Climate Change and Infectious Diseases in Funtua Local Government Area of Katsina State, Nigeria (original) (raw)
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Meteorological Applications, 2020
It is often difficult to define the relationship and the influence of climate on the occurrence and distribution of disease. To examine this issue, the effects of climate indices on the distributions of malaria and meningitis in Nigeria were assessed over space and time. The main purpose of the study was to evaluate the relationships between climatic variables and the prevalence of malaria and meningitis, and develop an early warning system for predicting the prevalence of malaria and meningitis as the climate varies. An early warning system was developed to predetermine the months in a year that people are vulnerable to malaria and meningitis. The results revealed a significant positive relationship between rainfall and malaria, especially during the wet season with correlation coefficient R2 ≥ 60.0 in almost all the ecological zones. In the Sahel, Sudan and Guinea, there appears to be a strong relationship between temperature and meningitis with R2 > 60.0. In all, the results f...
Potential future risk of cholera due to climate change in northern Nigeria
African Research Review, 2017
Cholera is one of the infectious diseases that remains a major health burden in West-Africa and especially in Nigeria. Several studies have raised concern that climate change may exacerbate the risk of the disease in the future. Projecting the future risk of this disease is essential, especially for regions where the projected climate change impacts, and infectious disease risk, are both large. Projections were made by forcing an empirical model of cholera with monthly simulations of four meteorological variables from an ensemble of ten statistically downscaled global climate model projections for Representative Concentration Pathways 2.6, 6.0 and 8.5 scenarios. Result indicates statistically significant increases in cases during April-September for RCPs 6.0 and 8.5 in both near (2020-2035) and far (2060-2075) future. The months with the largest increases coincide with the months (May and June) in which maximum temperature increases are also large. Cases only showed potential increases in the wettest months of July and August in the far future projections for RCPs 6.5 (8.3 and 7.9%) and 8.0 (17 and 21%) respectively.
Climate influences on infectious diseases in Nigeria, West Africa
2014
Meningitis and cholera have remained major health burden in Nigeria, especially in the heavily populated northwest region – which is identified as one of the “hotspots” of climate change. The strong sensitivity that both diseases exhibit to climate is raising concern that future anthropogenic climate change may exacerbate the occurrence of the diseases. This thesis aimed at modelling the influences of climate on the incidence of the selected diseases, and assessing their future risk in northwest Nigeria. The aim is achieved by first, investigating and understanding the spatial and time characteristics of both meteorological and diseases conditions in the region. This was followed by developing and validating suites of empirical statistical models capable of explaining and predicting both diseases. Models that are specifically designed for climate change studies were applied to estimate the future impact of climate change, by forcing them with simulations from an ensemble of statisti...
Advances in human services and public health (AHSPH) book series, 2017
Malaria is currently affecting more people in the world than any other disease. On average, two members of each household suffered from malaria fever monthly, with females and children being most vulnerable to malaria attacks. This chapter assessed communities' perception about malaria epidemic, weather variable and climate change in metropolitan Kano. Information was extracted related to communities' perception about malaria epidemic and climate change. Socio demographic characteristics of respondents in the study areas were extracted and analyzed. 75% of the participants were males, while 25% were females, malaria disease affected 79.66% and 59.66% respondent perceived that heavy rainfall, floods and high temperature are better conditions to the breeding and spread of malaria vectors. Hospital records revealed that Month of March and April (2677 and 2464, respectively) has highest number of malaria cases recorded between December 2010 to June 2011. Further research is recommended for in-depth information from health officials related to raising awareness.
2017
Malaria is currently affecting more people in the world than any other disease. On average, two members of each household suffered from malaria fever monthly, with females and children being most vulnerable to malaria attacks. This chapter assessed communities’ perception about malaria epidemic, weather variable and climate change in metropolitan Kano. Information was extracted related to communities’ perception about malaria epidemic and climate change. Socio demographic characteristics of respondents in the study areas were extracted and analyzed. 75% of the participants were males, while 25% were females, malaria disease affected 79.66% and 59.66% respondent perceived that heavy rainfall, floods and high temperature are better conditions to the breeding and spread of malaria vectors. Hospital records revealed that Month of March and April (2677 and 2464, respectively) has highest number of malaria cases recorded between December 2010 to June 2011. Further research is recommended ...
Fudma Journal of Sciences, 2020
The occurrence and frequency of malaria in humans has been attributed to climate change due to change in human activities over the years. The paper assessed the influence of temperature and rainfall variation on malaria diagnosed enrollees of NHIS in Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. Temperature and rainfall data and malaria prevalence for the period of 2008-2017 were analyzed. Second order polynomial curve fitting was used to determine the non-linear trends of temperature, rainfall and malaria cases. Its relationship was tested using Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient. The result revealed that an upward trend in temperature and rainfall is capable of increasing the occurrence of malaria in the study area. There is a strong relationship between the number of malaria diagnosed enrollees of NHIS and the change in temperature and rainfall. It is recommended that there is need for proper environmental sanitation and more awareness on the need to use insecticide treated nets (ITN) to prevent mosquito bites. Also, proper budget on malaria for both enrollees should be made increased during the rainy season than the dry season in order to checkmate the challenges derived from variation in temperature and rainfall on individual's health.
