Hypoglycemic effects of Acacia nilotica in type II diabetes: a research proposal (original) (raw)
Related papers
2017
Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial disease which is characterized by hyperglycemia, lipoprotein abnormalities, raised basal metabolic rate, defect in reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes and altered intermediary metabolism of major food substances. Diabetes is a major degenerative disease in the world today, affecting at least 150 million people and having complications which include hypertension, atherosclerosis and microcirculatory disorders. The crude methanolic extract of Acacia nilotica bark with different soluble partitionates were subjected to investigate for the evaluation of analgesic, hypoglycemic, CNS depressant and antidiarrheal activity on mice and thrombolytic, anthelmintic, antimicrobial, antioxidant along with cytotoxicity different in vivo experiment. Hypoglycemic activity of the plant Acacia nilotica was evaluated and the result depicted that the Methanolic crude extract, Dichloromethane fraction at a dose of 400mg/kg body weight showed significant hypogly...
The Hypoglycemic Activity and Safety of Aqueous Stem Bark Extracts of Acacia nilotica
Acacia nilotica is used traditionally to manage several diseases including Diabetes mellitus, however, its efficacy and safety is not well evaluated. The aim of this study was to determine in vivo the hypoglycemic activity and safety of the aqueous stem bark extracts of this plant in male swiss white albino mice. The anti-diabetic activity was screened in alloxan induced diabetic mice using oral and intra-peritoneal routes. The safety of this plant extract was studied in mice that were orally and intraperitoneally administered with 1 g/kg body weight daily for 28 days by recording changes in body and organ weight, hematological and biochemical parameters and histology. Mineral composition was estimated using total reflection X-ray fluorescence system and atomic absorption spectrometry. Phytochemical composition was assessed using standard procedures. The extract administered at 50, 100, 200, 300 mg/kg body weight showed hypoglycemic activity. The Intraperitoneal route was more effective compared to the oral route. Intraperitoneal administration of the extract at 1 g/kg body weight significantly reduced body weight gain, percent organ to body weight of testes, while oral administration at the same dose decreased levels of platelets. Oral administration of the aqueous stem bark extracts of A. nilotica at 1 g/kg body weight caused increase in levels of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, Creatine kinase, and Total bilirubin while decreasing levels of alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, α-Amylase, and Alkaline phosphatase. Intraperitoneal administration of the same dose decreased levels of aspartate aminotransferase. The aqueous stem bark extract of A. nilotica contained tannins, total phenols, flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids. Sodium, chlorine, potassium, calcium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, copper, zinc, arsenic, nickel, lead, and cadmium were present in the aqueous stem bark extracts of A. nilotica at levels below the recommended daily allowance. In conclusion, the observed hypoglycemic activity and slight toxicity could be associated with the phytochemicals present in this plant extract.
Planta Medica, 2011
The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of aqueous methanol extract (150 and 300 mg/kg body weight) of Acacia nilotica pods in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats for 60 days, and its biochemical, histopathological and histochemical study in the kidney tissues. Diabetic rats exhibited hyperglycemia, elevated of serum urea and creatinine. Significant increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) was observed in diabetic kidney. Histopathological examination revealed infiltration of the lymphocytes in the interstitial spaces, glomerular hypertrophy, basement membrane thickening and tubular necrosis with loss of their brush border in some of the proximal convoluted tubules in diabetic rats. Acacia nilotica extract lowered blood glucose levels, restored serum urea and creatinine. In addition, Acacia nilotica extract attenuated the adverse effect of diabetes on LPO, SOD and GSH activity. Treatment with Acacia nilotica was found to almost restore the normal histopathological architecture of kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. However, glomerular size and damaged area showed ameliorative effect after treatment with the extract. In conclusion, the antioxidant and antihyperglycemic properties of Acacia nilotica extract may offer a potential therapeutic source for the treatment of diabetes.
JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2015
To compare the duration and effects of aqueous methanol Acacia-nilotica leaves extract and glibenclamide as hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic activity in diabetic rats. The experimental study was conducted at Shifa International Hospital in collaboration with National Institute of Health, Islamabad, from September 2010 to August 2011.Male Sprague Dawley albino rats were taken and divided into 8 equal groups. Groups I and II were the normal and diabetic control rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced in group II to VIII by administering 110 mg/kg body weight alloxanand at day 4, fasting blood glucose level of >200 mg/dl confirmed diabetes. Acacia-nilotica leaves extract was given to group III, IV and V and glibenclamide to group VI to VIII for a period of 1-3 weeks. Blood samples were analysed for lipid profile using enzymatic calorimetric method and serum insulin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on days 0, 7, 14, and 21. There were 64 rats in the study, with 8(12.5%) in each group...
