Study of post caesarean section wound infection and microbiological epidemiology in tertiary care centre, Western Rajasthan, India (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies
Surgical site infection (SSI) is the third most common nosocomial infection. According to CDC’s National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance system 38% of all nosocomial infections in surgical patients are surgical site infections (SSI).1 They have been responsible for the increasing cost, morbidity and mortality related to surgical operations .Even in hospitals, with modern facilities and following standard protocols of pre operative preparation and antibiotic prophylaxis, SSI continues to be a major problem
Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 2022
Surgical site infection (SSI) was the predominant complication following cesarean delivery. Risk factors like increased Body Mass Index (BMI), emergency cesarean section (CS), prolonged hospital stay, previous CS, anemia, pre-existing chronic diseases, and failure to use preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis associated with SSI. Surgical site infections are responsible for cost burden, longer hospital stay increased maternal morbidity and mortality. Despite the advance, aseptic measures & control practice SSI was the most common nosocomial infection. To determine the prevalence, risk factors, bacterial profile, and antimicrobial resistance pattern of SSI in women following Cesarean section at tertiary care center western India. Women who developed SSI underwent cesarean delivery enrolled in the present study. Data were collected from patient records. Collection of swab samples, identification of microorganisms, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by standard CLSI guideli...
International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2021
Background: It is one of the most common surgery practiced in present era in obstetric population it has led to rise in postoperative morbidity in the form of surgical site infection (SSI). It not only burdens the health system but it also puts a serious negative impact on patient’s life. The present study is aimed to determine the incidence, risk factors and the microbiological and antibiotic sensitivity pattern for SSI following caesarean section in our institute.Methods: The study is prospective, descriptive study carried out in department of obstetrics and gynecology of Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru medical college, Raipur between May 2019 and April 2020.Results: Out of the 1215 participants who underwent caesarean section, 251 patients had SSI, with incidence of 20.6% among them superficial SSI (n=154) was 61.3% while deep SSI (n=75) 29.8% and 8.7% (n=22) organ/space SSI. Gram positive organism was highest isolated from superficial SSI 66.2% while from deep SSI and organ/space SSI gram ...
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Journal, 2022
Objectives: To objectives of the study were to study 1) the incidence and maternal determinants (host related) risk factors on post cesarean surgical site infection (SSI) and 2) the influence of labor related and procedure related risk factors on post cesarean SSI. Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KMCT Medical College, Kozhikode from April 1 to August 31 2021 after clearance from ethical committee in which 153 cases of SSI post cesarean were included in the study. Results: Educational status of patients had statistically significant association with the development of SSI incidence of SSI (44.4%) and is highest among overweight women. Patients with diabetes and hypertension had increased risk of developing SSI. 72.2% with SSI had duration of ruptured membrane for >8 h and duration of rupture of membrane were significantly associated with development of wound infection. Significant linear association was found between number of prior cesarean and risk of development of SSI (p=0.019). Cesarean with mean operative time >45 min had statistically significant risk of developing SSI. Intraoperative complication like adhesions was a predictor of SSI (p=0.001) Conclusions: Medical morbidities and increased body mass index being predictors along with prolonged operative time can be properly identified and awareness ensured to prevent and identify post cesarean SSI.
Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2019
Background: Post caesarean section (CS) wound infection or surgical site infection is a leading cause of prolonged hospital stay or readmission. An understanding of its risk factors is important. Methods: A case control study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital, in Dhaka, Bangladesh from January to June 2014 to evaluate the risk factors of postoperative surgical site infection following CS. One hundred patients were studied. Results: Fifty patients of post CS wound infection (surgical site infection: SSI) were selected as cases. Body mass index > 25 (kg/m 2), anemia (p = 0.001), prolonged rupture of membrane (p = 0.005), prolonged operation time (p = 0.019), and junior surgeons performing the operation (p = 0.011) were the risk factors for CS-SSI. Conclusions: Pre-and postoperative care and surgical training of junior doctors should be directed to these risk factors.
Surgical Site Infection Following Caesarean Section in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare, 2020
BACKGROUND Surgical site infection (SSI) is an infection that occurs after surgery within 30 days in the part of the body where the surgery took place. Some of the common symptoms are: drainage of cloudy fluid from the surgical wound, pain or tenderness, localized swelling, redness, and raised body temperature. Lack of data on surgical site infection among women who underwent caesarean section (C/S) initiated us to determine the incidence of surgical site infection and evaluate various risk factor associated with it. METHODS This is a retrospective randomized case control conducted among patients undergoing LSCS (for various indications) from post-operative ward of GMCH between 1/7/2018 and 30/6/2019. Out of all surgical site infection cases, 370 cases were selected randomly. For every case of surgical site infection, another patient who did not develop surgical site infection under same circumstances was selected as control from the same ward and data was collected. RESULTS The incidence of SSI is 7.74% in Guwahati Medical College. Study shows high PROM, number of PV examination, prolong labour, increased surgical time, increase BMI are risk factors for wound complications. CONCLUSIONS PROM, high BMI, increased duration of surgery, prolonged labour are the independent risk factors for surgical site infection.
