Comparison of zinc and cadmium plasma parameters produced by laser-ablation (original) (raw)
Related papers
Diagnostics of cadmium plasma produced by laser ablation
Journal of Applied Physics, 2006
Optical measurements of the cadmium plasma produced by the fundamental, second, and third harmonics of a Nd:YAG laser are reported. The excitation temperature and ionic temperature have been determined from the Boltzmann plot and Saha equation, whereas the number density is estimated from the Stark broadened profile of the spectral lines. The variations in the excitation temperature and number density with the ambient air pressure as well as with the laser irradiance have been studied. Besides, the spatial distributions of the temperature and number density have been investigated.
PLASMA PARAMETERS INDUCED BY LASER OF CADMIUM OXIDE
2022
We have examined the optical emission spectra of the plasma created by cadmium oxide (CdO). Liquid (ethanol alcohol) by pulsed laser ablation in liquid media. PLA in the 200-600 nm range at the fundamental wavelength (1064 nm) Nd: YAG laser's wavelength. The Boltzmann diagram method and the extended Stark line coil, respectively, were used to extract plasma parameters such as electron temperature and electron number density.
Spectroscopic evolution of plasma produced by Nd-YAG laser
2014
The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effect of the laser beam energy on the properties of the plasma generated by focusing an intense laser beam on Zn solid targets in air at atmospheric pressure. Plasma is generated using Nd-YAG pulsed laser from Quanta at the fundamental and visible wavelength, its duration being 6 ns. This paper has been done at laser energies of 350, 200, and 100 mJ for the fundamental wavelength, and of 400, 200, and 100 mJ for the second-harmonic laser. The emitted light is collected by a fiber cable and illuminates the entrance slit of an Acton grating spectrometer equipped with intensified charge coupled device camera from photoionization at several delay time intervals. Boltzmann plots of Fe I spectral lines are used to obtain the excitation temperature evolution of the produced plasmas. The evolution of the plasma density is obtained from the Stark full-width at half-maximum of the Si I line at 288.16 nm and Al II line at 281.6 nm. In this paper, we are able to perform experiments at different laser energies and different delay times, which also allow us to study the dependence of the plasma evolution on the laser wavelength.
European Physical Journal D, 2007
In the present work, we have studied the spatial evolution of the aluminum plasma produced by the fundamental (1064 nm), second (532 nm) and third (355 nm) harmonics of a Q-switched pulsed Nd:YAG laser. The experimentally observed line profiles of neutral aluminum have been used to extract the excitation temperature using Boltzmann plot method whereas the electron number density has been determined from the Stark broadened profiles. Besides we have studied the variation of excitation temperature and electron number density as a function of laser irradiance at atmospheric pressure. In addition, we have performed quantitative analysis of photon absorption and vapor ionization mechanism at three laser wavelengths and estimated the inverse bremsstrahlung (IB) absorption and photoionization (PI) coefficients. The validity of the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium is discussed in the light of the experimental results.
A study of the laser plasma parameters at different laser wavelengths
Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, 2002
Diagnostic of laser produced aluminum plasma was performed adopting a spectroscopic technique. A Q-switched Nd:YAG laser at wavelengths 1064, 532 and 355 nm with maximum energies of 500, 100 and 60 mJ, respectively, and pulse duration of 7 ns with repetition rate of 1 Hz was used. The measurements were carried out to determine the spatial electron temperature using the Boltzmann plot for the Al II lines and the spatial profile of the electron density using Stark broadening formula for the three different laser wavelengths. The maximum attainable value of the electron temperature was found at a certain distance away from the target surface depending on the laser wavelength. The electron density reaches its highest value near the target surface. The measurements are then compared with available published experiment and theory and are found to be in agreement with the theory of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). ᮊ
2013
An experimental study has been performed on the pressure-dependent plasma emission intensities in Ar, He, and N 2 surrounding gases with the plasma induced by either nanosecond (ns) or picosecond (ps) yttrium aluminum garnet laser. The study focused on emission lines of light elements such as H, C, O, and a moderately heavy element of Ca from an agate target. The result shows widely different pressure effects among the different emission lines, which further vary with the surrounding gases used and also with the different ablation laser employed. It was found that most of the maximum emission intensities can be achieved in Ar gas plasma generated by ps laser at low gas pressure of around 5 Torr. This experimental condition is particularly useful for spectrochemical analysis of light elements such as H, C, and O, which are known to suffer from intensity diminution at higher gas pressures. Further measurements of the spatial distribution and time profiles of the emission intensities of H I 656.2 nm and Ca II 396.8 nm reveal the similar role of shock wave excitation for the emission in both ns and ps laser-induced plasmas, while an additional early spike is observed in the plasma generated by the ps laser. The suggested preference of Ar surrounding gas and ps laser was further demonstrated by outperforming the ns laser in their applications to depth profiling of the H emission intensity and offering the prospect for the development of three-dimensional analysis of a light element such as H and C.
