Development, Linkage Mapping, and Use of Microsatellites in Bermudagrass (original) (raw)
Related papers
DNA Polymorphisms at Bermudagrass Microsatellite Loci and Their Use in Genotype Fingerprinting
Crop Science, 2011
The turf-type bermudagrasses include diploid Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt Davy, tetraploid C. dactylon (L.) Pers., and sterile triploid hybrids produced by crosses of these species. The objective of thiis study was to develop a set of mierosatellite markers that could distinguish among commercially important turf-type cultivars. A genomic library enriched for tfie [CA/GT]^ repeat motif was constructed from DNA of the Tifway' fiybrid and sequenced to identify mierosatellite regions. Twenty-five microsatellite-flanking primer sets were developed and used to genotype two plant introductions and 12 turf-type cultivars. These primer sets produced an average of 10 amplicons across tfie 14 DNA templates. Sequences of selected amplicons revealed polymorphism resulting from expansion and/or contraction of the microsatellite and from indel mutations in the microsatellite flanking regions. As few as two primer sets were sufficient to differentiate all unrelated introduction lines and cultivars. Tfie primer sets failed to distinguish among closely related cultivars developed by selection of natural variants, but one primer set uniquely distinguished the cultivar TifEagle from its irradiated parent cultivar. Tfiese genomic microsatellites were not derived from gene coding sequences and will supplement tfie existing expressed sequence tag (EST)-based bermudagrass microsatellites. Tfiey will be most useful for evaluating tfie genetic diversity of Cynodon accessions and distinguishing among cultivars that exploit thils diversity.
Assessment of Genetic Diversity of Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) Using ISSR Markers
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) is a major turfgrass for home lawns, public parks, golf courses and sport fields and is known to have originated in the Middle East. Morphological and physiological characteristics are not sufficient to differentiate some bermudagrass genotypes because the differences between them are often subtle and subjected to environmental influences. In this study, twenty seven bermudagrass accessions and introductions, mostly from different parts of Iran, were assayed by inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers to differentiate and explore their genetic relationships. Fourteen ISSR primers amplified 389 fragments of which 313 (80.5%) were polymorphic. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.328, which shows that the majority of primers are informative. Cluster analysis using the un-weighted paired group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) method and Jaccard's similarity coefficient (r = 0.828) grouped the accessions into six main clusters...
2011
Abstract: Bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) is a major turfgrass for home lawns, public parks, golf courses and sport fields and is known to have originated in the Middle East. Morphological and physiological characteristics are not sufficient to differentiate some bermudagrass genotypes because the differences between them are often subtle and subjected to environmental influences. In this study, twenty seven bermudagrass accessions and introductions, mostly from different parts of Iran, were assayed by inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers to differentiate and explore their genetic relationships. Fourteen ISSR primers amplified 389 fragments of which 313 (80.5%) were polymorphic. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.328, which shows that the majority of primers are informative. Cluster analysis using the un-weighted paired group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) method and Jaccard’s similarity coefficient (r = 0.828) grouped the accessions into six main cl...
Genetic Divergence of Bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) Population Using ISSR Markers
Bermudagrass is a widely distributed turf grasses use in Malaysia. Nevertheless, the genetic variation on molecular level of bermudagrass was insufficient. In this study, a sum of 15 cultivars were collected from different accessions in Malaysia and being analyzed using Inter-simple Sequence Repeat Markers (ISSR). A total of 172 fragments were generated from 15 selected ISSR primers. There are 164 polymorphic bands with 95.3% of polymorphism. Fragment size ranged from 120 to 1867bp. The cultivars were clustered into 5 major groups at coefficient level of 0.5 through arithmetic average (UPGMA) cluster analysis of Jaccard's similarity coefficient. The genetic similarity coefficient was range from 0.25 to 0.61 with an average of 0.43. Satiri and Melaka cultivars were clustered separately from their own hybrid and common clusters, respectively. These findings indicated that ISSR marker is an effective molecular method use to study genetic variation of bermudagrass and could be used for varietal development program. [Shyan YS, Shukor AS, Rafii MY, Shabanimofrad M, Alam MA, Uddin MK, Hakim MA. Genetic Divergence of Bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) Population Using ISSR Markers. Life Sci J 2014;11(6):425-430]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 60
Evaluation of bermudagrass [Cynodon (L.) Rich] accessions with different ploidy levels
2021
Eastern Mediterranean is considered as a center of diversity of Cynodon spp. (Bermudagrass). Phylogenetic analysis from diploids to hexaploids can help our understanding underlying mechanism of polyploidization. Inter-primer binding site (iPBS) markers amplify highly polymorphic long terminal repeat retrotransposons. The objectives were to (1) investigate associations between ploidy level and genetic diversity based on iPBS markers and (2) correlate between similarity matrices of iPBS retrotransposon marker and four nuclear molecular marker systems for Cynodon accessions' genetic analyses. The samples included 40 bermudagrass genotypes with ploidy series ranging from diploids to hexaploids. The iPBS fragments were highly similar to the retrotransposons according to the BLAST search. The simple matching-based UPGMA analysis clustered the 44 genotypes into two subclusters with a mean similarity value of 0.57 but failed to produce a clear ploidy-based grouping. The similarity matrix of iPBS markers poorly associated (r < 0.35) with those of the four other nuclear marker systems. However, iPBS markers resulted in a higher discrimination power and PIC (0.78). Although disomic inheritance of simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers strongly indicated segmental allo-tetraploidy in previous studies, the iPBS-based phylogeny hinted that bermudagrass may have independently followed both auto-and allo-polyploidization, involving C. transvaalensis and C. dactylon.