https://www.ijrrjournal.com/IJRR\_Vol.9\_Issue.6\_June2022/IJRR-Abstract02.html, 2022
Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) after C-section is one of the major concerns of health care providers because it not only increases the overall hospital cost, length of patients' hospital stay but it largely contributes to the mortality and associated morbidity. In this present study, we aimed to expose the associated risk factors of SSI. Materials and methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MMC Kathua, w.e.f September 2019 to August 2020. A total of 394 women patients were included in the study on the basis of laid down inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study was under taken after approval by the institutional Ethical committee. Results: The incidence of surgical site infection was observed as (11.4%) and average age of studied patients was (31.6±9.38) with most of the patients, accounting for 86.5% were falling in the age interval of (25-35) years followed by 10.7% patients ageing less than 25 years We found that surgical site infection was significantly associated with type of surgery, type of incision and type of suturing. Conclusion: The present study revealed that surgical site infection is significantly associated with emergency surgery, vertical skin type incision and interrupted suturing. We recommend regular screening and implementation of health education programs to impart knowledge of associated risk factors of SSI that will eventually help the patients to attain optimal health benefits.
Post Caesarean Wound Infection in a Tertiary Level Hospital in Rajasthan
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2020
BACKGROUND Caesarean section is one of the major obstetric surgeries performed to save the lives of mothers and foetuses. Caesarean section like any other surgical intervention may be accompanied by a number of complications, such as surgical site infections (SSI). We wanted to determine the incidence of wound sepsis following caesarean section, factors that contribute to wound sepsis, types of pathogens causing wound sepsis, and the impact of wound sepsis on the duration of hospital stay. METHODS In this prospective study of 450 candidates. Each candidate has been examined thoroughly after taking a detailed history and were followed after caesarean section to look for any wound infection, along with the cause and factors responsible for that. Patients were evaluated for stitch line sepsis, culture and sensitivity in cases of sepsis and increase in duration of hospital stay recorded. Microsoft excel worksheet has been used for data entry and appropriate tests were applied to find significant association. P value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS Post caesarean wound infection was found in 6.8 % of patients. It was found to be more in the age group 31-35 yrs., more in illiterates, in primiparas, and who had less than 4 ANC visits, was more in hypertensives, and whose Hb was less than 11, in those who were in labour, or in those who had more than 3 vaginal examinations, and in those who had ruptured membranes and with meconium stained liquor. More cases were seen with emergency caesarean section. CONCLUSIONS Factors which were statistically significant were patient in labour, increased number of vaginal examinations, ruptured membranes, meconium stained liquor, and emergency caesarean section. Infections can be reduced by thorough precautions, proper antibiotics, and elective caesarean section.
Caesarian section rate is increasing in both developed and developing countries. In Caesarian Section, surgical site infection is the most common postoperative complications with reported rates of 15%. Surgical site infection following Caesarian Section is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in women and it is increasing worldwide, in Saudi Arabia, 19.5% of the Surgical Site Infection is accounted to Caesarian Section. Many risk factors are associated with Surgical Site Infection following Caesarian Section such as type of Caesarian Section (elective or emergency), maternal age, gestational age, pregnancy complications and others. However, there is insufficient studies about the incidence of Surgical Site Infection following Caesarian Section and the associated risk factors in women who delivered by Caesarian Section. Therefore, the aim of literature review is reviewing the latest studies that investigate incidence of Surgical Site Infection following Caesarian Section and its related risk factors. Narrative review has been conducted using four search engines PubMed, CINAHL, EBSCO, and MEDLINE full text, English language from 2015 to 2020. 11 articles met the review criteria regarding the incidence of Surgical Site Infection and its associated risk factors representing 37,539 women from different countries developed and developing. This review of surgical site infections following cesarean section in different countries around the world found a surgical site-infection rate up to 38.4 % and majority of them associated to obesity, gestational age and undergoing emergency Caesarian Section.
International journal of reproductive medicine, 2022
Background. Cesarean section (CS) is one of the most performed surgeries in obstetrics. Surgical site infection is the major cause of morbidity and mortality causing an increase in the duration of hospitalization as well as the cost of admission for the patient. Objective. To determine incidence of surgical site infection following cesarean section, classify them according to CDC criteria, and identify the different risk factors. Methodology.