Anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive potentials of Salacia lehmbachii leaves (original) (raw)
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British Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 2017
The aim of this study is to scientifically elucidate the effects of Ethanol Stem Bark Extract (ESBE) on inflammation, pyrexia and pains induced in rats and mice, following the claim that decoction from stem-bark of Salacia Lehmbachii (SL) is used in treating feverish and painful conditions in southeastern parts of Nigeria. The anti-inflammatory activities of the ESBE of this plant were studied, using carrageenan and egg albumin-induced paw edemain albino Wistar rats; and antipyretic activities were examined, using Dinitrophenol and Brewer's yeastinduced pyrexia in Wistar rats, while acetic acid-induced writhing and tail immersion models were used for analgesic study. LD50 and ED50 of the ESBE were carried out to determine its safety and dosing regimen, respectively. Thirty animals were randomly selected and grouped into five with six animals per group for each experiment. Group 1 and 5 (controls) received 20 mL/kg of distilled water and150 mg/kg of aspirin and 10 mg/kg of morphine (tail immersion study) respectively; while groups 2 to 4 received 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg of the extract respectively. The ED50 was 150 mg/kg. The ESBE of SL exhibited significant (p<0.05) dose related effects in all the experimental models. Doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg abolished the induced edema, induced pyrexia and pains, highly comparable to respective positive controls. Therefore, ESBE of Salacia lehmbachii possesses potent antiinflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic activities, likely resulting from its phytochemical constituents. Hence, its folkloric use in herbal medicines for pains and fever is justified.
2015
Salsola is one of the largest and most important genera in the family Chenopodiaceae. Salsola species are used for their anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, anthelmintic and antipruritic effects and also as diuretic in traditional medicines worldwide. The aim of the present study is to assess the activity potential of the extracts, subextracts and isolated compounds from the aerial parts of and Salsola grandis, an endemic species in Turkey in a scientific platform. The effects of the extracts, subextracts and isolated compounds were investigated using in vivo experimental models of inflammation and pain in mice, and also total phenolic content of the plant was determined. For the evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity, carrageenan-induced paw edema and for the assessment of antinociceptive activity, p-benzoquinone-induced nociception tests in mice were employed. The crude ethanol extract of the plant was sequentially fractionated into five subextracts, namely n-hexane, CHCl3, ...
Anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and antinociceptive activities of Tabernaemontana pandacaqui Poir
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2003
The aim of this study is to scientifically elucidate the effects of Ethanol Stem Bark Extract (ESBE) on inflammation, pyrexia and pains induced in rats and mice, following the claim that decoction from stem-bark of Salacia Lehmbachii (SL) is used in treating feverish and painful conditions in southeastern parts of Nigeria. The anti-inflammatory activities of the ESBE of this plant were studied, using carrageenan and egg albumin-induced paw edemain albino Wistar rats; and antipyretic activities were examined, using Dinitrophenol and Brewer's yeastinduced pyrexia in Wistar rats, while acetic acid-induced writhing and tail immersion models were used for analgesic study. LD50 and ED50 of the ESBE were carried out to determine its safety and dosing regimen, respectively. Thirty animals were randomly selected and grouped into five with six animals per group for each experiment. Group 1 and 5 (controls) received 20 mL/kg of distilled water and150 mg/kg of aspirin and 10 mg/kg of morphine (tail immersion study) respectively; while groups 2 to 4 received 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg of the extract respectively. The ED50 was 150 mg/kg. The ESBE of SL exhibited significant (p<0.05) dose related effects in all the experimental models. Doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg abolished the induced edema, induced pyrexia and pains, highly comparable to respective positive controls. Therefore, ESBE of Salacia lehmbachii possesses potent antiinflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic activities, likely resulting from its phytochemical constituents. Hence, its folkloric use in herbal medicines for pains and fever is justified.
2012
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Salvia officinalis L. has been used as a traditional herbal medicine for gastric disturbances and inflammatory processes. This study investigated the toxicological, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of the hydroalcoholic extract (HE) from leaves of Salvia officinalis and its isolated compounds in mice. Materials and methods: Mice were treated with HE before the induction of nociceptive response by chemical agents (acetic-acid, formalin, glutamate, capsaicin and cinnamaldehyde). Total leukocytes and plasma extravasation induced by acetic acid and paw oedema induced by glutamate, capsaicin and cinnamaldehyde were also measured. The antinociceptive effect of carnosol and ursolic acid/oleanolic acid were evaluated on formalin and cinnamaldehyde models. Results: In the acute toxicity test the value of estimated LD50 for HE was 44.7579 g/kg. Oral administration of HE (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg) inhibited the number of writhings, total leukocytes and plasma extravasation induced by acetic acid. In the formalin test, HE reduced both neurogenic and inflammatory phases, effect that was affected by naloxone. The glutamate-, capsaicin-and cinnamaldehyde-induced nociception and paw oedema were reduced by HE at doses that did not affect the locomotor activity of mice in the open field test. Carnosol (10 mg/kg) and ursolic acid/oleanolic acid (30 mg/kg) inhibited the inflammatory phase of formalin and the nociception and mechanical allodynia induced by cinnamaldehyde. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that HE presents significant anti-inflammatory and also antinociceptive effects on chemical behavioral models of nociception that involves an opioid mechanism. In addition, carnosol and ursolic acid/oleanolic acid contained in this plant appears to contribute for the antinociceptive property of the extract, possibly through a modulatory influence on TRPA1-receptors. However, further studies regarding the precise site and the mechanism of action of HE and carnosol and ursolic acid/oleanolic acid merited exploring further.
Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Salix alba Linn and Calotropis procera (Aiton) Dryand
The methanolic extracts of Salix alba Linn and Calotropis procera (Aiton) Dryand were tested for the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in white albino mice. The acetic acid writhing response in mice was used to assess analgesic activity and plethysmometric measurement of formalin-induced paw edema was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of both the plant extracts. The extracts exhibited a dose-dependent analgesic action. S. alba extracts showed more potency than the standard drug aspirin in all the doses tested and C. procera extract showed prominent response in comparison to aspirin at doses as high as 62.5 mg/kg of plant extracts. The result also indicates that the extracts inhibited the paw edema size and shows inhibition of the inflammation (*p<0.05) well above the inhibitory effect of the aspirin (100mg/kg i.p). Acute toxicity tests showed that both of the plant extracts had no significant toxicity up to the dose of 125 mg/kg body weight. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins and glycosides in both the plants. The results indicated that both of the extracts possesses significant analgesic as well as anti-inflammatory properties.
In vivo analgesic activity of Salvia wiedemannii Boiss. used in Turkish Folk Medicine
Planta Medica, 2011
The aerial part of Salvia wiedemannii Boiss. (Lamiaceae) has been used for treatment of peptic ulcers and relieving pain in Turkish folk medicine. To evaluate the analgesic effect of S. wiedemannii, tail flick and acetic acid-induced writhing tests were used in mice. The chloroform extract (500 mg/kg, i.p.) obtained from S. wiedemannii showed significant analgesic activity on tail flick assay, while water, ethanol and butanol extracts of the plant had no activity on the same test. Chloroform extract (500 mg/kg, i.p.) also inhibited number of writhings induced by acetic acid. Chloroform extract provided analgesic effects similar to morphine. Its effect was quick and durable. This in vivo study demonstrates that S. wiedemannii has strong analgesic effect as the public believed.
The purpose of this investigation was to elucidate the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of aqueous acetone extracts from Cienfuegosia digitata Cav; and Sida Alba L. in Swiss mice, with an aim to provide a scientific basis for the traditional use of these plants in the treatment of inflammation disorders. In antiinflammatory activity, the carrageenan-induced paw edema and oil croton-induced ear edema in Swiss mice. As for analgesic effects, acetic acid writhing and formalin test methods were used in mice. About anti-inflammatory potential, the extracts at doses of 100; 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight produced significant comparatively to the control groups (p<0.05; p<0.01 and p<0.001) and we noticed a dose-dependent anti-inflammatory activity. The dose-dependent inhibition of edema was observed at 1; 2 and 3 h. However, extracts showed dose-dependent inhibition of croton oil induced ear oedema, at doses of 200; 300 and 500 µg/ear. As for analgesic activity, extracts produced significant analgesic effects in acetic acid writhing and formalin test method (p<0.05; p<0.01 and p<0.001) compared to the control groups and a dose-dependent inhibition was observed. The present study concludes that Cienfuegosia digitata Cav. and Sida Alba L. have anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.
This study was undertaken to investigate the anti inflammatory activity of aqueous leaf extract of Salvia coccinea (AESL) by in vitro and in vivo. Membrane stability assay, protein denaturation inhibition assay were examined to evaluate the anti inflammatory activity of AESL by in vitro. The in vivo anti inflammatory effect of AESL was studied against carrageenan induced inflammation at the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o. Ascorbic acid and indomethacin were used respectively as reference agents for comparison of in vitro and in vivo anti inflammatory studies. Phytochemical screening analysis results showed the presence of amino acids, cardio glycosides, flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, terpenoids and tannins, The in vitro results showed that AESL significantly reduced the heat induced hemolysis of erythrocyte membrane and protein denaturation up to 90%. When studied for anti inflammatory activity, AESL showed dose dependent decrease in paw volume of carrageenan induced inflammation in Wistar Albino rats and showed significant protection compared to the positive control drug indomethacin. The results have been demonstrated that the anti inflammatory activity of Salvia coccinea and afford a rationale value for its medicinal uses in inflammatory diseases.