RECENT ADVANCES ON LIPOSOMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: A REVIEW (original) (raw)
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Review on Liposomes as a Drug Delivery System
DrSriram Publications, 2023
Nanoparticle systems have been perceived as the ultimate goal for effective drug delivery for decades. The ideal nanoparticle carries the drug-load safely to a predefined target. There, it is capable of releasing its cargo intracellular or in the extracellular space where the drug can be directly internalized and exert the desired action. Enroute, the nanoparticle prevents unwanted interactions of the drug-load with non-target tissues and where needed, it will enhance the circulation time of the encapsulated drug and enable sustained release. In this context, liposomes, a class of synthetic lipid nanoparticles have been explored in depth. Liposomes are microscopic self-assembling unilamellar or multilamellar vesicles made up of phospholipid bilayer. Both the hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs can be attached to the lipid bilayer of liposomes and can show their efficacy in the target cell of the human body. Liposomes can significantly alter the pharmacokinetics of drugs. They have been investigated for diverse applications such as treatment of cancer, delivery of gene and vaccine, treatment of lung and skin diseases, treatment of tumours, and imaging tumours at the site of infection. They are leading present-day smart delivery systems due to their flexible biophysical and physicochemical properties, which permit easy control to address different delivery concerns. This review will discuss various advances and updates in liposome-assisted drug delivery and the current clinical use of liposomes for biomedical applications.
A Review On Liposomes As Drug Delivery System
International Journal in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2023
Liposomes are composed of phospholipids and lipids, forming spherical or multilayered vesicles with a lipid bilayer structure in aqueous solutions due to self-assembly of diacyl chain phospholipids. The number of bilayers and the size of vesicles influence the amount of drug encapsulation in liposomes, a crucial factor in determining their circulation half-life. This method involves coating a medication and a lipid onto a soluble carrier to create a pro-liposome, which is free-flowing and granular. When hydrated, it forms an isotonic liposomal solution. This pro-liposome approach serves as a motivation for large-scale production of liposomes containing lipophilic medications at a low cost. These systems have unique properties, including increased drug solubility (as seen with amphotericin B), protection of molecules like DNA and RNA, enhanced intracellular uptake (especially for anticancer drugs), acting as a drug depot, and enhancing drug stability. Liposomes have been successfully utilized for the delivery of various drug categories such as anti-viral, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antibiotics, and anti-fungal agents. Additionally, there have been efforts in the development and characterization of liposomal drug delivery systems, for instance, liposomes containing brimonidine tartrate for ocular applications. These advancements signify the transition of liposomes from a clinically established drug delivery system to a versatile nanoparticle platform for theragnostic
Liposomes for the Drug Delivery: A Review
2021
Quick Response Code Abstract: Formulation of drugs in liposomes has provided an opportunity to enhance the therapeutic indices of various agents mainly through alteration in their bio distribution. Liposomes are a novel drug delivery system (NDDS), they are vesicular structures consisting of bilayer which form spontaneously when phospholipids are dispersed in water. They are microscopic vesicles in which an aqueous volume is entirely enclosed by a membrane composed of lipid bilayers. The goal of any drug delivery system is spatial placement and temporal delivery of the medicament. Research works are going on to prepare an ideal drug delivery system which satisfies these needs. Liposomes are small vesicles (100 nm) composed various lipid molecules which build their membrane bilayers. These formulations are mainly composed of phosphatidylcholine and other constituents such as cholesterol and lipidconjugated hydrophilic polymers. Liposomes are biodegradable and biocompatible in nature.
LIPOSOME AS A POTENTIAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: A REVIEW
Liposomes are microscopic phospholipid vescicles made of lipid bilayer which are the drug carrier for improving the delivery of therapeutic agents. Research on liposome technology has progressed from conventional vesicles ("first-generation liposomes") to "second-generation liposomes", in which long-circulating liposomes are obtained by modulating the lipid composition, size, and charge of the vesicle. Liposomes with modified surfaces have also been developed using several molecules, such as glycolipids or sialic acid. A significant step in the development of long-circulating liposomes came with inclusion of the synthetic polymer poly-(ethylene glycol) (PEG) in liposome composition. Due to advancement in liposomal technology a number of liposomal formulations are available in market for clinical use, with gene delivery and cancer therapy and some formulations are under clinical trial. Reformulation of drugs in liposomes has provided an opportunity to enhance the therapeutic indices of various agents mainly through alteration in their biodistribution. This review discusses the basic principles of liposome structures and preparations, evaluation parameters of liposomal formulation, pharmacokinetics of liposomes and liposome-encapsulated drugs, the potential applications of liposomes in drug delivery with examples of formulations approved for clinical use, and the problems associated with further exploitation of this drug delivery system.
Review Article LIPOSOME AS A POTENTIAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: A REVIEW
Liposomes are microscopic phospholipid vescicles made of lipid bilayer which are the drug carrier for improving the delivery of therapeutic agents. Research on liposome technology has progressed from conventional vesicles ("first-generation liposomes") to "second-generation liposomes", in which long-circulating liposomes are obtained by modulating the lipid composition, size, and charge of the vesicle. Liposomes with modified surfaces have also been developed using several molecules, such as glycolipids or sialic acid. A significant step in the development of long-circulating liposomes came with inclusion of the synthetic polymer poly-(ethylene glycol) (PEG) in liposome composition. Due to advancement in liposomal technology a number of liposomal formulations are available in market for clinical use, with gene delivery and cancer therapy and some formulations are under clinical trial. Reformulation of drugs in liposomes has provided an opportunity to enhance the therapeutic indices of various agents mainly through alteration in their biodistribution. This review discusses the basic principles of liposome structures and preparations, evaluation parameters of liposomal formulation, pharmacokinetics of liposomes and liposomeencapsulated drugs, the potential applications of liposomes in drug delivery with examples of formulations approved for clinical use, and the problems associated with further exploitation of this drug delivery system.
