The Relationship Between Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension And Calcium Levels (original) (raw)
Related papers
Relationship Of Calcium Levels To Hypertension In Pregnancy
Pregnancy-induced hypertension often progresses to pre-eclampsia as one of the biggest contributors to maternal mortality. Mineral and nutritional factors have an important role in the etiology of pregnancy-induced hypertension, especially pre-eclampsia. A mineral factor associated with hypertension is calcium. This study attempts to analyze the relationship between calcium levels and the occurance of pregnancy-induced hypertension. A crosssectional study design was used to measure or observe independent variables (calcium levels) and dependent variables (hypertension in pregnancy). The number of samples was 43 second-trimester pregnant women taken by consecutive sampling technique. This study used primary data by examining blood pressure and calcium levels contained in the blood serum of pregnant women. Univariate analysis results showed that 30% of pregnant women experienced pregnancy-induced hypertention, and 44% of pregnant women had insufficient calcium levels. The results of t...
Role of Serum Calcium Level in Pregnancy Induced Hypertension
2016
Reports have proposed an association between serum calcium level and preeclampsia. The Aims and objective was to measure the level of serum calcium level in antenatal women and to evaluate its role in pregnancy induced hypertension. The study was done for one year at Deptt of Obstetrics & Gynecology, GR Medical College, and Gwalior including 100 antenatal patients in their third trimester of pregnancy. All the included patients were divided into two groups: Cases (50 patients of pregnancy induced hypertension) and Control (50 normotensive patients). Serum calcium was estimated in the Department of Biochemistry and correlated to pregnancy induced hypertension. In Results the Mean serum calcium level in normotensive, mild PIH and severe PIH patients was 9.64±0.77 mg%, 9.18±0.83 mg% and 8.45±0.58 mg% respectively (p<0.05). There was a negative correlation of serum calcium level with mild and severe pregnancy induced hypertension (p<0.05). In Conclusion the Decreased level of seru...
Calcium intake and hypertension in pregnancy
Jurnal Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak, 2018
Hypertension in pregnancy is still one of the causes of maternal death in Indonesia. In 2016, the maternal mortality rate in Special Region of Yogyakarta had increased.The most cases of maternal mortality in Bantul Regency which is caused by a complication of hypertension in pregnancy (33%). Meanwhile, the majority of pregnant women in Indonesia have an average calcium intake that is classified as less, which is 649.9 mg/day. The aim of this study was to the correlation of calcium intake with hypertension in pregnancy in Bantul Public Health Center in 2018. The type of this study was analytical survey research with the cross-sectional design. The population of this study was pregnant women in the third trimester in Bantul Regency Public Health Center in 2018 with a sample size of 95. The sampling technique used consecutive sampling. The data analysis used the chisquare test. Calcium intake in pregnant women in Bantul Regency Public Health Center in 2018 was classified as inadequate at 90.5%. Pregnant women with less calcium intake who experienced hypertension in pregnancy were as much as 5.8%, while pregnant women with adequate calcium intake who experienced hypertension in pregnancy were as much as 11.1%. Based on the chi-square test known p-value = 0.639. There was no significant correlation between calcium intake with hypertension in pregnancy at Bantul Regency Public Health Center in 2018.
Calcium Supplementation For The Prevention Of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension/Preeclampsia
2022
Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and preeclampsia (PE) contribute significantly to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The role of calcium supplementation towards preventing PIH/PE however remains unclear. Objective: To assess the efficacy of calcium supplementation in prevention of PIH and PE. Materials and methods: An open label, randomized controlled trial conducted at the antenatal clinic of University of Abuja Teaching Hospital between July 2014 and June 2015. A total of 484 nulliparous women 16 weeks or less gestation and with normal blood pressures were randomly assigned to either receive 1200mg of calcium tablet daily (N=242) or not to receive calcium tablets (N=242) from 16weeks until delivery. Primary outcome measure was development of PIH or PE and secondary outcome measure was preterm birth. Results: The incidence of PIH was 7.7% among the intervention group compared to 13.7% in the control, p=0.039 and calcium supplementation reduced the risk of PIH (RR=0.56 (95% CI: 0.32-0.98)), but not PE. It also prolonged the duration of pregnancy in women who developed PIH (p=0.02). Incidence of preeclampsia was not significant, RR-0.56 (95% CI: 0.21-1.52) so also was the incidence of preterm delivery between the two groups (RR-0.65 (95% CI: 0.32-1.31)). No serious maternal side effects of treatment were recorded. Conclusion: Calcium supplementation during pregnancy reduced the risk of PIH and thus may have a role in the prevention of PIH amongst nulliparous women. Its role in the absolute prevention of PE was not demonstrated in this study.
