How to Improve the Functional Capacity of Frail and Pre-Frail Elderly People? Health, Nutritional Status and Exercise Intervention. The EXERNET-Elder 3.0 Project (original) (raw)

Effects of a Multicomponent Exercise Program, a Detraining Period and Dietary Intake Prediction of Body Composition of Frail and Pre-Frail Older Adults from the EXERNET Elder 3.0 Study

Sustainability

The aging of humans is associated with body composition and function deterioration creating a burden on an individual level, but also on a societal one, resulting in an economic burden that is socially unsustainable. This study aimed to evaluate changes in body composition after a 6-month MCT (multicomponent training) and a 4-month detraining period, and to examine the possible influence of energy and macronutrient intake in these changes in frail and pre-frail older adults. A total of 43 participants from the training group (TRAIN) and 28 controls (CON) completed the study protocol. Body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumferences, fat mass, fat free mass and fat mass percentage were recorded, with a bio-electrical impedance analyzer, at baseline, after 6 months and four months after finishing the MCT. A food frequency questionnaire was used to estimate energy intake. Mixed effect models did not show differences between groups. CON showed increases in hip circumfere...

Diet and Exercise for FRAILty (DEFRAIL): protocol for a study to examine the effect of a novel community-based group exercise and nutritional intervention, designed to reverse frailty in older adults

BMJ Open, 2021

IntroductionFrailty refers to a multifaceted age-related loss of physiological reserve. Aside from the immediate challenges it presents, it is also associated with various adverse health outcomes. Given our ageing population, the healthcare and societal costs resulting from frailty present a significant and growing public health challenge. Rapidly accumulating evidence suggests that resistance exercise combined with protein supplementation can reverse frailty in older adults. However, translation of these findings into practice has proven difficult, due to either a lack of clarity regarding the interventions used or the use of interventions not suitable for widespread implementation. There remains an absence of evidence-based programmes suitable for delivery to frail older adults in the community.Methods and analysisThis paper outlines the protocol for a study to examine the effect of a novel programme of exercise and protein supplementation. This intervention has been developed by ...

Frailty Intervention through Nutrition Education and Exercise (FINE). A Health Promotion Intervention to Prevent Frailty and Improve Frailty Status among Pre-Frail Elderly—A Study Protocol of a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients, 2020

The ageing process has been associated with various geriatric issues including frailty. Without early prevention, frailty may cause multiple adverse outcomes. However, it potentially may be reversed with appropriate interventions. The aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness of nutritional education and exercise intervention to prevent frailty among the elderly. A 3-month, single-blind, two-armed, cluster randomized controlled trial of the frailty intervention program among Malaysian pre-frail elderly will be conducted. A minimum of total 60 eligible respondents from 8 clusters (flats) of Program Perumahan Rakyat (PPR) flats will be recruited and randomized to the intervention and control arm. The intervention group will receive a nutritional education and a low to moderate multi-component exercise program. To date, this is the first intervention study that specifically targets both the degree of frailty and an improvement in the outcomes of frailty using both nutritional edu...

Effects of a physical training and nutritional intervention program in frail elderly people regarding habitual physical activity level and activities of daily living—A randomized controlled pilot study

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 2010

The aim of this randomized controlled pilot study is to describe the effects of a physical training and nutritional intervention program on the physical activity level and activities of daily living (ADL) in frail elderly people. Ninety-six community-dwelling frail elderly people (58 women) above the age of 75 were included in the study. The 12-week physical and/or nutritional intervention program was followed by six months of home-based exercises for the training groups, followed up with training diaries. At baseline the subjects were screened for physical activity level, walking habits, and ADL. These measurements were repeated immediately after the intervention at 3 months, and at 2nd follow-up at 9 months. ADL data were also collected 24 months after baseline at 3rd follow-up. The intention-to-treat analyses showed an increase of the habitual physical activity level and walking duration at 1st follow-up for the two training groups compared to the other groups. These increases remained at 2nd follow-up. The nutrition intervention did not show any significant results. No significant effects on ADL were shown however, there were moderate correlations between increases in physical activity level and ADL as well as between the amounts of home-based exercises and ADL for the two training groups. ß

Effects of a 12-Week Exercise Training Program on Physical Function in Institutionalized Frail Elderly

Journal of aging research, 2018

With the increase in life expectancy, the Brazilian elderly population has risen considerably. However, longevity is usually accompanied by problems such as the loss of functional capacity, cognitive decline, frailty syndrome, and deterioration in anthropometric parameters, particularly among those living in long-term care facilities. This randomized controlled trial aimed to verify the effects of exercise training on biochemical, inflammatory, and anthropometric indices and functional performance in institutionalized frail elderly. The sample consisted of 37 elderly people of both genders, aged 76.1 ± 7.7 years, who were randomly allocated into 2 groups: 13 individuals in the exercise group (EG) and 24 in the control group (CG). Anthropometrics, clinical history, functional tests, and biochemical evaluation were measured before and after the completion of a physical exercise program, which lasted for 12 weeks. The 12-week exercise program for frail elderly residents in a long-term ...

Exercise-Based Interventions as a Management of Frailty Syndrome in Older Populations: Design, Strategy, and Planning

Frailty in the Elderly - Understanding and Managing Complexity, 2021

Exercise-based interventions emerged as the best alternative for treating frailty syndrome (FS). Recognized as a complex phenotype, the FS is a multifaceted aging expression determined by biologic, environment, and behaviors factors. The biological theories of human development perceive aging process as an accumulation of harmful biochemical changes, whose occurrence attends the course of life. The progressive losses of functional reserves that occur in the body systems are a hallmark of this negative process. Despite the biological effects of physical and cognitive decline, more contemporary studies have identified that the environmental and behavior factors such as malnutrition and negative psychological adjustment across the life span also contribute to the early appearance of FS. Notwithstanding the latest findings that consistently demonstrate an overall positive benefit of long-term-based exercise in the decrease and/or reversal of the FS with a substantial impact on their cor...

Physical activity and exercise: Strategies to manage frailty

Redox Biology, 2020

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Health Related Physical Fitness Levels of Elderly

Facta universitatis. Series physical education and sport, 2014

This study was designed to investigate the level of health-related physical fitness (HRPF) in the Novi Sad elderly. Forty-nine elderly people 73.22±5.04 years of age (20 females and 29 males) participated in this study. Their health status, body composition and HRPF were measured. The differences between the HRPF indicators between health risk factor groups were calculated using the one-way univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA), with a 95% confidence level (p < .05). The relationship between the health risk stratification factor and HRPF was assessed by Pearson's correlation coefficients (p < .05). Based on the Risk Factor Stratification, the participants were grouped into: a low risk-36.7%; moderate risk  16.3% and high risk group-46.9% of he participants. A statistically significant difference was noted in the hand grip strength between low risk and high risk participants (p = 0.04). A moderate negative relationship between the health risk factor and balance (r = .417) and cardiovascular fitness (r = .426) was noted. The analyses of the health status indicate prehypertension. The results of body composition show obesity, and the HRPF level indicates a high risk of cardiovascular disease, muscle strength at risk level, and flexibility and balance at a satisfactory level for this age.