Assessing Health Effects and Soundscape Analysis as New Mitigation Actions Concerning the Aircraft Noise Impact in Small- and Middle-Size Urban Areas in Greece (original) (raw)
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[Health impact assessment of airport noise on people living nearby six Italian airports]
Epidemiologia e prevenzione
aircraft noise has been associated with several health effects. Because of the great success of low-cost flights, small airports have been turned into international airports thus exposing nearby residents to an increase in noise levels and potential disturbances and health disorders. to estimate the exposure levels and evaluate the health impact of aircraft noise on residents nearby six airports in Italy (Rome: Ciampino; Milan: Linate and Malpensa; Pisa; Turin; Venice) focusing on hypertension, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), annoyance and sleep disturbances. residents in the local Municipalities considered at 31.12.2010 were included in the study and their addresses were geocoded. Aircraft noise exposure in 2011 was defined using the Integrated Noise Model linked to each participant's address. Lden (<55, 55-60, 61-65, 65-70 dB), Lnight, Leq (day and night) were calculated. Available exposure-response relationships were used to estimate the number of additional cases of hy...
Seven Editora eBooks, 2023
The operation of aircraft produces negative environmental externalities, such as air pollution and aeronautical noise that impacts the areas near airport sites, becoming a major source of conflicts between communities and airport operators. Noise discomfort from exposure to airborne noise affects health, quality of life and sleep. Thus, it is important to conduct research that seeks to evaluate the impact of aeronautical noise in the surroundings of airports. Thus, in the present work the sound impact caused by aeronautical noise in areas surrounding Santos Dumont airport (SBRJ) in the State of Rio de Janeiro was evaluated. The methodology was based on simulations of noise curves in the acoustic metric DNL (day-night level) using the INM 7.0d software. The input data required for the simulations were provided by INFRAERO for the year 2016. With the noise curves, acoustic maps were elaborated with the aid of the QGIS 2.18 software. The population exposed to air noise in different noise curves was also determined. In addition, a comparison was made between the methodologies currently used in Brazil and in the European Community to determine the percentage of people who were bothered (%I) and highly bothered (%AI) in the different noise curves. The results indicate that the percentage of disturbed in each noise curve is small when related to the number of inhabitants per neighborhood and it is concluded that for a better evaluation of the impact of aeronautical noise, RBAC 161 (2013) can be complemented with the calculation of the exposed population with its percentages of bothered and highly bothered people.
Noise-related land-use restrictions are included in Brazilian regulations since the beginning of the 1980s. These restrictions are applied in areas subjected to aircraft noise levels higher than compatibility criterion defined by the responsible authorities. However, noise-related conflicts remain common not only in Brazilian airports, and there are reactions from communities located in areas considered compatible by the regulations. Additionally, the current metric for aircraft noise evaluation in Brazil (Ldn - Day-Night Average Sound Level) is not easily understood by the general public, which jeopardizes the communication between airports and the communities affected by the noise. Given this scenario, the objective of this work is to propose a new methodology for aircraft noise evaluation, based on the application of weights on the number of noise events, with the objective of providing a good correlation with perceived annoyance, together with an increased ease of understanding to people without technical knowledge on acoustics. To validate this methodology, a survey was realized at the surrounding areas of the São Paulo-Guarulhos International Airport (GRU), in Brazil, with the use of online forms and advertisements published in social networks. The 547 responses obtained were used to evaluate the annoyance level caused by aircraft noise on the communities living on the surroundings of this airport. The results show that the proposed Weighted Number Above (WNA) and Verbal Number-Above (VNA) metrics are similar to the Ldn in terms of correlation with the reported annoyance, and has the additional advantage of the improved ease of understanding. The analysis also show that the current aircraft noise compatibility criteria are associated with annoyance levels higher than the ones foreseen by the applicable requirements, which confirms the need to consider community engagement aspects on the land-use definitions around airports, and not only the subjective aspects of noise acceptability.
Health effects of aircraft noise near three French airports: the DEBATS research program
DEBATS is an ongoing research program (2011-2018) aiming to characterize the relations between the aircraft noise exposure and the health status of the French population living around three airports: Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Toulouse-Blagnac, and Lyon Saint-Exupéry.It includes: A longitudinal study whose objective is to follow-up 1,200 adult residents of these threeairports during four years. Annoyance and health status are assessed by a face-to-face questionnaire performed at home. Bloodpressure and heart rate are also measured. Moreover, the participants are instructed to collect a sample of their salivary in order to determine their cortisol concentration. A sleep study aiming to characterize acute effects of aircraft noise on sleep quality using noise measurements. A pilot study was performed in 2011 in order to test and validate the protocol on 100 residents around Paris-Charles de Gaulle airport. The results of this pilot study arepresented and discussed.
Aircraft noise assessment in the vicinity of airports with different descriptors
New developments for aircraft noise zoning around the airports currently are under design in new states, including new EU member states. In these countries previous experience still exist and valid, particularly for sanitary-hygienic norms of the aircraft noise. But at the same moment the ICAO recommendations are used for these purposes also, so as the specific requirements/recommendations of the EU, for example, such as EU Directives 2002/49/EC, 2002/30/EC and 2006/93/EC. By this reason the estimation of aircraft noise impact on citizen near airports sometimes become ambiguous. Specific attention must be done to the airports with small aircraft traffic; the number of such airports is quite big in Lithuania, Ukraine and Russian Federation. The paper shows that for small city airport the noise zone, which is calculated for permissible limit described in L A,night , may be bigger than the calculated in L DEN . In general if to use the equivalent sound levels for noise zone limits it may produce a problem outside of these zones, because high maximum sound levels L A,max along the flight routes may exceed the national sanitary-hygienic norms for noise inside residential areas, which is described by these levels too. In this case the sound exposure and maximum levels for separate flights was analyzed, preferably by measurements (more preferably using monitoring), because the accuracy of aircraft noise calculation results in this case is much less than for equivalent sound levels. Details of calculation and measurement steps in noise zoning procedures for airports with small traffic are discussed.
