Comparative analysis of Biodiesel and Petroleum Diesel (original) (raw)
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Review of Performance and Emission Analysis of Biodiesel Blends an Promising Alternative Fuel
Biodiesel is defined as the mono alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from renewable lipid sources. It is a term used to describe a methyl or ethyl ester made from vegetable oils, animal fats, and used cooking oils and fats. It is oxygenated, non-toxic, sulphur-free, biodegradable and renewable fuel. The scarcity and increase in the crude oil prices have forced everyone to think on the use of biodiesel as an alternative fuel source. Also, it is important that unlike the traditional fuels which emit greenhouse gases and particulate matter, the biodiesel is greener and hence less polluting. More than 350 oil-bearing crops identified, among which some only considered as potential alternative fuels for diesel engines. The focus of this study is to review the effect of using biodiesel blends on engine performance and exhaust emissions in a CI engine.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2014
https://www.ijert.org/biodiesel-production-and-effect-on-di-diesel-engine-combustion-performance-and-emissions-using-biodiesel-and-its-blends-a-review https://www.ijert.org/research/biodiesel-production-and-effect-on-di-diesel-engine-combustion-performance-and-emissions-using-biodiesel-and-its-blends-a-review-IJERTV1IS6083.pdf As the price of petroleum oil reaches a new high, the need of developing alternate fuels has become acute. Alternate fuels should be economically attractive in order to compete with currently used fossil fuels. Biodiesel, produce by the transesterification of vegetable oils or animal fats with simple alcohols and catalyst attracts more and more attention recently. Biodiesel is clean burning diesel alternative and has many attractive features including renewability, biodegradability, non toxicity and low emission. The aim of the present review is to study the biodiesel production from transesterification process, effect of reaction parameters on conversion of biodiesel yield and its combustion, performance and emission characteristics. It observes that the base catalysts are more effective than acid catalysts. Biodiesel is a notable alternative to the widely used petroleum-derived diesel fuel since it can be generated by domestic and non domestic sources such as soybeans, coconuts, rapeseeds, Jatropha, Karanja, rubber seed, Mahuaa, waste frying oil, etc. and thus these reduces dependence on diminishing petroleum fuel from foreign sources. The problems with substituting triglycerides for diesel fuels are mostly associated with their low volatilities, high viscosities and polyunsaturated character. The main purpose of the transesterification process is to lower the viscosity of the oil. Over a number of years, the work of exploring different biodiesel as an alternative to diesel fuel has been carried out worldwide. The performance of biodiesel is closed to petroleum diesel fuel. The brake power of biodiesel fuel is approximately equal to diesel, while the specific fuel consumption is higher than that of diesel. The combustion characteristic of biodiesel fuels is similar to petroleum diesel fuel and blends provide small ignition delay, higher ignition pressure, and higher ignition temperature and peak heat release. The emission from the biodiesel is comparatively less to diesel except NO x .
Asian Review of Mechanical Engineering, 2014
As a renewable, sustainable and alternative fuel for compression ignition engine, biodiesel instead of diesel has been increasingly fuelled to study its effects on engine performances and emissions in the recent 15 years. Biodiesel is an alternative to petroleum-based fuels derived from vegetable oils, animal fats, and used waste cooking oil including triglycerides. Bio-diesel production is a very modern and technological area for researchers due to the relevance that it is winning everyday because of the increase in the petroleum price and the environmental advantages. Trans esterification is the most common method and leads to monoalkyl esters of vegetable oils and fats, now called bio-diesel when used for fuel purposes. In spite of having some other applications, recently it is being considered as one of the most promising alternative fuels in internal combustion engine. Also on the other hand increasing stringent emission regulation will make the use diesel very difficult in the coming days. Regarding the health and environment there is an alternate of diesel called biodiesel. This review paper collects experimentally investigated records and results of engine performance & emission characteristics of compression engine with biodiesel and compared it with conventional diesel. From the review it is found that the use of biodiesel leads to the substantial reduction in PM, HC and CO emissions accompanying with the imperceptible power loss, the increase in fuel consumption and the increase in NOx emission on conventional diesel engine.
Effect of Biodiesel on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engines
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 2020
Biodiesel has become one of the main sources of renewable energy. Their positive impact on the environment has earned a lot of attention in past few decades. Biodiesel has several effects on emission and performance attributes of a CI engine. This paper deals with those effects of biodiesels derived from various sources like Jatropha, Mahua, Karanja, soybean, palm, waste cooking oil (WCO) and many other edible and nonedible oils. It has been noticed that excessive use of biodiesel will lead to food shortage and therefore blending of biodiesel with conventional diesel has been suggested by various researchers. In blending, biodiesel and petro-diesel is mixed in a proper ratio to give a mixture of diesel-biodiesel. It has been stated that, blending up to 20% has no effect on properties and is same as that of diesel and provides better results. The emissions like CO, UHC and PM, reduced and was significantly lesser than that of diesel but NOx emission was found to have much higher value when compared with diesel. When BSFC and BTE of diesel and biodiesel were compared, it was found that, BTE reduced but BSFC increased with blending. By considering all these factors and from this review, it can be said that biodiesel and its blend with diesel can be used in CI engine without any major tempering when blending is done up to a certain limit.