Is there an association between calcium level and preeclampsia in pregnant women? A systemic review
2020
Background: Pregnancy-induced hypertension is a diagnosis used to describe a wide spectrum of patients who may have only mild elevations in blood pressure or severe hypertension with various organ dysfunctions. Preeclampsia is a form of pregnancy-induced hypertension which is defined as the new onset of hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation in a previously normotensive woman. Preeclampsia has been identified as the leading reason for maternal admission to the intensive care unit in the puerperal period. Trends of pregnancy-induced hypertension in low-and middle-income countries were increasing. The WHO recommend calcium supplementation as part of the antenatal care for the prevention of preeclampsia in pregnant women, particularly among those population where calcium intake low and at higher risk of developing hypertension. Methods: The data were searched electronically From Pub Med, Google Scholar, Cochrane database reviews and Google. Case-control, retrospective...
Calcium supplementation during pregnancy for preventing hypertensive disorders and related problems
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2000
BACKGROUND Calcium supplementation may prevent high blood pressure through a number of mechanisms and may help to prevent preterm labour. OBJECTIVES The objective of this review was to assess the effects of calcium supplementation during pregnancy on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and related maternal and child adverse outcomes. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group trials register and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register and we contacted study authors. Date of last search: February 2000. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised trials comparing at least one gram daily of calcium during pregnancy with placebo. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Eligibility and trial quality were assessed. Data extraction was carried out and double entered. MAIN RESULTS Ten studies were included, all of good quality. There was a modest reduction in high blood pressure with calcium supplementation (relative risk 0.81, 95% confidence interval 0.74 to 0.89). The effect was great...
MGM Journal of Medical Sciences, 2015
Background: Despite numerous studies, the etiology of pre eclampsia has not been fully elucidated. The study of serum calcium and serum magnesium is gaining ground in the patho physiology of hypertension. Objective: A comparative study of serum calcium and serum magnesium in women with preeclamptic pregnancy and its comparison with healthy normotensive nonpregnant women and healthy normotensive pregnant women in third trimester. Materials and methods: Serum calcium and serum magnesium were measured in 52 women with preeclampsia in their trimester of pregnancy as patients group, and in 73 healthy normotensive nonpregnant women and 65 healthy normotensive pregnant women as control groups with similar maternal and gestational ages. Preeclamptic group was further divided into two subgroups mild (n = 36) and severe preeclampsia (n = 16). This is the casecontrol hospital based study carried in the
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2022
Most low-and middle-income countries present suboptimal intakes of calcium during pregnancy and high rates of mortality due to maternal hypertensive disorders. Calcium supplementation during pregnancy is known to reduce the risk of these disorders and associated complications, including preeclampsia, maternal morbidity, and preterm birth, and is, therefore, a recommended intervention for pregnant women in populations with low dietary calcium intake (e.g., where ≥25% of individuals in the population have intakes less than 800 mg calcium/day). However, this intervention is not widely implemented in part due to cost and logistical issues related to the large dose and burdensome dosing schedule (three to four 500-mg doses/day). WHO recommends 1.5-2 g/day but limited evidence suggests that less than 1 g/day may be sufficient and ongoing trials with low-dose calcium supplementation (500 mg/day) may point a path toward simplifying supplementation regimens. Calcium carbonate is likely to be the most cost-effective choice, and it is not necessary to counsel women to take calcium supplements separately from iron-containing supplements. In populations at highest risk for preeclampsia, a combination of calcium supplementation and food-based approaches, such as food fortification with calcium, may be required to improve calcium intakes before pregnancy and in early gestation.
Urinary calcium and magnesium excretion relates to increase in blood pressure during pregnancy
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 2010
Objective Pregnancy-induced hypertension and preeclampsia are serious clinical manifestations during late pregnancy and the cause for increased maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis is unknown but experience from treatment schemes suggests that minerals may be of importance. Mineral homeostasis is influenced by acid-base conditions. The aim of the study was to elucidate the relation between acid-base balance, urinary mineral excretion and blood pressure during pregnancy. Design A prospective observational study of a general population. Materials and methods The study was performed at the Midwife Health Center in Borås, Sweden, where practically all pregnant subjects in the catchment area are registered. First time pregnant subjects (n = 123) were voluntarily recruited without exclusion criteria. A 24 h urine sample was collected at pregnancy week 12 and analyzed for creatinine, calcium, magnesium, and urea as a proxy for acid conditions. Blood pressure was recorded every 2-3 weeks until delivery. Results There was a relation between the excretion of urea and calcium and magnesium at week 12. A blood pressure increase was found after pregnancy week 30 but only among subjects who had a high excretion of calcium and magnesium at week 12. Conclusions If an increase in blood pressure during the later part of pregnancy a risk indicator for preeclampsia, the results suggest that an excessive secretion of calcium leading to a functional deficit might be a risk indicator for gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. Intervention experiments are required to assess this hypothesis.