Integrated risk management in the implementation of dual grey and potable water reticulation systems in South Africa (original) (raw)

MANAGEMENT OPTIONS FOR THE SAFE USE AND DISPOSAL OF GREYWATER IN THE NON-SEWERED AREAS OF SOUTH AFRICA

Greywater has been identified as a key area of research in South Africa owing to the fact that service delivery in sub-economic areas largely consists of on-site dry sanitation with communal water points, where greywater has the potential to create a host of environmental and health problems. The main aim of this study has been to understand the use and disposal of greywater in the non-sewered areas of South Africa and this has included aspects such as quantifying the greywater problem and developing options for the management thereof, both in terms of reducing health and environmental risks as well as possibly providing benefits to the communities through controlled reuse. The determination of typical volumes of greywater generated per hectare for these settlements and the likely impact of changes in service levels with respect to water supply are calculated by using average water consumption data determined from on-site surveys and updated settlement data from Census 2001. A model...

Integrated Greywater Reuse System in Residential Buildings

2020

1-4UG Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, SAINTGITS College of Engineering, Kerala, India 5Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, SAINTGITS College of Engineering, Kerala, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract – In today’s world, water shortage is one of the major issues which necessitate greywater treatment options generated from domestic sources and need for conceptualizing a proper treatment technique to reduce cost. For our existence, water is essential source. Due to gigantic increase of population and rapid rising of industrialization the need for pure water is rising. Greywater have the potentiality to reduce the impact of scarcity circumstances. The benefit of regimented greywater management system is that it offers a tool for coping with water insufficiency. The presence of microorganisms, chemical contaminants and physical contaminants ...