Evaluation of the impacts of aircraft movements over residential areas has been a focal point of public concerns. This study assesses the periodical changes on aircraft noise based on seasonal flight densities of the Antalya Airport. Noise contours around airports can be used as evaluation and decision-making tools by relevant authorities to avoid or minimize reactions of the community against the noise produced by aircrafts. Aircraft noise contour assessment is a complex procedure due to the diversity of flight route schemes, flight densities and procedures applied around an airport. For Antalya Airport, number of flights is higher in summer months when compared with other times of the year, because of tourism activities. The study was conducted in 2012 among the population living within a 25-km radius of Antalya Airport, one of the large airports in Turkey. The analyses were carried out with the aid of the SoundPlan software. The evaluation of noise mapping results has shown much ...
METHODOLOGICAL PROPOSAL FOR THE CALCULATION OF POPULATION EXPOSED TO AERONAUTICAL NOISE
Journal of Engineering Research, 2022
In Brazil, few studies seek to verify the sound impacts caused by aeronautical noise in exposed communities. To better understand these impacts, this work presents a methodological proposal for the calculation of the population exposed to aeronautical noise around airports. Brasília International Airport (SBBR) was chosen for the study and the exposed population was estimated based on guidelines indicated by the European Community. In the study, census data and acoustic maps were created. As a result, the acoustic maps helped in the identification of areas sensitive to aeronautical noise. It was also possible to estimate and avoid overestimating the size of the population exposed to airborne noise. Attention is drawn to the occupation of areas very close to the limits of the airport site.
Noise mitigation action plan of Pisa civil and military airport and its effects on people exposure
Applied Acoustics, 2014
The ''Galileo Galilei'' airport is a civil and military airport quite close to central Pisa. Although the airport brings benefits in terms of tourism and different types of income, the air traffic growth exacerbates the exposition to aircraft noise. This could significantly affect public health. To this day, a small number of studies takes into account the standard indicators of Europe by considering noise emission data for military aircrafts. We estimated the noise impact produced by the airport and we evaluated the related exposed population by using the Integrated Noise Model (INM). The noise power levels of both commercial and military flights have been considered as an input to the model. Predicted levels were validated by means of a noise-monitoring network. A new tracking system (AirNav Radar) that captures Automatic Identification System (AIS) signals emitted by each aircraft has been used to emulate takeoff and landing procedures. This improves the accuracy of the input to the model. We simulated noise maps for present and future scenarios, including those following the application of noise reduction measures. For each situation, we also estimated the exposure of the population and the percentages of highly annoyed and highly sleep disturbed people. We show the utility of AIS data and their specific elaboration to draw up noise abatement measures in order to reduce the noise impact on population and allow the airport development.
A Novel Tool to Estimate the Impact – Beyond Acoustics – of Aircraft Noise on Airport Communities
2020
In the H2020 project ANIMA, a tool chain is developed, making it possible to predict the noise impact of chosen flight scenarios whilst including new technologies and architectures. The goal is to give end-users, the possibility to calculate noise maps for a full virtual aircraft fleet over a certain amount of time. All that by including annoyance related metrics! <br> The toolchain itself consists of a so-called Noise Reduction Solutions Simulator and a Virtual Community Tool (VCT). The Simulator is capable of modelling a fleet of current and future aircraft around an airport, creating a noise map with integrated levels (classical acoustic metrics) for given scenarios. <br> The VCT adds impact and perception related indicators to the conventional noise maps. The awakening factor was chosen as first indicator for implementation that calculates additional awakenings per night when changing scenario configurations.<br> The VCT represents the interface with the end-us...
Estimation of airport noise impacts on public health. A case study of İzmir Adnan Menderes Airport
Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 2015
The air transport industry is showing rapid growth in line with the call for meeting the requirements of a rising population. Noise mapping is more useful than surveys and measurements to estimate the effects of noise on public health. In this paper, noise levels for the day, evening and night time slices around _ Izmir Adnan Menderes Airport were calculated by use of the SoundPLAN 7.2 software according to the European Noise Directive, and the ''ECAC Doc. 29-Interim'' method was applied for the computation of the aircraft noise. Air traffic data of year 2012, technical information about the airport and geographical data including the layers of elevation, residential buildings, auxiliary buildings, hospitals and schools were used as the main inputs for the model developed in the study. The model was found to perform well for the areas closer to the airport. The results of the study suggested that the area at the north side of the airport, where the city center of _ Izmir is located, is more affected than other areas. The threshold value of 55 dB(A) was found to be exceeded in 0.3% of the land area covered by _ Izmir City center during the time slice ''day''. The results showed that about 2% of the resident population was exposed to noise levels of 55 dB(A) or higher during day-time in _ Izmir. In addition, it was understood that the number of people who are potentially exposed to high noise levels and threatened by several illness such as hypertension and sleep disturbances is significant in the surrounding area of the airport. It is thought to be important for airport operators to manage the airport capacity based on the flight schedules in order to control the noise exposure level around the airport.