The effect of a shoulder injury prevention programme on proprioception and dynamic stability of young volleyball players; a randomized controlled trial (original) (raw)
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Scientific Reports, 2023
This study aimed to compare the effects of 8 weeks 11 + warm-up injury prevention program on kinematics and proprioception in adolescent male and female soccer players. Forty adolescent soccer players (20 males, 20 females) aged between 14-16 years old were randomly assigned into four groups. The experimental group performed the 11 + program for 8 weeks and the control group did their warm-up program. The kinematic variable in a cutting maneuver was measured using VICON motion analysis and ankle and knees' proprioception by joint position sense (JPS) was measured using a digital inclinometer. For kinematic variables only significant differences in knee valgus among females 11 + compared with female and male control groups were found (P < 0.05). Moreover, there were significant improvements in joint position sense variables in 11 + groups compared to control groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the 11 + program was proven to be a useful warm-up protocol in improving knee valgus and JPS among female and male adolescent soccer players. We suggest adding more training elements to the 11 + program that aimed to enhance the proper alignment of lower extremities which may consequently improve joint kinematics. Soccer with high demands for dynamic movement, agility, and endurance may exert more loads or forces on the lower extremities joint, which in turn, may raise the frequency of injury 1. The incidence of injury in soccer is estimated to be high and approximately 1.3 injuries per player per season, with most injuries in the lower extremity (87%) and resulting from noncontact mechanisms (58%) 2. Specifically, less injury incidence has been associated with superior performance (such as more games won, and more goals scored), players staying on the field instead of off the field, and less injury care cost 3. Among the lower extremities injuries risk factors two of the determinant modifiable are the kinematic factors and proprioception. It is has been showed that a less hip flexion angle, smaller amount of knee-flexion joint angle (within 10-30°) 4,5 , and the increased valgus angle at the knee during maneuvers such as jumping-landing or cutting enhance joint loading and injury risks 6. Furthermore, it a declared that maximum anterior shear force of quadriceps muscles exert when knee-flexion joint angles are within 10 to 30°7. In compare to more flexed landing posture, an erect landing posture and small knee and hip flexion angles resultant in higher ground reaction forces (GRF) than a, which finally could lead to a knee injury 8,9. Joint position sense refers to the accuracy of position replication in different segments, which is an individual's ability to put their joint angle in a predetermined angle and this is an important for developing functional stability in playing soccer. The central nervous system provides joint position sense from afferent information arising from proprioceptors positioned in the capsules, ligaments, and muscle spindles and use this information for establishing joint stability, postural control, and motor control 9. Two important predictor risk factors of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injury are kinematic and joint position sense. Hence, to developing good prevention strategy plan for lower extremities injuries such as ACL
Physical Treatments: Specific Physical Therapy Journal (PTJ), 2024
This study investigates the relationship between the scores of upper extremity functional tests with isokinetic strength, range of motion, shoulder proprioception, and posture of male volleyball players. Methods: A total of 30 male university volleyball players aged 18 to 24 years were selected by the convenience sampling method. The concentric strength of the internal and external rotators, abductors, flexors, adductors, and extensors of the shoulder was measured at speeds of 180 and 300 degrees per s using an isokinetic dynamometer. Shoulder proprioception was also assessed at 45 and 90 degrees using an isokinetic device. Also, the range of motion of flexion, extension, abduction, and internal and external rotation at 90 degrees of abduction was measured using a universal goniometer. The forward head and shoulder angles were also assessed by photography and using the AutoCAD software. Finally, upper extremity function was assessed using a Y-balance device. Results: The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between variables at a significance level of P<0.05 using the SPSS software, version 20. The results of the Pearson correlation test showed a positive and significant relationship between the isometric strength variables at torques of 180 and 300 (degrees/s) for flexion and extension, abduction and adduction, internal and external rotation (P>0.05), and between the proprioception variables at 45 and 90 degrees of shoulder abduction (P>0.05), and between the range of motion variables for shoulder flexion, shoulder extension, shoulder abduction, shoulder internal rotation, and shoulder external rotation (P>0.05) with the upper extremity functional test. Also, a negative and significant relationship was observed between the forward head angle (P>0.05) and shoulder forward angle (P>0.05) with the upper extremity functional test. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, there is a significant relationship between the scores of upper extremity functional tests with isokinetic strength, proprioception, and range of motion of the shoulder joint, as well as the posture of volleyball athletes. Coaches and specialists can focus on improving these variables to improve shoulder function and prevent injury in volleyball athletes.
