Spatially Enabled Society (original) (raw)
Related papers
Spatially enabling governments: A new vision for spatial information
… United Nations Regional …, 2006
The vision of a spatially enabled government involves establishing an enabling infrastructure to facilitate use of place or location to organise information about activities of people and businesses, and about government actions, decisions and polices. Once the infrastructure is built, spatial enablement allows government information and services, business transactions and community activities to be linked to places or locations. Given the potential of new technologies, use of place or location will facilitate the evaluation and analysis of both spatial and non-spatial relationships between people, business transactions and government. Most governments already have considerable infrastructure and administrative systems for better management of land and resources. Basic information creating processes are cadastral surveying that identifies land and running a digital cadastral database (DCDB) providing the spatial integrity and unique land parcel identification, registering land that supports simple land trading (buying, selling, mortgaging and leasing land); running land information systems (LIS); and geographic information systems (GIS) that provide mapping and resource information. For modern governments at all stages of development, one question is how best to integrate these processes, especially to offer them in an Internet enabled eGovernment environment. Twenty years ago, each process and collection of information, was distinct and separate. Two changes in the world at large challenged this silo approach. First, thanks to improvements in technology, the infrastructure available to support modern land and resource management now spans three distinct environments: the natural, the built and the virtual environments. Second, the pressures on managers created by increased populations, environmental degradation, water scarcity and climate change, require governments to have much more accurate and comprehensive information than ever before. One commodity in particular-land information-has the ability to transform the way government and private sector organisations do business. The eLand administration concept as part of eGovernment initiatives is now moving to a wider use of spatially enabled land information, expressed in the concept of iLand, integrated, interactive spatial information available on the Internet.
Spatial Planning and Geo-ICT: How Spatial Planners Invented GIS and Are Still Learning How to Use It
GeoJournal Library, 2009
The term 'spatial planning' generally refers to a wide range of systematic activities designed to ensure that desired spatial goals are achieved in the future. These goals include environmental protection, urban development, different forms of economic activities, infrastructure development, water management and many others. Location is a fundamental aspect of spatial planning, as it is in other spatial sciences such as landscape architecture and physical and human geography. It is subject to, and the result of, planning activities. In spatial planning location is a composite concept. It is not only made up of physical characteristics (or phenomena), but also contains notions of form, function and meaning. This composite concept of location is reflected in the current opportunities for using Geo-ICT in planning activities, opportunities that have increased enormously since the first applications of Geo-ICT in spatial decision making in the 1960s. We claim that spatial planning has influenced the development of Geo-ICT and has boosted the development of geographical information systems (GIS) in particular. Both have maintained a close relationship ever since. But spatial planning not only 'produced' GIS; the reverse is also true: Geo-ICT and GIS have influenced and still influence the concept of spatial planning, especially its working methods and applications. Spatial planners are still searching for ways to put GIS successfully into practice.
Advances in spatial information: new opportunities for spatial planning
2020
This paper concerns the use of data sources in spatial planning, design, and decision making, focusing in particular on recent advances user-generated contents and enabling technologies. After a review of recent development digital data sources nowadays available to planners to support their technical activities within the plan-making process, it is argued volunteered geographic information and technology can expand the planner toolbox, enabling the seamless support to tasks that would have been cumbersome to be implemented in practice until a decade ago. A geodesign case study is described in detail in order to demonstrate these assumptions in the face of a complex design process at the metropolitan city scale.
During recent years spatial data infrastructure (SDI) concepts have developed towards user-centered initiatives, whose creation is strongly driven by user requirements. Closely related to (user-centric) SDIs is the vision of spatially enabled societies where access to and use of spatial data is regarded as relevant support for everyone to organize their activities. Both user-centric SDI models and the concept of spatially enabled societies focus on large and diverse user communities encompassing, besides public and private sector organizations, the general public as well. Although the benefits of spatial data use for professional reasons are widely recognized, awareness of the potential advantages for private life such as activities related to citizenship (civic duties and rights) has only recently been raised. Nevertheless, most citizens, as non-professionals regarding spatial data use, face difficulties when carrying out tasks related to the use of resources provided by a SDI. While capacity building is a long-established feature to ensure effective use by professionals, the need for citizens’ spatial education has lately become an important consideration. This asks, on the one hand, for the specification of skills and competencies required on the part of citizens to open up opportunities to benefit from SDIs and on the other hand, suitable education initiatives addressing the general public. Therefore, this paper argues that “Spatial Citizenship” seems to be an appropriate education approach to train user groups as pupils/ students and adults (non-GI professionals), who demand for different education initiatives adjusted to their particular situation.
From Spatial Data Infrastructures to Planning Support Systems
Abstract Developments in Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI) offer spatial planners unprecedented wealth of digital spatial data and services, which may be used to support more informed decision-making in urban and regional planning. However, these resources are often underexploited due to lack of the necessary skills by practitioners, so missing the opportunity for innovation in the planning practices. Geodesign is an emerging approach which bridges the gap between spatial planning and design, and Geographic Information Science. The main underlying assumption in Geodesign is that geographic knowledge and geo-information technologies can support more informed design and sustainable decision-making in urban and regional planning. This contribution presents two different approaches developed by the authors to research in Geodesign. The first approach concerns the development of methodology-oriented 1st generation Planning Support Systems (PSS 1.0) for Local Land-Use Planning and Strate...
Spatially Enabled Land Administration: Addressing Societal Needs and responding to the Global Agenda
All countries have to deal with the management of land. They have to deal with the four functions of land tenure, land value, land use, and land development in some way or another. A country's capacity may be advanced and combine all the activities in one conceptual framework supported by sophisticated ICT models. More likely, however, capacity will involve very fragmented and basically analogue approaches. This paper provides an overall understanding of the land management paradigm towards spatially enabled land administration. Place matters! Everything happens somewhere. If we can understand more about the nature of "place" where things happen, and the impact on the people and assets on that location, we can plan better, manage risk better, and use our resources better. Land administration is addressing societal needs. In Western cultures it would be hard to imagine a society without having property rights as a basic driver for development and economic growth. In most developing countries, however, about 70% of the land is outside the formal land administration system. Land administration should also address the key challenges of the new millennium such as climate change, natural disasters, and rapid urban growth. The linkage between climate change adaptation and sustainable development should be self-evident. Measures for adaptation to climate change and disaster risk management must be integrated into strategies for poverty reduction to ensure sustainable development and for meeting the Millennium Development Goals. The land management perspective and the operational component of spatially enabled land administration systems therefore need high-level political support and recognition.
Would spatial planners benefit from better familiarity with integrated ICT based technologies
2017
Introduction In contrast to popular notion, spatial planning does not belong solely within the privileged realm of spatial planners. Spatial planners constitute just one link in a chain of stakeholders who may use the tools provided by the planners with a view to achieve sustainable development objectives (Karlenzig, 2012). The success or otherwise of spatially oriented plans and policies greatly depends on each link within this imaginary chain.