Histochemical changes of carbohydrate and protein contents in the digestive gland cells of the land snail Monacha cartusiana following starvation (original) (raw)
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Physiological and Histochemical Studies on the Land Snail, Monacha Cartusiana in Sharkia Governorate
Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research, 2013
Physiological and histochemical studies were conducted on Monacha cartusiana snail, in order to determine some physiological and histochemical aspects during active and aestivation periods. Results of these studies showed reduction of the percentage of glucose in aestivation periods compared with the period of activity, where the concentration of glucose in the activity revealed 52.63 mg / dL, compared with an average concentration in aestivation, reaching 16.16 mg / dL. Regarding the concentration of protein, it observed a decrease in aestivation period compared with activity period, where it reached 3.39 g / dL in the activity period compared with 1.9 g / dL in aestivation. In case of urea the opposite results were recorded, where the urea concentration in the period of activity was 5.97 mg / dL compared with 7.89 mg / dL in aestivation. The results of histochemical studies indicated the presence of large amounts of carbohydrates in the cells of the digestive gland as well as in the cells of foot in the previous of aestivation. Moreover the study showed that the snail consumed large amounts of carbohydrates during aestivation period.
Journal of Experimental Zoology, 2004
In the present study, the glucose concentration in the haemolymph and glycogen levels were determined in the various body parts of the Helix aspersa snail after feeding lettuce ad libitum and after various periods of starvation. To characterize the effect of starvation on nucleotidase activity, enzyme assays were performed on membranes of the nervous ganglia and digestive gland. Results demonstrated the maintenance of the haemolymph glucose concentration for up to 30 days of starvation, probably due to the consumption of glycogen from the mantle. In the nervous ganglia, depletion of glycogen occurs progressively during the different periods of starvation. No significant changes were observed on ATP and ADP hydrolysis in the membranes of nervous ganglia and no alterations in Ca2+- ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase occurred in the membranes of the digestive gland of H. aspersa during the different periods of starvation. Although there were no changes in the enzyme activities during starvation, they could be modulated by effectors in situ with concomitant changes in products/reactants during starvation. J. Exp. Zool. 301A:891–897, 2004. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Zeitschrift f�r Parasitenkunde Parasitology Research, 1980
In the snail, Achatina fulica, parasitized by the rat lungworm Angiostrongylus cantonensis, levels of carbohydrate in hemolymph and digestive glands were determined. The normal level of hemolymph glucose of 11.7 mg% dropped to 4.25 mg% in the infected snails, a significant difference after only one week of infection. The level of total reducing sugar in the hemolymph also decreased significantly (12.3 rag% to 3.6 rag%) in this period. Later on, the snails were capable of adapting themselves to the parasitic infection and the concentration of hemolymph sugars returned to the normal range. Starvation caused a decrease in the carbohydrate reserves of the digestive gland only when the starved snails had been previously infected.
2004
In the present study, the glucose concentration in the haemolymph and glycogen levels were determined in the various body parts of the Helix aspersa snail after feeding lettuce ad libitum and after various periods of starvation. To characterize the effect of starvation on nucleotidase activity, enzyme assays were performed on membranes of the nervous ganglia and digestive gland. Results demonstrated the maintenance of the haemolymph glucose concentration for up to 30 days of starvation, probably due to the consumption of glycogen from the mantle. In the nervous ganglia, depletion of glycogen occurs progressively during the different periods of starvation. No significant changes were observed on ATP and ADP hydrolysis in the membranes of nervous ganglia and no alterations in Ca 2+ -ATPase and Mg 2+ -ATPase occurred in the membranes of the digestive gland of H. aspersa during the different periods of starvation. Although there were no changes in the enzyme activities during starvation, they could be modulated by effectors in situ with concomitant changes in products/reactants during starvation. J. Exp. Zool.