Performance and emission characteristics of biodiesel-blend in diesel engine: A review
Environmental Engineering Research
Many researchers delve for an alternative fuel to overcome the fossil fuel crisis. Developed countries have embarked focus on renewable energy like wind energy, geothermal, biofuel, ocean energy and solar energy. Biodiesel is considered to be one of the most felicitous one kinds of renewable energy with similar properties of diesel fuel. Biodiesel is gaining prominence due to the global fossil fuel crisis and emission control challenges. Biodiesel blends are formulated in numerous proportion with diesel to run the diesel engine and it has significantly reduced the harmful pollutants from contaminating the environment. This review paper summarizes the outcome of biodiesel blends on properties, performance and emission-quality of a diesel engine under different operating conditions. Results from the literature provide a comparative data between conventional diesel and diesel-biodiesel blend which indicates that the diesel-biodiesel blend provides shorter ignition delay and lesser heat...
Performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled with biodiesel blends
2016
Performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine were reviewed in this work. This study was conducted by revising works that were conceded out using biodiesel prepared from the raw oils of: palm, moringa, Jatropha and diesel fuel. In this review study we consider only 20% of each biodiesel (described as MB 20 , PB 20 , and JB 20 ) was tested in diesel engine, given that open literature indicates the possible use of biodiesel of up to 20% in a diesel engine without any engine modification. All biodiesel fuel samples reduce brake power (BP) and increase brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) than diesel. Diesel engine emission results indicated that blended fuel reduces the average carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HC) emissions except nitric oxides (NO x ) emissions than diesel fuel. B 20 blend of biodiesel is a suitable source for alternative fuel, with ecological welfares. Among the biodiesel blended fuel, Palm biodiesel showed better performance and minimum emission ...
An Overview on Production, Properties, Performance and Emission Analysis of Blends of Biodiesel
Procedia Technology, 2016
The steep rise of demand of petroleum based fuel is because of rapid and fast industrialization of automotive sector. There are limited reserves for petroleum based fuels. These limited reserves are located in the certain regions of the world. Therefore the countries those are not having the sufficient stock of petroleum based fuel, are facing the problems of increase cost of fuel which mainly due to the cost involved in the import of the petroleum based fuel. Hence it is required to find out and investigate the other resources of the alternative fuels, which can be produced from nearby and locally available sources such as Alcohol, Biodiesel, Vegetable oil etc. Methyl or ethyl esters of fatty acids produced from vegetable oil or an animal fat is called biodiesel. Non edible oil or animal fats are the main recourses for production of biodiesel such as Jatropha, Palm, Marine fish oil, Soybean, Cottonseed etc. Biodiesel blends are prepared in any proportion with diesel to use in a conventional diesel engine. By using biodiesel in an engine there is a significant reduction in the harmful pollutants in the environment. This paper reviews the production, properties, performance and emission analysis of different feedstock of blends of biodiesel and experimental work carried out in the various parts of the world.
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry, 2018
I NCREASE of environmental problems and depletion of fossil fuels are the driving forces to promote biodiesel as an alternative fuel in diesel engines. In the present work, biodiesel was prepared by transesterification of waste cooking oil with methanol, its physical and chemical properties were measured and found to be within acceptable limits of standard specifications of regular diesel fuel. Performance and emissions characteristics of a diesel engine running using biodiesel (B100) and its blends with kerosene were then assessed and compared to those using regular diesel (D100). Two biodiesel blends of biodiesel with kerosene have been used in this study containing 25 and 50% by volume kerosene as (K25) and (K50), respectively. The used engine was a direct injection four stroke, four cylinders diesel engine and was run at two engine speeds being 1250 rpm and 900 rpm. The results showed that the composition of the exhaust gases of the engine running at both speeds was better using biodiesel instead of regular diesel and it has been improved further by blending biodiesel with kerosene. With respect to the brake thermal efficiency, it was found that the use of biodiesel instead of regular diesel reduced the thermal efficiency at 1250 rpm while the reverse was true at a lower running speed of 900 rpm. However at both engine speeds, the thermal efficiency can be improved by blending biodiesel with kerosene.
2018
Alarmingly high rate of depletion of present energy sources and their non-renewable nature leads them non-lasting enough to meet the ever-increasing demand of energy. These energy sources like petroleum, coal, wind and nuclear energy are either concentrated in certain regions of the globe or technologically too sophisticated and not freely available. Further, petroleum and diesel have many environmental issues with them. The major pollutants emitted by their use are smoke, oxides of nitrogen (NOX), carbon mono oxide (CO), hydro carbons (HC) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are changing our climate rapidly, which is one of major threat poised in front of engineers, researchers, and by large every living being on the earth. In order to overcome the above threats a new source of energy is required to be found which is less polluting, renewable and can be made easily available on any place on the globe. One such alternative is “Biodiesel”. Many researchers have identified biodiesel derived from...
The Status of Biodiesel as an Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engine – An Overview
Growing concern regarding energy resources and the environment has increased interest in the study of alternative sources of energy. To meet increasing energy requirements, there has been growing interest in alternative fuels like biodiesel to provide a suitable diesel oil substitute for internal combustion engines. Biodiesels offer a very promising alternative to diesel oil since they are renewable and have similar properties. Biodiesel is defined as a transesterified renewable fuel derived from vegetable oils or animal fats with properties similar or better than diesel fuel. Extensive research and demonstration projects have shown it can be used pure or in blends with conventional diesel fuel in unmodified diesel engines. This paper reviews the history of biodiesel development and production practices. Fuel-related properties are reviewed and compared with those of conventional diesel fuel. The effect of use of biodiesel fuel on engine power, fuel consumption and thermal efficiency are collected and analyzed with that of conventional diesel fuel. In the subsequent section, the engine emissions from biodiesel and diesel fuels are compared, paying special attention to the most significant emissions such as nitric oxides and particulate matter.