Contraceptive use and distribution of high-risk births in Nigeria: a sub-national analysis (original) (raw)
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This study investigated the socio-economic factors associated with reported contraceptive use by women of reproductive age in northern Nigeria. Bivariate and logistic regression analysis was applied to successive Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS: 1999-2013) data to examine the relationship between reported use of modern contraceptives (the dependent variable) and the socio-economic status (age, rural-urban residence, education, religion, current work status, marital status, and number of living children) of these women in the north-east (NE) and north-west (NW) geo-political zones (GPZs). The results indicated that women’s socio-economic status were positively associated with use of modern contraceptives in the NW in 1999 (AOR=2.15; 95%CI=1.47, 3.14), 2003 (AOR=1.64; 95%CI=1.30, 2.08) and 2013 (AOR=1.30; 95%CI=1.12, 1.50) and also in the north-east in 2008 (AOR=0.74; 95%CI=0.64, 0.86). Contraceptive use could increase as FP programmes better respond to the socio-economic and cultural circumstances of women in northern Nigeria.
Latent and Under-explored Determinants of Contraceptive Use in Nigeria
Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 2020
Introduction The Nigerian population policy targeted a 30.2% prevalence of modern contraceptives among its population by the year 2015. In spite of the widespread knowledge of contraceptive use among the population, the prevalence stood at 12% in 2018. This study, riding on several previous studies on the determinants of contraceptive use in Nigeria, investigates the latent and under-explored determinants against the background that what is known has not significantly translated to the realization of the country's population policy targets. Methods Using data on 27,274 married and in-union women aged 15-49 from the 2013 Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey, the relationships between sex preference, family composition, intimate partner violence, and coital frequency and contraceptive use were analyzed using bivariate statistics and logistic regression. Results The prevalence of contraceptive use was 9.9%, and in both the unadjusted and adjusted regression models with other known sociodemographic confounders of contraceptive use, family composition, and active coital frequency predicted increased odds of utilization (P < 0.001). Preference for sons was latent and implicated in family composition and contraceptive use. Conclusions The study concludes that ethnic differences and cultural attributes of the ethnic groups which underlie issues of family composition should be given prominence in efforts at scaling up contraceptive use in Nigeria. Policy Implications With the findings from this study, population control policies in Nigeria and efforts at scaling up contraceptive utilization in particular, should be tailor-made to accommodate ethnic differences and inherent cultural attributes of the more than 380 ethnic groups in the country as this was found to underlie fertility preferences and how family composition is viewed.
Examining the Determinants of Contraceptive Use in Northern Nigeria
2020
Background: The Northern part of Nigeria, has higher rates of child marriage, lower levels of contraceptive use, lower rates of antenatal care, fewer births delivered in a health facility, and higher total fertility rates and adolescent fertility rates than Southern regions. The purpose of this study is to identify predictors of current and intentions to use contraception, among young women of Northern Nigeria. Methods: The data analyzed in this study are from 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey, part of the Demographic and Health Survey by USAID. Results: Participants (N = 10066) ranged in age from 15 to 24 (mean = 19, sd = 2.76) from the three northern regions of Nigeria, primarily lived in rural areas (68.7%, n = 7107). We found that, 83.3 percent of the sample had heard of modern contraceptive methods, though only 3.6 (n = 357.2) were currently using a modern contraceptive method, and 43.4 (n = 4286.4) intended to use them. Conclusion: The primary predictors of contracept...
This study examined the variations in demographic correlates and patterns of contraceptive usage among married women in Nigeria. The data used were the Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys (NDHS) data set series for 1999, 2003 and 2008. Overall, 34,919 women in age group 15-49 years were covered in the ratio of 17:15:69 across the three data set respectively. The data sets were merged into a single file and analyzed using a combination of univariate and multivariate analytical techniques. The findings reflect, among others, a progressive increase in contraceptives usage from 1999 to 2008. The study confirmed among others that educational attainment, usual place of residence and age are universal determinants of contraceptive use while desired number of children could be intermediated with other factors to influence contraceptive use among women of child bearing age in Nigeria. The study recommends further campaign towards increasing usage of contraceptives in order to stem the growth rate of children ever born.
Contraceptive Use in Nigeria: Does Social Context Matter?
African journal of reproductive health, 2020
Contraceptive use in Nigeria has remained low despite the efforts of government and non-governmental agencies to increase its uptake. Most studies on contraceptive use have focused on individual-level determinants and evidence is sparse on the influence of social or community context. This study examines the influences of contextual factors on modern contraceptive use in Nigeria. We used data from the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey, and a sample of 12,186, currently married women aged 15-49 years. Multilevel logistic regression which provides a flexible modeling for hierarchical data was used to examine the effects of contextual factors on contraceptive use. Findings revealed considerable low usage of contraception across the regions of Nigeria. Living in high and moderate ethnically diverse communities and communities that have high proportion of educated women was significantly associated with increased usage. The findings provide useful information for policy makers t...