International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 2022
This study aimed to find the effects of proprioception training for improving ankle and trunk joint position senses, balance ability, agility and power, and thereby to lay the theoretical ground of proprioceptive training for preventing volleyball players’ injuries and improving their athletic performance. As the subjects of this study, 30 male players in Korea Volleyball Federation (KOVO), who had the career as volleyball players, were selected. The active motion mode of the Humac NORM (CSMI, U.S.A.), the isokinetic testing equipment to measure ankle joint and trunk position sense accurately, was used to measure inversion, eversion, plantar flexion, dorsi flexion and trunk flexion joint position. For balance ability, static and dynamic balance ability evaluated. One leg standing with closed eyes test was used to measure static balance, and dynamic balance was measured using Y-balance. Agility was measured using a side step and a 20m dash. In the measurement of the joint position senses, with right ankle inversion 15°, left & right ankle dorsi flexion 10°, and left ankle plantar flexion and trunk flexion 15°, interaction effects were found (p<.01, p<.05). Plantar flexion of the right ankle had the interaction effect (p<.01). In the standing on one foot test to measure static and dynamic balance, the interaction effect was observed (p<.01). Right anterior, right posteromedial, left posteromedial, right composite score, and left composite score had the interaction effect (p<.01, p<.05). Right posteromedial and left posteromedial showed the interaction effect (p<.01, p<.05). The side-step test to measure agility also observed the interaction effect (p<.01). 20M dash also showed the interaction effect (p<.01). This study found that the proprioceptive training program affected improvements in volleyball players’ ankle and trunk joint position senses, balance, and agility.
2021
Background: Assessment of shoulder proprioception outside the laboratory in the absence of specialized equipment remains a challenge with field-based tests often lacking good reliability, validity and feasibility. This study aimed to enhance the knowledge base surrounding the assessment of shoulder proprioception and investigated the effect of fatigue on shoulder joint position sense (JPS) amongst amateur male handball players.Method: 27 healthy recreationally active participants and 13 amateur male handball players undertook two sessions of active JPS tests using laser pen technology and a calibrated 2-dimensional target to assess test-retest reliability. The active JPS test was then utilized on the subgroup of handball players who were subjected to five bouts of a repeated throwing task in order to investigate the effect of local fatigue on shoulder JPS. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficient for the active JPS test was 0.78 (95% CI = [0.57; 0.89]). Standard error of meas...
Single limb stance instability is a risk factor for lower extremity injuries. Therefore, the development of proprioception may play an important role in injury prevention. The present investigation considered a professional basketball team for six years, integrating systematic proprioceptive activity in the training routine. The purpose was to assess the effectiveness of proprioceptive training programs based on quantifiable instability, to reduce ankle sprains, knee sprains, and low back pain through developing refined and long-lasting proprioceptive control. Fifty-five subjects were studied. In the first biennium (2004-2006), the preventive program consisted of classic proprioceptive exercises. In the second biennium (2006-2008), the proprioceptive training became quantifiable and interactive by means of electronic proprioceptive stations. In the third biennium (2008-2010), the intensity and the training volume increased while the session duration became shorter. ANOVA was used to analyze the differences in proprioceptive control between groups, years, and bienniums. Injury rates and rate ratios of injury during practices and games were estimated. The results showed a statistically significant reduction in the occurrence of ankle sprains by 81% from the first to the third biennium (p<0.001). Low back pain showed similar results with a reduction of 77.8% (p<0.005). The reduction in knee sprains was 64.5% (not significant). Comparing the third biennium to the level of all new entry players, proprioceptive control improved significantly by 72.2% (p<0.001). These findings indicate that improvements in proprioceptive control in single stance may be a key factor for an effective reduction in ankle sprains, knee sprains, and low back pain.