2021
This study investigated the morphological characteristics, and chemical composition of Archachatina marginata (African Giant Land Snail) reared on Quail droppings meal (QDM.) substituted for protein sources in snail feed. Five trial snail feeds (Diet I-V) were fed to fifty snails (average weight 157.3 g) for 12 weeks. The morphological characteristics of the snail and its flesh and haemolymph chemical composition were determined using standard methods. There was an appreciable increase in the growth parameters (weight, shell width and shell length) across the treatment groups. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) ranges from 2.74 to 3.75, and snails served Diet I gave the highest FCR. The result of the proximate analysis revealed that snail flesh possessed a higher amount of protein, fat, ash, fibre and energy except carbohydrate than hemolymph. Increasing QDM in the diets increased the proximate contents of the snail's flesh and hemolymph, except fat and fibre. The minerals found in all the treatments are not toxic, and snails fed diet V possessed the highest mineral contents (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and phosphorus). The result showed that diet V resulted in the best morphological parameters and feed utilisation of A. marginata snail. Substituting protein sources with QDM in snail feed improved the nutritional quality of snails, reducing the cost of the compounded ration.
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry, 1975
Schistosorae infection of the snails Biomphalaria alexandrina and Bulinus truncatus affected their citric acid cycle pathways; especially those concerned with succinic and cytochrome oxidases. 2. The rate of gluconeogenesis was decreased in schistosome-infected snails to 62 per cent for Bulinus truncatus and to 45 per cent for Biomphalaria alexandrina. 3. Lactic acid production was increased in schistosome-infected snails to 52 and 73 per cent that of uninfected B. alexandrina and B. truncatus respectively. 4. Schistosome infection caused a marked decrease in the glycogen content of the tissues of both snail species. 5. The effect of schistosome infection on the intermediary metabolism of both snails is discussed.
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP), 2018
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different protein levels in diet on the growth and survival rate of black apple snail (Pila polita) in grow-out period. There were 3 replicates in each treatment and snails were fed with protein levels at 15% (P15); 20 (P20); 25 (P25); 30 (P30); 35 (P35). Two month old juveniles with initial body weight, shell height and shell width of (2.52 g; 23.26 mm and 16.42 mm) were reared in the tarpaulin tanks (1 × 1 × 1 m; 40 cm water depth) at the density of 100 ind./tank. After 4 months of rearing period, the average body weight, shell height and shell width of the snail reached highest value in P20 (28.36 g; 54.59 mm; 39.74 mm, respectively) and that was significant difference (p<0.05) compared to the remaining protein contents (P15, P25, P30, P35). The survival rate of snails in P25 (75.3%) was higher than in P15 (74.7%), P20 (74.3%), P30 (73.3%) and P35 (71.7%). However, the survival rate was not significant difference among treatments (p>0.05). Snails in P20 obtained the highest productivity (2.79 kg/m 2) and it was significant difference (p<0.05) from P15 (2.52 kg/m 2), P25 (2.57 kg/m 2), P30 (2.48 kg/m 2) and P35 (2.31 kg/m 2). The results of this study showed that the growth rate and productivity of black apple snail were highest when feeding diet contained 20% protein. The requirement of protein for the black apple snail in grow-out period was 22.12%.
Inter-and intra-specific variations of snail meat nutritive value are well documented. The same may be true even within the same species variety. Both active and hibernating snails were collected from two distinct sites from geographical and subclimatic point of view. Using bidimensional data processing, statistical, and biochemical analyses we assessed the actions of environmental factors and metabolical status on intravariety changes of aperture morphological features and foot meat chemical composition. We demonstrated that aperture area tended to be larger in wetter areals whereas relationships between aperture height and foot weight sugested the lack of scientific background for calibration of wild snails. As regards the influence of metabolic status and location on foot chemical composition our results pointed to raw protein as possible predictor of genetic and environmental-induced biochemical variations within the same species variety while percentage content of raw protein in the total amount of dry matter displayed, regardless of origin, a relatively constant variation in relation to the metabolic status.