Optical emission spectra of ZnMnO plasma produced by a pulsed laser
Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2012
Optical emission lines from the plasma generated by a laser ablation process have been investigated to gather information on the nature of the chemical species present. In particular, the experiments were carried out during the laser ablation of a ZnMnO target, in presence of a controlled oxygen atmosphere. The resolved emission spectra are dominated by the atomic neutral or singly ionized emission lines from Zn species, while the Mn I line was detected in emission spectrum at 40 mTorr only. The background continuum, intensities and widths of all observed lines increased with increasing gas pressure. The electron density and electron temperature were calculated for various gas pressures. The electron density was found to increase with the increment of the argon gas pressure, whereas electron temperature decreased. The electron temperature and density are found to be similar to those obtained in the well-known pulsed laser deposition (PLD) process.
Diagnostic analysis of Cu and CuZn plasma produced by Nd: YAG nanosecond laser at 1064 nm
AIP Conference Proceedings, 2021
In this research, spectroscopic plasma emission analysis was carryout to study the characteristics of the parameters of Cu and CuZn plasma created in the air at the atmospheric pressure of Q-switched Nd: YAG nanosecond laser system operating at infrared (1064 nm) laser, and laser energy rangy from 300 to 700 mJ. Experimentally, the emission spectral profiles of pure copper (Cu) and brass (CuZn) were observed and captured by the spectrometer, the emitted spectra helpful to extract essential plasma parameters (i.e. and). These spectra used in the Boltzmann plot method for calculating plasma temperatures; in contrast, the density of electrons by utilized the Stark broadening was estimated. The electron temperature values ranged from12672-20874 K for Cu and 6630-6810 K for CuZn, and the electron density in the range of 2.4×10-4.50×10 and 2.3 × 10-4.50×10 for Cu and CuZn, respectively. Electron temperature () and density () using to estimated other parameters of plasma such as Debye length (), number of particles in the Debye sphere (), and plasma frequency (). Matrix effects in laser-induced metallic plasmas generated from Cu and CuZn matrices have been studied using emission spectroscopy characterization techniques. The variance of the we observed that influenced by the laser pulse energy and matrix.
Temperature and density spectroscopic measurements in different laser-generated plasmas
The European Physical Journal D, 2009
A pulsed Nd:Yag laser, at intensities of the order of 10 10 W/cm 2 , is employed to irradiate different thick metallic targets (Ti, Fe, Ag, and Ni) placed in vacuum. The obtained non-equilibrium plasmas are investigated with various analytical techniques. An electrostatic ion energy analyzer and different ion collectors are employed to monitor in situ the ions ejected from the plasma and to determine the core plasma temperature, the ion energy distributions and the ion angular emission. An optical spectrometer is employed to analyze the plasma corona emitted light vs. wavelength and to identify the emitted characteristic lines. The optical spectroscopy permitted to evaluate the electron temperatures and densities. Results show strong temperature and density gradients occurring in the laser-generated plasma plume.
Optical Spectroscopic Study of Laser-Produced Aluminum Plasma
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2018
The optical emission study of aluminum (Al) plasma generated by a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser has been presented. The plasma parameter, such as electron temperature (T e) and electron number density (N e), has been estimated. The electron temperature has been estimated by four different methods and N e was estimated by Stark broadening of spectral lines and the Saha-Boltzmann equation. The laser-generated Al plasma was optically thin and also fulfills the conditions of local thermodynamical equilibrium. The emission spectrum used for determination of the branching fraction and thus transition probabilities of all allowed transitions. The measured values are good in agreement with the literature.