Journal of physical therapy science, 2015
Purpose] The main purpose of our study was the evaluation of the effects of long-term volleyball practice on knee joint proprioception and balance of young female athletes. [Subjects and Methods] An observational case-control study was performed. The study enrolled 19 female volleyball players in the experimental group and 19 sedentary counterparts as controls. A Biodex balance system and dynamometer were used for the evaluations. The paired t-test was used to determine the significance of differences between the performance of athletes and controls.
Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 2020
BackgroundShoulder problems are common in handball, but injury risk reduction is possible by implementing a prevention program. However, player compliance to the program remains a challenge, with feedback from players that the program is too time consuming.AimTo develop a more efficient program, we aimed to assess the effect of the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center shoulder injury prevention program on external rotation (ER) strength and internal rotation (IR) range of motion (ROM), considered to represent key risk factors for injury.MethodsFour youth handball teams (three females, one males, 57 players, mean age 17.1 years) were randomized to an intervention or control group. The intervention program was conducted three times per week as a part of handball warm‐up for 18 weeks, supervised by physical therapists. The main outcome variables were the between‐group differences in ER strength and IR ROM change from baseline to postintervention. Isometric ER strength was measured with a...
Proprioceptive training and injury prevention in a professional men’s basketball team
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2016
training and injury prevention in a professional men's basketball team: A six-year prospective study. J Strength Cond Res 30(2): 461-475, 2016-Single limb stance instability is a risk factor for lower extremity injuries. Therefore, the development of proprioception may play an important role in injury prevention. This investigation considered a professional basketball team for 6 years, integrating systematic proprioceptive activity in the training routine. The purpose was to assess the effectiveness of proprioceptive training programs based on quantifiable instability, to reduce ankle sprains, knee sprains, and low back pain through developing refined and long-lasting proprioceptive control. Fifty-five subjects were studied. In the first biennium (2004-2006), the preventive program consisted of classic proprioceptive exercises. In the second biennium (2006-2008), the proprioceptive training became quantifiable and interactive by means of electronic proprioceptive stations. In the third biennium (2008-2010), the intensity and the training volume increased while the session duration became shorter. Analysis of variance was used to analyze the differences in proprioceptive control between groups, years, and bienniums. Injury rates and rate ratios of injury during practices and games were estimated. The results showed a statistically significant reduction in the occurrence of ankle sprains by 81% from the first to the third biennium (p , 0.001). Low back pain showed similar results with a reduction of 77.8% (p , 0.005). The reduction in knee sprains was 64.5% (not significant). Comparing the third biennium with the level of all new entry players, proprioceptive control improved significantly by 72.2% (p , 0.001). These findings indicate that improvements in proprioceptive control in single stance may be a key factor for an effective reduction in ankle sprains, knee sprains, and low back pain.
Scientific Reports
We aimed to investigate whether composite Functional Movement Screen (FMS) test scores can predict musculoskeletal injuries (MSI) in youth volleyball players. 131 national young volleyball players (Males: n = 100, age = 16.5 years, height = 1.787 m, mass = 68.32 kg; Females: n = 31, age = 13.83 years, height = 1.684 m, mass = 65.12 kg) participated in this prospective cohort study. The FMS screen was performed before starting the season. MSI and exposure data were collected during the season via each team’s certified athletic trainer. The mean FMS score and standard deviation for all volleyball players was 15.85 ± 3.31. A score of ≤ 14 was positive to predict MSI with specificity of 0.60 and sensitivity of 0.93. The odds ratio for (≤ 14/˃14) was 0.048. The relative risk for being injured was 3.46. Positive likelihood ratio was 2.34, and negative likelihood ratio was 0.11. The findings of this study demonstrated that an FMS score of ≤ 14 is an identifiable risk factor for injury in y...