Phytomedicine, 2012
The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of aqueous methanol extract (150 and 300 mg/kg body weight) of Acacia nilotica pods in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats for 60 days, and its biochemical, histopathological and histochemical study in the kidney tissues. Diabetic rats exhibited hyperglycemia, elevated of serum urea and creatinine. Significant increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) was observed in diabetic kidney. Histopathological examination revealed infiltration of the lymphocytes in the interstitial spaces, glomerular hypertrophy, basement membrane thickening and tubular necrosis with loss of their brush border in some of the proximal convoluted tubules in diabetic rats. Acacia nilotica extract lowered blood glucose levels, restored serum urea and creatinine. In addition, Acacia nilotica extract attenuated the adverse effect of diabetes on LPO, SOD and GSH activity. Treatment with Acacia nilotica was found to almost restore the normal histopathological architecture of kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. However, glomerular size and damaged area showed ameliorative effect after treatment with the extract. In conclusion, the antioxidant and antihyperglycemic properties of Acacia nilotica extract may offer a potential therapeutic source for the treatment of diabetes.
Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research, 2018
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has today remained one of the world's greatest medical challenges. It is a metabolic disorder caused by inadequate insulin secretion and/or action leading to increased blood glucose levels (hyperglycaemia). World diabetes prevalence is estimated at over 400 million people representing some 8% of the population, while for Africa the prevalence rate is as high as 4.5%. 1 Mortality, morbidity and economic burden for the disease worldwide is high. Mortality is estimated at 5.0 million deaths per year globally and the economic burden stands at over 600 million dollars spent on the disease yearly. 2 Complications of the disease that leads to the mortality and the economic burden includes nephropathy, neuropathy, angiopathy, amputations and blindness. 3 Factors associated with the increase in diabetes prevalence include sedentary life styles, obesity, probable genetic factors and unhealthy eating habits. 4 Dietary regulation with exercise, oral hypoglycaemic drugs and insulin injections 5 remain the major management strategies for the disease by orthodox medical practitioners. Side effects, compliance and costs, thereby leading to
Studies on the hypoglycaemic activity of Acacia suma (Roxb.) barks.pdf
The different extracts of the barks of Acacia suma (Roxb.) (Family-Fabaceae) was tested for hypoglycaemic activity in normoglycaemic and alloxan induced hyperglycaemic rats at dose levels of 100,200 and 400mg/kg, p.o. respectively. The extract was further subjected to oral glucose tolerance test in normal rats. The hypoglycaemic activity of the bark was compared with the reference standard glibenclamide (2.5 mg/kg, p.o.). The study revealed that the bark extract caused significant reduction in the blood glucose level in both normoglycaemic and alloxan induced diabetic rats at the tested dose levels in a dose dependant manner. In glucose-loaded animals, the extract also reduced the elevated blood glucose concentration. The study established the scientific basis for the utility of this plant in the treatment of diabetes and justifies the use of the barks of the plant for treating diabetes as suggested in folklore remedies.
Plants, 2021
Acacia arabica is used traditionally to treat a variety of ailments, including diabetes. This study elucidated the antidiabetic actions of A. arabica bark together with the isolation of bioactive molecules. Insulin secretion and signal transduction were measured using clonal β cells and mouse islets. Glucose uptake was assessed using 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and in vitro systems assessed additional glucose-lowering actions. High-fat-fed (HFF) obese rats were used for in vivo evaluation, and phytoconstituents were isolated and characterised by RP-HPLC followed by LC-MS and NMR. Hot-water extract of A. arabica (HWAA) increased insulin release from clonal β cells and mouse islets by 1.3–6.8-fold and 1.6–3.2-fold, respectively. Diazoxide, verapamil and calcium-free conditions decreased insulin-secretory activity by 30–42%. In contrast, isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX), tolbutamide and 30 mM KCl potentiated the insulin-secretory effects. The mechanism of actions of HWAA involved membrane depolari...