The International Journal of Science & Technoledge, 2021
The study used a retrospective design to examine the temporal patterns of malaria morbidity in Oyigbo LGA and investigate the relationship between temperature and rainfall on patterns of malaria morbidity in Oyigbo L.G.A. from 2007-2017. Malaria morbidity data from 2007 to 2017 were obtained from the Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response System of Rivers State Ministry of Health while temperature and rainfall records from year 2007 to 2017 were obtained from Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NIMET), Abuja. Data generated were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and presented using descriptive and inferential statistics. A total of 43,662 malaria cases was recorded in the study area within during the study period with mean morbidity of 330.77. Mean temperature of 27.32 o C and mean rainfall of 137.13mm were recorded. Temperature showed a negative relationship with malaria which was significant in the years 2012 and 2014. Rainfall and morbidity showed a positive relationship which was significant only in year 2012. Across the months, temperature and malaria morbidity showed a negative insignificant relationship. However, rainfall showed a positive and significant relationship with malaria morbidity in May. Malaria remains endemic among the local subjects in the study area. During the study period, overall study showed no significant relationship between malaria morbidity, temperature and rainfall. This is to say that climatic variables are not the major drivers of malaria morbidity in the study area. It is therefore recommended that more epidemiological studies be carried out to determine the drivers of malaria transmission to aid evidence-based interventions
Climate change is a global phenomenon with consequential health effects on humans especially the children. The relationship between climatic parameters and climate related diseases in children was examined in Abuja Municipal Area Council (AMAC), Nigeria. For the purpose of this study, ten-year data on climatic parameters were obtained from Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NIMET). Hospital records of children under 13 years of age who were diagnosed with climatic related diseases were also collected. Questionnaire was designed to collect information on respondents’ socioeconomic characteristics and level of awareness of climate change. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used in analysing the data collected. Findings revealed that as the pattern of temperature and rainfall increased, the incidences of malaria, respiratory diseases, and typhoid, pneumonia, meningitis and skin diseases decreased. The incidences of diarrhoea and measles however decreased with increase in pattern of temperature and rainfall. Efforts required in mitigating the effects of climate change on children were suggested to be policy formulation and interventions on the part of the relevant government agencies.
FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES
Temperature and rainfall variability as an important factor that could affect the occurrence of Cholera becomes one of the major concerns globally. This study assessed the influence of these factors on the occurrence of Cholera in Kano State, Nigeria. The researchers employed the used of Cholera surveillance data obtained from Kano State Ministry of Health, the mean monthly temperature, and total monthly rainfall data downloaded from the climatic research unit of the University of East Anglia archive (2010 to 2019). The data were analyzed using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) in ArcMap 10.8 environment. Results showed that an increase in temperature by 1 unit positively influences the occurrence of Cholera by 19.69, 11.7 and 18.7 unit during hot/dry, warm/wet, and cold/dry season respectively. Similarly, an increase in rainfall by 1 unit brings about a rise in the outbreak of Cholera by 0.67 and 0.97 unit during hot/dry and warm/w...
THE EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON HUMAN HEALTH IN DAMATURU
The frequency and intensity of rainfall and temperature health related incidences are expanding from micro-scale to global scale with intensive direct and indirect impacts. This study assessed the effect of temperature and rainfall variability on human health in Damaturu, Yobe State from 2009 to 2018, which was achieved by determining the annual trends of temperature and rainfall occurrence in relation to diseases incidence in the study area. Multi-stage stratified systematic random sampling technique was adopted. Based on the National water rehabilitation house numbering in Damaturu, the study area was stratified into three strata where two communities from each of strata were selected using systematic random sampling. Data was collected using questionnaire, meteorological records of temperature and rainfall occurrences and hospital records of diseases incidences. The findings of the research established that rainfall and temperature variability are significantly associated with the prevalence of seasonal diseases incidences in Damaturu. Malaria incidences have high correlation with rainfall and temperature variability at significant level of 0.033 whereas measles and diarrhoea indicate a positive correlation. These indicated that about 38%, 14% and 8% of variances in malaria, diarrhoea and measles incidences respectively are associated with temperature and rainfall fluctuation in Damaturu. The combination of higher temperatures, prolonged dry season and floods coupled with scarce water resources and poor sanitation made traditional and newly established settlements more vulnerable to outbreaks of diarrhoeal and malaria incidences in Damaturu town. The study recommended that meteorological agencies in collaboration with health agencies should develop a proactive solution that will provide a timely and accurate forecasting and projection of vulnerability of the population in Damaturu to climate sensitive diseases and infection.