%. 50.9% of stroke occurred in people aged above 60 years. The most common risk factors were smoking (46.2%), hypertension (38.46%), dyslipidemia (18.46%) alcohol consumption (15.39%), diabetes mellitus (13.09%), heart diseases (10.7%), tobacco chewing (9.23%), history of recent delivery (1.6%) and family history of stroke (1.6%). It was also noted that 72.3% of patients had multiple risk factors of which 7% had a complete recovery while 22.2% of patients with single risk factors had a complete recovery. Conclusion: It was found that stroke was more common in males when compared to females and increasing age (>60 years) was associated with increased incidence of stroke. Most common modifiable risk factors were smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia, alcohol consumption and diabetes mellitus. The most common non modifiable risk factors were increasing age, male sex and family history of stroke. Prognosis depends on the number of risk factors present. It was also found that increasing age, hyperglycaemia and multiple risk factors were associated with poor prognosis.
Frequency of Risk Factors in Stroke Patients admitted to DHQ Teaching Hospital, D.I.Khan
Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences, 2010
Background: There are a number of risk factors for stroke. The aim of this study was to explore modifiable risk factors in patients admitted to medical unit, DHQ Teaching D.I.Khan. Methodology: This descriptive study was conducted on 50 patients with stroke, admitted to medical unit DHQ Teaching Hospital D.I.Khan from October 2006 to July 2007. A simplified clinical approach was adapted by evaluating each patient. All the findings were recorded in printed proforma. Patients with focal neurological deficit for more than 24 hours presenting within 7 days of onset, irrespective of age and demographic profile were included in the study. Those with tubercular meningitis, brain tumor, viral or bacterial encephalitis, trauma, or multiple sclerosis were excluded. Results: Out of 50 patients, 38(76%) were males and 12(24%) females with male to female ratio 3:1. Mean age was 63.42 years. Cerebral infarction was found in 32(64%) patients while 18(36%) had intracerebral hemorrhage on CT scan. T...
RISK FACTORS FOR STROKE: A hospital based study
Objective: Stroke is the commonest neurological cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world being the third leading cause of death. The goal of this study was to ascertain the frequency of risk factors for first ever stroke in our patients. Patients and Methods: This prospective study included all patients of either sex, 20 to 70 years and above admitted in Dr. Ziauddin Medical University Hospital, North Nazimabad Campus, Karachi, with first ever stroke verified by CT scan brain during a period of one year. Results: Data analysis showed that 70.1% had cerebral infarction and 29.9% cerebral hemorrhage. The mean age at presentation was 62 years and male to female ratio 1.05:1.The most frequent risk factors included hypertension 65.8%, smoking 43%, diabetes mellitus 41.3%, underlying cardiac diseases 29.1%, family history of stroke/transient ischemic attack in the first-degree relatives 26.7%, high cholesterol 25.5%, history of past transient ischemic attack 24.9% and significant extracranial carotid atherosclerosis in 18.18%. In-hospital mortality was 11.7%. At 30-day follow up 22.27% of all stroke survivors were functionally independent. This study suggested that diabetes mellitus was more and underlying cardiac diseases less frequent in our patients than in the western reported series. Cerebral hemorrhage was relatively more common and the mean age at presentation was lesser compared to those in the developed countries. Conclusion: Stroke patients consume a large part of health resources all over the world so accurate information about the incidence, risk factors, management and outcome is needed for planning medico-social services besides primary and secondary stroke prevention in the community.