A Review on Liposomes as a Drug Delivery System
IJPAR JOURNAL
Nanoparticle systems have been perceived as the ultimate goal for effective drug delivery for decades. The ideal nanoparticle carries the drug-load safely to a predefined target. There, it is capable of releasing its cargo intracellular or in the extracellular space where the drug can be directly internalized and exert the desired action. Enroute, the nanoparticle prevents unwanted interactions of the drug-load with non-target tissues and where needed, it will enhance the circulation time of the encapsulated drug and enable sustained release. In this context, liposomes, a class of synthetic lipid nanoparticles have been explored in depth. Liposomes are microscopic self-assembling unilamellar or multilamellar vesicles made up of phospholipid bilayer. Both the hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs can be attached to the lipid bilayer of liposomes and can show their efficacy in the target cell of the human body. Liposomes can significantly alter the pharmacokinetics of drugs. They have bee...
Liposomal Drug Delivery Systems: An Update Review
Current Drug Delivery, 2007
The discovery of liposome or lipid vesicle emerged from self forming enclosed lipid bi-layer upon hydration; liposome drug delivery systems have played a significant role in formulation of potent drug to improve therapeutics. Recently the liposome formulations are targeted to reduce toxicity and increase accumulation at the target site. There are several new methods of liposome preparation based on lipid drug interaction and liposome disposition mechanism including the inhibition of rapid clearance of liposome by controlling particle size, charge and surface hydration. Most clinical applications of liposomal drug delivery are targeting to tissue with or without expression of target recognition molecules on lipid membrane. The liposomes are characterized with respect to physical, chemical and biological parameters. The sizing of liposome is also critical parameter which helps characterize the liposome which is usually performed by sequential extrusion at relatively low pressure through polycarbonate membrane (PCM). This mode of drug delivery lends more safety and efficacy to administration of several classes of drugs like antiviral, antifungal, antimicrobial, vaccines, anti-tubercular drugs and gene therapeutics. Present applications of the liposomes are in the immunology, dermatology, vaccine adjuvant, eye disorders, brain targeting, infective disease and in tumour therapy. The new developments in this field are the specific binding properties of a drug-carrying liposome to a target cell such as a tumor cell and specific molecules in the body (antibodies, proteins, peptides etc.); stealth liposomes which are especially being used as carriers for hydrophilic (water soluble) anticancer drugs like doxorubicin, mitoxantrone; and bisphosphonate-liposome mediated depletion of macrophages. This review would be a help to the researchers working in the area of liposomal drug delivery.
Liposomes: A targeted drug delivery system- A review
2015
Liposomes are a novel drug delivery system (NDDS), which are vesicular structures consisting of hydrated bilalyers which form spontaneously whenphospholipids are dispersed in water. They are simple microscopic vesicles in which an aqueous volume is entirely enclosed by a membrane composed of lipid bilayers. Novel drug delivery system aims to deliver the drug at a rate directed by the needs of the body during the period of treatment, and channel the active entity to the siteof action. It has been a study interest in the development of a NDDS. Liposomes are colloidal spheres of cholesterol non-toxic surfactants, sphingolipids, glycolipids, long chain fatty acids and even membrane proteins and drug molecules or it is also called vesicular system. It is differ in size, composition and charge. It is a drug carrier loaded with great variety of molecules such as small drug molecules, proteins, nucleotides and even plasmids. Few drugs are also formulated as liposomes to improve their therap...
Open Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics, 2018
Liposomes, sphere-shaped vesicles consisting of one or more phospholipid bilayers, were fi rst described in the mid-60s. Nowadays, they are a very useful reproduction, reagent, and device in various scientifi c disciplines, including medicine, chemistry, biochemistry, colloid science, biology, physics, biophysics, mathematics and theoretical. After the initial discoveries liposomes have made their way to the market. Among numerous brilliant new drug delivery systems developed, liposomes characterize an advanced technology to deliver active molecules to the site of action, and at present, several formulations are in clinical use. Research on liposome technology has progressed from conventional vesicles to 'second-generation liposomes', in which long-circulating liposomes are obtained by modulating the lipid composition, size, and charge of the vesicle. Liposomes with modifi ed surfaces have also been developed using several molecules, such as glycolipids or sialic acid. This paper mini review summarizes exclusively Nano-lipids, its applications in medicine scalable techniques in treating dreadful diseases cancer, AIDS, paralysis etcand focuses on strengths, respectively, limitations in respect to industrial applicability and regulatory requirements concerning liposomal drug formulations based on FDA and EMEA documents.
Liposomal drug delivery: Recent developments and challenges
Pharmaspire
The spherical vesicles known as liposomes may contain one or many phospholipid bilayers. The first liposomes were found in the 1960s. One of the many distinctive drug delivery methods is the liposome, which offers a complex way to transfer active molecules to the site of action. Clinical trials are now testing a variety of formulations. Long-lasting second-generation liposomes are created by altering the vesicle’s lipid composition, size, and charge. Superficial vesicles have given way to liposome growth. Glycolipids and other substances have been used to make liposomes for the modification of outer surfaces through various types of targeting ligands and detecting agents or moiety. Now, the liposomes developed for the different market and it is flooded with cosmetics and, more crucially, medications. Three of the main applications of liposome technology include steric and environmental stabilization of loaded molecules, remote drug loading through pH and ion gradients approach, and ...