Journal of Health Science, 2014
Background Nigerian women are known to have high fertility rates and a low utilization of modern contraceptives. Understanding the factors affecting the use of contraceptives using a nationally representative data is crucial to tackling the low prevalence of contraceptive use in Nigeria. Methods: Secondary dataset of 33,385 women aged 15-49 years, who participated in the 2008 National Demographic and Health Survey was analysed. We calculated contraceptive prevalence rates for various population sub-groups, and examined the association between socio-demographic characteristics and current modern contraceptive use, using multiple logistic regressions. Results: Mean age of the respondents was 31.1±8.8 years. Current contraceptive prevalence rate was 13.2%, while that of modern methods was 9.4%. The significant factors associated with the utilization of contraceptives were urban residence (OR=1.22, 95%CI=1.11-1.35), being a working class woman (OR=1.22, 95%CI=1.11-1.35), being educated (OR=1.22, 95%CI=1.11-1.35), parity (OR=1.22, 95%CI=1.11-1.35), being wealthy (OR=2.62, 95%CI=2.14-3.21). Importantly, the likelihood utilization varied across the gradient of wealth. Women in richest (OR=2.62, 95%CI=2.14-3.21), richer (OR=2.44, 95%CI=2 .02-2.94), and middle (OR=1.78, 95%CI=1.48-2.14) wealth quintiles were more likely to use modern method compared to women in the poorest category. Conclusions: Prevalence rates were very low across virtually all segments of the population. Concerted efforts are required to increase use of modern methods of contraception.
Texila International Journal of Public Health, 2019
This study investigated the socioeconomic determinants of contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in Tarauni local government area of Kano state, Nigeria. The research used descriptive survey design to collect and analyse cross sectional data from the study population with the aid of structured questionnaire that was validated. The population of this study comprised of Women of Reproductive Age-15-49 living in urban and rural parts of the study area. A total of one hundred and twenty (120) participants, selected through simple and systematic random sampling technique participated in the study. The study data was analysed with SPSS version 20 and presented as frequency tables and simple percentage, while chi-square statistics was used to answer the formulated research hypotheses at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings of this study indicate that religion, cultural norms and occupational status of the woman are strongly associated with the use of family planning by women of reproductive age. However, level of education was not significantly associated with the use of contraceptive in this study. The study recommends that interventions targeting Muslims should recognise the diversity among sects and be more targeted; Family planning messages should target and address cultural beliefs and norms including gender roles that hinder use of contraceptive method among women of reproductive age. Government should provide income generating opportunity for women and expand service delivery points with adequate and affordable products and services to encourage use.
ontraceptives has been shown to promote maternal health and wellbeing, as well as child survival. The goal of this study is to look into the socioeconomic and sociodemographic factors that influence women of reproductive age in Nigeria's use of modern contraceptives. The study used data from the 2018 Nigeria Demographic Health Survey and multivariate regression analysis to examine it. Results from the study shows that religion, residence and exposure to need for contraceptive have a negative but significant influence on the use of modern contraceptives. While education, wealth, marital status and desire for more children positively influence the use of contraceptives. The study therefore concludes that these factors play a key role in
Contextual Factors Influencing Modern Contraceptive Use in Nigeria
Background: Despite the acknowledged health and socioeconomic benefits of use of modern contraceptives, their use in Nigeria remains persistently low, with wide variations in pattern of use. Given Nigeria’s commitment to doubling her contraceptive prevalence within four years, it is imperative to investigate the mediating role of contextual factors in influencing contraceptive behavior, for more responsive programming. This study therefore aims to assess the role of contextual factors in determining use of modern contraceptives in Nigeria. Methods: A multilevel modelling was carried out using data from the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) among women age 15-49. The weighted sample used in the analysis comprised 13,835 women of reproductive age who were married, fecund and did not desire a child within two years of the study, drawn from 904 clusters (enumeration areas) across the country. The clusters were taken as representative of communities. The outcome variable used in the modelling was current use of modern contraceptives. Results: Overall, individual and community level variables accounted for 82% of the variations in contraceptive use in Nigeria. Positive community-level predictors of contraceptive use level were the level of female autonomy, female education and access to health facilities within the community. Conversely, communities with higher proportions of Muslim and higher proportions of polygynous marriages negatively predicted use of modern contraceptives. Also, compared with the South West Zone, all the other zones of the country except the South Zone had significant lower odds of contraceptive use. Poverty and rural residence had no significant effect on use of modern contraceptives. Conclusion: Individual and community characteristics were significant predictors of use of modern contraceptives in Nigeria and thus these factors should be taken into account in programming for family planning in the country. Keywords: Nigeria, modern contraceptive use, contextual factors, multilevel models
Correlates of Contraceptive Use and Desire for less Children in Nigeria
The Nigerian Journal of Sociology and Anthropology, 2017
The negative consequences of non-use of contraceptives on reproductive health are well documented. The role of contraceptive use in attaining the desired number of children in Nigeria is yet to receive adequate academic investigation. The central concern of this paper was to examine how socio-cultural and economic variables influence contraceptive use and desire for less number of children among currently married women of reproductive age (15-49) in Nigeria. The data were derived from the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and health Survey (NDHS). The NDHS collected data on current background characteristics, contraceptive methods, desire for more children, and number of living children, among others. The 23,933 currently married women respondents who had provided responses to questions on contraceptive use methods and desire for more children constitute the sample. The study found large disparities among correlated variables as factors determining contraceptive use and desire for more child...