G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics
Bermudagrass (Cynodon (L.)) is the most important warm-season grass grown for forage or turf. It shows extensive variation in morphological characteristics and growth attributes, but the genetic basis of this variation is little understood. Detection and tagging of quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting above-ground morphology with diagnostic DNA markers would provide a foundation for genetic and molecular breeding applications in bermudagrass. Here, we report early findings regarding genetic architecture of foliage (canopy height, HT), stolon (stolon internode length, ILEN and length of the longest stolon LLS), and leaf traits (leaf blade length, LLEN and leaf blade width, LW) in 110 F 1 individuals derived from a cross between Cynodon dactylon (T89) and C. transvaalensis (T574). Separate and joint environment analyses were performed on trait data collected across two to five environments (locations, and/or years, or time), finding significant differences (P , 0.001) among the hybrid progeny for all traits. Analysis of marker-trait associations detected 74 QTL and 135 epistatic interactions. Composite interval mapping (CIM) and mixed-model CIM (MCIM) identified 32 main effect QTL (M-QTL) and 13 interacting QTL (int-QTL). Colocalization of QTL for plant morphology partially explained significant correlations among traits. M-QTL qILEN-3-2 (for ILEN; R 2 = 11-19%), qLLS-7-1 (for LLS; R 2 = 13-27%), qLEN-1-1 (for LLEN; R 2 = 10-11%), and qLW-3-2 (for LW; R 2 = 10-12%) were 'stable' across multiple environments, representing candidates for fine mapping and applied breeding applications. QTL correspondence between bermudagrass and divergent grass lineages suggests opportunities to accelerate progress by predictive breeding of bermudagrass. KEYWORDS Bermudagrass morphology Quantitative trait locus QTL correspondence QTL Cartographer QTLNetwork Bermudagrass represents several resilient perennial species of the genus Cynodon (L.), which typically colonize tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions (Harlan and De Wet 1969). The United States (US) National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) records eight extant species and ten varieties of the genus, following revised taxonomic classification by Harlan (1970). Common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.], the most widespread species of the genus, was introduced into the US in the mid-1700s, and has become the most prominent pasture grass of the southern states (Harlan 1970; Wu 2011). It exhibits a wide range of variation for plant characteristics, excellent adaptation and increased biomass in the warmer climates, traffic (wear) tolerance, aggressive growth and recuperative capacity, low input requirements,
Ploidy Level and Genetic Parameters for Phenotypic Traits in Bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) Germplasm
Agronomy
Bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) is a forage and turf crop commonly used worldwide. The USDA bermudagrass germplasm set is composed of plant introductions (PI’s) collected around the world and contains different Cynodon species, primarily C. dactylon. The collection was screened in a replicated trial in Florida for forage yield, leaf width, nutritive value (NV), and Bermudagrass Stem Maggot (Atherigona reversura) (BSM), which is an invasive pest to the southeastern United States that damages bermudagrass fields. The goal of this research was to determine ploidy level and genome size in this USDA collection, and evaluate the influence of ploidy level in the estimation of genetic parameters for BSM, leaf width, dry matter yield, and NV traits. For chromosome counts using classical cytogenetics techniques, root tips and meristems were collected from a set of PI’s with known ploidy. The PI’s and cultivars with known chromosome counts were used as internal standards to run flow cytometry and ...