Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF BUSINESS LEADERSHIP (original) (raw)
Related papers
2014
Writing the dissertation has been an immense journey. I wish to thank all those who contributed to and had an impact on this study, without them it would not have been possible. Firstly I would like to thank my supervisor Professor P. Msweli for his meticulous academic guidance and support during this study. I am humbled and blessed to have gone through this demanding yet necessary educative process. I wish to sincerely acknowledge the unwavering support and encouragement I got from my wife Angeline and children; Blessing, Russell and Ethan. They supported me, showered me with love, and afforded me space to accomplish this assignment.
International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, 2013
This literature review examines evidence for corporate community engagement, it maps out its field as it currently stands, and identifies the gaps in what is currently known on corporate community engagement. It also assesses on the best way to engage communities in extraction of minerals by both extractive industries and research. The review was done in 2012. The study is organised around three research questions germane to corporate community engagement. The first question is: What are the factors that trigger conflict between corporates and local communities? The second question is: How do local communities define meaningful corporate engagement? The third question is shaped by evidence in literature which supports the notion that community engagement is a process of inclusive participation that supports mutual respect of values and actions for authentic partnership of people in the same geographic proximity. The question is: using the levels of participation how can the awaked social energies in communities be harnessed to develop corporate community engagement that supports authentic partnerships. The review locates the concept of corporate community engagement within levels of participation. Firstly the domain of the corporate community engagement is specified and validated through a two stage process informed by key informants located in mining communities. The study uses a Meta ethnography methodology to address the study questions. Throughout the methodological steps followed, an attempt was made to ensure that existing knowledge was incorporated as well as practical realities of corporate community engagement within the extractive industries.
An analysis of corporate community engagement in Zimbabwe
A notable conflict in extractive industries is a clash of competing interests. A desire to address this conflict has resulted in the development of corporate social responsibility (CSR) theories. The aim of this paper is to provide an indepth understanding of factors that have a significant impact on positive corporate community engagement, by focusing on the engagement aspect of corporate social responsibility. The study is centered around the following three questions: (1) How should corporates engage with local communities to ensure positive engagement outcomes? (2) What is the role of communities in the corporate engagement process? (3) What are the key components of Corporate Community Engagement? Using qualitative and quantitative data instruments, empirical evidence was generated from five communities in close proximity to platinum and diamond mining companies in Zimbabwe. The qualitative data gathering process generated ten key components of corporate community engagement. E...
IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2014
The research attempted to find the relevance of community development and corporate social responsibility in the work of indigenisation and empowerment programmes in Zimbabwe. The study was therefore carried out in two different Districts where mining companies operate. The study employed a qualitative method in collecting data. The study then find out that corporate social responsibility is influenced by the desire to make profits and not by the philanthropic need to assist communities in their economic, social and environmental development. The research noted the need for Government to introduce mechanisms that help mining companies to use some of their profits to improve local communities like community share ownership schemes in a transparent and accountable manner to ensure that all citizens benefit despite individuals' political and economic affiliations. This could happen through recruitment of locals with appropriate skills to avert the problems of unemployment, to motivate companies to procure some items which can be found locally as part of promoting community development as this would assist locals to improve on their lives. One of the mechanisms would be to adhere to the requirements of the indigenisation and Empowerment Act with some amendments to accommodate all stakeholders making it an all encompassing piece of legislation which does not discriminate on colour, political affiliation, race or place of origin.
Exploring community engagement challenges in the mining sector of South Africa
Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (Indonesian Journal of Community Engagement)
South Africa has recently experienced an increase in unrest within urban and rural communities, despite attempts from both government and business levels to engage communities through community engagement (CE) forums. This has had a negative impact on the operations of businesses in the mining industry in South Africa. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore CE challenges in the South African mining sector, to understand the dynamics and factors affecting the peaceful equilibrium between the relevant stakeholder groups using CE best practices. The study used qualitative research methods where semi-structured interviews, as well as focus group discussion, was conducted among different stakeholders who were selected purposefully. Data were thematically analysed using the Atlasti software programme. The following themes were identified: Anglo social way, CE approaches, CE structures, guiding policies, terms of references and municipality framework. It was recommended that c...
The International Journal of Humanities & Social Studies
The main reason for the prominence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the mining sector is a result of the fact that, in general, the sector negatively affects local communities socially, economically, and environmentally. The sector is criticised by civil society, the Government, and local activists in the host areas. Hence, mining companies are forced to respond by implementing CSR programmes that address issues like education, health, environmental and infrastructural issues. Minerals are finite resources, and mining companies close operations once minerals are exhausted in a given area, leaving some potentially harmful damage to the communities in terms of the environment, animals, and social lives and livelihoods of the local people. However, the whole issue about CSR is volunteerism, where companies contribute to the social, economic, and environmental welfare of society without any mechanism to regulate their actions. Through participant observation, key informant in...
2016
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has attracted wide attention and debate throughout the world in recent years. Various stakeholders have developed increased expectations from corporations and employees as one of the key stakeholders are not an exception. Employees now expect their companies to be sensitive and considerate of their social concerns through different employee oriented CSR packages. Previous studies on CSR focused on what mining companies should do for the community and the environment of their operations. Minimal research in the context of Zimbabwe with regard to establish the relationship between CSR and employee engagement has been conducted. Recently the government of Zimbabwe through the MYIEE enacted legislation with effect to the establishment of ESOTs and CSOTs by all mining companies operating in Zimbabwe as part of their CSR packages. This development however was received with mixed feelings amongst mining companies with some even perceiving it as a threa...
The International Journal of Business & Management
The majority of developing countries in Africa are struggling to get their vast mineral resources to significantly contribute to sustainable socioeconomic development of their economies in general and rural communities that host mining companies in particular. The situation where countries that have vast mineral wealth but the citizenry remains very poor has become known as the "resource curse". In Sub-Saharan Africa this situation obtains in countries such as Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Zambia, Mozambique and Zimbabwe, to name but a few.With a focus on Zimbabwe, the purpose of this study is to ascertain the extent to which Corporate Social Responsibility programmes of mining companies contribute to the socioeconomic development of communities that host mining operations. Government leaders, community leaders and members of mining communities in Zimbabwe are clamoring for a bigger share of revenue deriving from mineral extraction in their areas in an effort to achieve a level of socioeconomic development that is commensurate with the level of mineral wealth in their area and to mitigate the paradox of very poor rural communities that host very large prosperous mining firms. Meanwhile, Zimbabwe mining companies strongly believe that through their Corporate Social Responsibility programmes, they are significantly contributing to sustainable socioeconomic development of the rural communities that host their mining operations. This scenario presents a gap and a conflict which prompted the researcher to embark on this study. The researcher used a mixed methods approach in the collection and analysis of data where questionnaires and interviews were employed. The research findings confirmed the hypothesis as community leaders and members of the mining communities stated that there must be more investment by mining companies in areas like roads, water infrastructure, health facilities, schools, etc. To the contrary, all the major mining companies surveyed confirmed their strong belief that their Corporate Social Investment is more than adequate. With a view to solving this glaring problem and to foster harmony between key stakeholders in the mining industry in Zimbabwe, the researcher concluded his study with a recommendation to the effect that a minimum Corporate Social Investment threshold based on a percentage of revenue be set and applied uniformly across the mining industry in Zimbabwe. Further, each mining entity must make an annual Corporate Social Responsibility report showing the attainment of the set minimum annualCorporate Social Investment target. This is set to solve the problem and bring uniformity, predictability and transparency in the Corporate Social Responsibility programmes of mining companies in Zimbabwe, with the level of socioeconomic development reflecting the level of mineral endowment and extraction in the mining communities.
Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences
The mining industry has both positive and negative impacts on their host communities. Therefore, it is not enough for mines to only rely on the legal licence, but instead, they need to nurture a trust-based relationship with the community called ‘Social License to Operate’ (SLO). The main objective of the study was to examine how ‘Social License to Operate’ can be developed and sustained using community engagement between Konkola Copper Mines - Nchanga Mine (KCM) and the communities within 10 km radius from the mine operations in Chingola, Zambia. The conceptual and theoretical framework of the study was grounded in the ‘Relative Deprivation Theory’ and the ‘Social Identity Theory’. The methodology of the study was qualitative and delved into a contemporary stakeholder risk issue affecting KCM. Therefore, data in the form of voice recordings and field notes was collected through 28 semi-structured interviews out of an estimated population size of over 28,000 households from five res...
International Journal of Sustainable Development, Vol. 07, No. 11, pp. 89-98, 2014, 2015
Zimbabwès mining sector continues to be touted as the anchor and backbone to country's economic growth and poverty reduction initiatives. This fact is acknowledged in the Government of Zimbabwe's five year development plan where mining and mineral beneficiation have been identified as an important development cluster. Mining is outlined as the lead sector based on its contribution to both the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and export earning having contributed nearly 20% and 60% respectively in 2013. However given the prominence mining has in the economic and fiscal realm of the country in Zimbabwe there is limited participation by communities in natural resources governance. Platforms for communities to dialogue with government and mining companies on the impacts of mining on the life in general and livelihoods in particular are very few. Despite the potential of the mining sector to contribute to economic development, the sector is presently causing untold suffering to the local communities living adjacent to mining operations. Some of the problems affecting mining communities include issues of forced evictions and relocations of communities from their traditional lands without free and prior informed consent and lack of fair and adequate compensation in order to pave way for mining activities. These irregular relocations and resettlements have been done and continue to be done without government and the mining companies recognising local communities as an important stakeholder in the mining sector. This situaton is leaving a lot of poor men, women and children suffering from loss of agricultural and grazing lands, thereby, threatening their food security and livelihoods. The situation is even worse for rural women as they are heavily dependent on subsistence agriculture for their livelihoods. Furthermore, mining activities continue to cause environmental degradation, siltation of rivers, water and air pollution that affect their lives related to extractives. The above scenario sets a clear justification for convening Alternative Mining Indabas as open platforms for mining affected communities to discuss the impacts of mining on their livelihoods, rights and environment with the government and the mining companies. The fundamental concept behind the initiative being to enable communities to deliberate on these issues and provide a platform within which they develop advocacy strategies that would ensure the protection, promotion and realization of their rights in the mining sector by government and mining companies. Alternative mining Indabas have evolved to become the biggest public interest gatherings on mining and mining impacts in Zimbabwe. This paper thus serves as an expose of the major outcomes from all alternative mining Indabas held in Zimbabwe in 2014.